Volume 13 | Issue 8 |

 Abstract

Athlete nutrition is central to performance, recovery, and resilience, yet Indian athletes often face multiple nutritional challenges. This paper explores how India's traditional dietary knowledge, when synergized with modern sports science, can create a sustainable and high-performing nutritional framework for Indian athletes. The study identifies prevailing gaps in energy availability, micronutrient deficiencies, and diet awareness, while highlighting the untapped potential of indigenous foods like millets, pulses, and anti-inflammatory spices. It also contrasts vegetarian and non-vegetarian diets, emphasizing the need for scientifically guided personalization. As India's sports nutrition industry evolves, integrating AI and culturally aligned innovation could usher in a new generation of optimized athletes.

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 Keywords

Athlete nutrition, Indian diets, micronutrient deficiency, vegetarianism, sports performance, personalized nutrition

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Avabahuk, an Ayurvedic condition classified as an Urdhwajatrugata Vyadhi (disease pertaining to the upper body/head region), is characterized by progressive stiffness and restricted mobility of the shoulder joint, accompanied by pain. Clinically, it presents a striking resemblance to Frozen Shoulder or Adhesive Capsulitis in modern medical parlance. This case report critically evaluates the effectiveness of Marma Chikitsa as the sole therapeutic intervention in a 52-year-old male patient who presented with a chronic, one-year history of right shoulder pain and significant functional limitation consistent with Avabahuk. The core of the treatment involved targeted stimulation of specific Marma points located around the shoulder complex, upper back, and arm. This approach aimed to directly counteract the vitiation of Vata and Kapha Doshas, which are implicated in the pathogenesis of joint immobility and pain in Avabahuk. Notably, within a treatment duration of one month, significant clinical improvements were observed, manifesting as a substantial increase in the shoulder's active and passive range of motion and a marked reduction in pain perception, all achieved without any reported adverse effects. The underlying therapeutic principles of Marma Chikitsa, which involve local tissue and energetic modulation, bear conceptual parallels with modern physical therapy techniques that focus on neuromodulation and fascial release. This case suggests that Marma Chikitsa offers a safe, cost-effective, and highly efficacious alternative to conventional Frozen Shoulder treatments, which often entail prolonged rehabilitation, potential side effects, and considerable expense. The strategic focus on restoring Prana flow, balancing Vata and Kapha, and improving microcirculation formed the cornerstone of this therapeutic strategy. While these findings are profoundly encouraging, they underscore the imperative for more rigorous, controlled clinical trials with larger participant cohorts to scientifically validate this protocol and to establish standardized Ayurvedic management guidelines for Avabahuk.

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Avabahuk, Frozen Shoulder, Marma Chikitsa, Vata-Kapha imbalance, Shoulder stiffness

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This paper presents the development and implementation of the Health Advisory Chartboard, an intelligent, web-based healthcare assistant designed to offer preliminary diagnostic support based on user-reported symptoms. By accepting multiple symptoms through a simple text interface, the system utilizes a Decision Tree-based machine learning model to predict potential diseases and subsequently recommends relevant medications, physical exercises, and preventive measures. The backend is implemented using Python and Flask, while the frontend is constructed using standard web technologies including HTML, CSS, and JavaScript, ensuring an intuitive and responsive user experience. This application serves as a supportive tool for early health awareness, particularly in areas with limited access to medical professionals. It bridges the gap between symptom occurrence and professional consultation, thereby promoting proactive healthcare management.

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 Keywords

Disease Prediction, Health Advisory System, Symptom Checker, Machine Learning, Decision Tree, Flask, Preventive Healthcare.

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Empty nest syndrome among parents whose children have migrated presents a multifaceted challenge marked by feelings of loneliness, isolation, and financial strain. This quantitative and qualitative study aims to explore the psychosocial impact of children's migration on their parents, referencing issues related to the empty nest experience. Data were collected from 67 parents and analyzed using descriptive statistics. The Findings reveal a pervasive sense of isolation among respondents, compounded by the absence of familial support and the challenges of adapting to new cultural contexts. The study underscores the need for tailored interventions to address the psychological and social needs of aged parents grappling with psychological issues related to empty nesting in the context of migration. By shedding light on the intricate interplay of factors shaping this phenomenon, this research contributes to a deeper understanding of the complexities surrounding aging, migration, and familial relationships in contemporary society.

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Empty Nest, Psychological and Social Needs, Isolation, Migration, Aging

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Mudras (hand gestures) rooted in ancient yogic science are increasingly recognized for their therapeutic potential. This study explores the role of mudras in women's health, highlighting their benefits in managing common health ailments, promoting emotional balance, and improving overall quality of life

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 Keywords

Asana, Emotional balance, Mudra, Pranayama, Women's health.

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The small-scale bovine farming sector plays a pivotal role in sustaining rural livelihoods and ensuring nutritional security in India, especially in regions like Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh. This study investigates the farm management practices and economic viability of small-scale bovine farms in rural Lucknow, aiming to assess their productivity, cost structures, income levels, and sustainability challenges. Using primary data collected from 50 bovine farmers through structured interviews and surveys, the study analyzes operational inputs, output yields, feeding practices, veterinary care, labor utilization, and market access. Economic indicators such as gross income, net income, input-output ratio, and break-even points are calculated to evaluate farm performance. Findings reveal that while bovine farms contribute significantly to rural income, many operate on marginal profitability due to high input costs, lack of technical know-how, and inadequate access to veterinary and marketing infrastructure. The study suggests that improved extension services, cooperative marketing systems, and targeted subsidies can enhance farm viability. This research has practical implications for policy-makers, agricultural extension workers, and development planners seeking to promote inclusive rural growth through sustainable livestock farming.

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Small-scale bovine farming, Rural farm management, Economic viability, Dairy farming Input-output ratio

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A traditional Hatha Yoga pose that builds from the foundational Vajrasana is Supta Vajrasana, also known as the Reclined Thunderbolt Pose. Although it is widely acknowledged for its healing properties and benefits to digestive health, maximizing its therapeutic use and lowering risks require a deeper understanding of anatomy and physiology. An extensive anatomical analysis of Supta Vajrasana from the viewpoint of Rachana Sharir is presented in this article, which breaks down the complex engagement and stretching of different musculoskeletal structures, such as muscles, ligaments, and joints. It also clarifies the physiological effects on the nervous, endocrine, digestive, respiratory, and circulatory systems. This research attempts to provide a thorough framework for Rachana Sharir scholars to understand the profound body-mind integration promoted by this special asana by connecting these anatomical effects with Ayurvedic concepts like Dosha balance, Agni stimulation, and Srotas purification. Its therapeutic precision can be improved by comprehending the biomechanics and physiological reactions, especially in conditions pertaining to digestive issues, metabolic health, and general physical and mental well-being.

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 Keywords

Supta Vajrasana, Rachana Sharir, Anatomy, Biomechanics, Yoga, Vajrasana, Joints, Muscles, Physiology, Ayurveda

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Background: Noninvasive wearable devices are increasingly used in healthcare to detect early alterations in patient health status. Staff nurses, as front-line health professionals, must have adequate knowledge to utilize and interpret data from these devices effectively. Objective: To assess the knowledge of staff nurses regarding noninvasive wearable devices used for detecting health alterations. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study using a structured questionnaire was conducted among staff nurses in a tertiary care hospital. Statistical analysis was performed to determine the knowledge levels and their associations with sociodemographic variables. Results: The majority of nurses demonstrated moderate knowledge regarding the application, benefits, and limitations of noninvasive wearable devices for health monitoring. Knowledge scores were significantly higher among younger nurses and those with higher educational qualifications. Conclusion: There is a moderate level of awareness among staff nurses regarding noninvasive wearable devices. Regular training and sensitization programs are recommended to bridge knowledge gaps and optimize the use of wearable health technologies in clinical practice.

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Noninvasive wearable devices, health alterations, knowledge assessment, staff nurses, health technology, patient monitoring

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The Toda and Irula tribes of the Nilgiris represent two of the most culturally rich and ecologically sensitive indigenous communities in South India. Their deep-rooted relationship with the land, distinctive architectural styles, spiritual practices, and traditional ecological knowledge form a vital part of India's tribal heritage. In the context of increasing interest in heritage-based and eco-sensitive tourism, tribal tourism is increasingly viewed as a means of fostering both economic inclusion and cultural preservation. This paper critically examines the cultural heritage and tourism potential of the Toda and Irula communities from a historical perspective. It investigates how their traditional lifeways can be thoughtfully integrated into sustainable tourism initiatives in the Nilgiris. Drawing on secondary sources and cultural studies, the paper highlights opportunities for community-led tourism models, while also addressing concerns such as cultural commodification, erosion of authenticity, and lack of agency among tribal groups. The study ultimately advocates for a historically informed, community-centric tourism approach that upholds the cultural integrity of indigenous communities while contributing to their socio-economic well-being.

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Toda tribe, Irula tribe, Nilgiris, tribal tourism, cultural heritage, indigenous communities, sustainable tourism, historical perspective, community-based tourism, intangible heritage

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Abstract Introduction: Diphtheria remains a significant public health concern in many developing regions, including parts of India, where outbreaks continue to affect vulnerable populations, particularly children under five years of age. Despite the availability of preventive vaccines and effective treatment methods, a lack of awareness and proper health practices among caregivers, especially mothers, contributes to the persistence of the disease. In this context, self-instructional modules (SIMs) have emerged as a cost-effective, accessible tool for enhancing health education. Aim: This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of a self-instructional module on improving the knowledge and attitude of mothers regarding the prevention and management of diphtheria in a selected community in Banda, Madhya Pradesh, India, thereby contributing to community-level disease control and child health promotion. Objectives: 1) To assess the pretest level of knowledge regarding prevention and management of diphtheria among mothers of under five children in selected community.2) To assess the pretest level of attitude regarding prevention and management of diphtheria among mothers of under five children in selected community.3) To develop the self-instructional module regarding prevention and management of diphtheria in selected community.4) To administer the self-instructional module on knowledge and attitude regarding prevention and management of diphtheria among mothers of under five children in selected community.5) To assess the post-test level of knowledge regarding prevention and management of diphtheria among mothers of under five children in selected community.6) To assess the post-test level of attitude regarding prevention and management of diphtheria among mothers of under five children in selected community.7) To find out the effectiveness of self-instructional module on knowledge regarding prevention and management of diphtheria among mothers of under five children.8) To find out the effectiveness of self-instructional module on attitude regarding prevention and management of diphtheria among mothers of under five children.9) To determine the association between the pretest level of knowledge regarding prevention and management of diphtheria among mothers of under five children with their selected demographic variables.10) To determine the association between the pretest level of attitude regarding prevention and management of diphtheria among mothers of under five children with their selected demographic variables. Materials and Methods: A quasi-experimental research design with a pre-test and post-test approach was adopted to assess the effectiveness of a self-instructional module (SIM) on knowledge and attitude regarding the prevention and management of diphtheria among mothers of under-five children in a selected community of Banda, Madhya Pradesh, India. The study was conducted among 60 mothers selected through purposive sampling. A structured knowledge questionnaire and a Likert-scale-based attitude assessment tool were developed and validated by experts for data collection. The self-instructional module was administered after the pre-test. After a gap of 7 days, a post-test was conducted using the same tools to evaluate changes in knowledge and attitude. Ethical approval was obtained from the institutional ethical committee, and informed consent was taken from all participants. Data were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics, including paired t-tests and chi-square tests to assess the effectiveness of the intervention and its association with demographic variables. Results: The results of the study indicate a significant improvement in both knowledge and attitude among mothers of under-five children following the administration of the self-instructional module on the prevention and management of diphtheria. The mean knowledge score increased markedly from 7 in the pre-test to 18.95 in the post-test, with a mean difference of 11.95. The standard deviation rose from 2.91 to 3.91, and the computed t-value was 1.0139, demonstrating a substantial gain in knowledge. Similarly, attitude scores improved significantly, with a pre-test mean of 16 rising to 40.82 post-test, yielding a mean difference of 11.34. The standard deviation increased from 4.24 to 4.66, and the computed t-value was 0.0072. These findings collectively suggest that the self-instructional module was effective in enhancing knowledge and positively modifying the attitude of mothers regarding diphtheria, with statistical significance observed at the 0.05 level. Conclusion: Based on the findings of the study, it can be concluded that the self-instructional module on the prevention and management of diphtheria is effective in enhancing both the knowledge and attitude of mothers of under-five children in the selected community of Banda, Madhya Pradesh, India. The post-test scores indicate a significant improvement in the participants' understanding and outlook towards diphtheria after exposure to the module. This suggests that such educational interventions can play a vital role in empowering mothers with essential health information, thereby contributing to better disease prevention and child health outcomes at the community level.

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 Keywords

Key words: Knowledge, attitude, self-instructional module, diphtheria, under five children, under five children's mother.

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