Volume 13 | Issue 8 |

 Abstract

Intelligent Home Security System using Artificial Intelligence is the project undertaken to replace traditional means of security with modern IOT and A.I. based systems. Some commercial products based on image recognition are readily available, but such single security level systems can be easily breached. To overcome these drawbacks, we have implemented an A.I. based 2 level security system that can be easily scaled and can be packed with more features without loss in performance.

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 Keywords

Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, Tensorflow, Image Recognition, Voice Recognition, Spectrogram, IOT, MQTT.

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The period 2017-2021 witnessed a significant recalibration of India-United States relations under the Trump administration. This paper critically analyzes how strategic realignment and transactional diplomacy shaped bilateral ties. It finds that shared strategic interests - notably balancing a rising China - drove deeper defense and security cooperation, even as President Donald Trump's "America First" approach introduced new strains in trade and diplomacy. India and the U.S. tightened their strategic embrace through foundational defense agreements and an expanded Indo-Pacific strategy, realigning India closer to the American security orbit. At the same time, Trump's transactional style - prioritizing trade balances and immediate returns - led to tensions over tariffs, market access, and immigration policies, testing the partnership's resilience. Using a human-centered narrative, the paper evaluates major diplomatic events, defense accords, trade disputes, geopolitical shifts, and episodes of both friction and synergy. It concludes that Indo-US relations advanced on many fronts under Trump's tenure, marked by unprecedented personal camaraderie and strategic convergence, but also endured significant turbulence due to an overtly deal-centered diplomatic ethos. The analysis draws on diverse sources to present an updated, nuanced account of this consequential period, avoiding simplistic or deterministic conclusions. The findings underscore that while structural strategic factors largely kept Indo-US ties on an upward trajectory, transactional diplomacy injected unpredictability, requiring careful management by both New Delhi and Washington.

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 Keywords

Strategic Realignment, Transactional Diplomacy, Indo-US Relations, Trump Administration, Defense Cooperation, Trade Conflicts, Geopolitics, India, United States, Indo-Pacific Strategy, Bilateral Tensions, Tariffs, Immigration Policy, Modi-Trump Relations, Diplomatic Analysis

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Background: Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) is a progressive neuromuscular disorder characterized by muscle weakness, impaired balance, and an increased risk of falls. Early physiotherapy interventions can play a crucial role in maintaining function and reducing fall risk. Case Description: An 8-year-old male child with DMD presented with frequent falls and difficulty performing daily activities such as stair climbing. He exhibited typical signs, including anterior pelvic tilt, waddling gait, and proximal lower limb weakness. The outcome measures used were the Paediatric Balance Scale (PBS) and the Paediatric Functional Reach Test (P-FRT). Intervention: The child received a structured physiotherapy program over two months (four sessions per week) focusing on balance training, lower limb strengthening, stretching, and functional mobility exercises. Outcomes: Post-intervention assessments showed improvement in balance with PBS increasing from 16/56 to 33/56 and P-FRT reach distance improving from 7 cm to 19 cm. The child demonstrated enhanced postural control and reduced fall frequency. Conclusion: Early and consistent physiotherapy interventions can significantly improve balance and reduce fall risk in children with DMD, enhancing functional independence and quality of life.

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DMD, Balance, Fall Risk, Physiotherapy rehabilitation, trampoline

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Abstract: This study investigates the evolving contours of indigeneity in Assam through the lens of tribal politics. It explores how tribal communities have historically constructed and asserted their indigenous identity, shaping their collective consciousness and socio-political agency. The research traces the trajectory of tribal political mobilization, focusing on key demands around land rights, autonomy, and representation. It further analyzes the impact of state interventions particularly the Sixth Schedule and autonomous councils on tribal autonomy and the institutionalization of indigeneity. By examining these dynamics, the study offers critical insights into how tribal politics continues to influence Assam's broader socio-political landscape.

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Keywords: indigeneity, tribal politics, Assam, land rights, autonomy, Sixth Schedule, autonomous councils, political mobilization, tribal identity, socio-political landscape.

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The present study was planned to find out the guidance needs of male and female adolescents studying in Jawahar Navodaya Vidyalayas of Himachal Pradesh with respect to Physical, Social, Psychological, Educational and Vocational Area. The students studying in Jawahar Navodaya Vidyalayas of Himachal Pradesh were selected for study. Data was collected with the help of standardized tool viz. Guidance Needs Inventory (GNI) developed by Dr. J.S Grewal[1]. The statistical technique like Mean, SD and the 't'-test were employed for data analysis. The finding of the study reported no significant difference in Physical, Social, Psychological, Educational, Vocational and Total areas of guidance needs of Male and Female adolescents studying in Jawahar Navodaya Vidyalayas.

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Physical Guidance, Social Guidance, Educational Guidance

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Background: Essential hypertension continues to be a major risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, affecting almost half of the adult population worldwide. Acupuncture at specific cities, such as Liver 3 (LV3), has shown promising results in blood pressure management, given the well-established effect of pharmaceutical interventions. Case Presentation: A 64-year-old man who had just been diagnosed with essential hypertension had daily acupuncture treatments on both LV3 sites for 21 days. The patient did not take any medications, had no significant medical history, and favoured non-pharmacological management. Methods: Blood pressure was measured immediately before and after each Acupuncture session. Statistical analysis included paired t-tests, linear regression, and effect size calculations using Cohen's d. Results: Baseline blood pressure of 180/100 mmHg decreased to 163/90 mmHg by day 21, representing reductions of 17 mmHg systolic and 10 mmHg diastolic pressure. Mean blood pressure reduction per session was 1.95 mmHg systolic and 2.33 mmHg diastolic. Paired t-test analysis revealed highly significant differences (systolic: t = 7.192, p < 0.000001; diastolic: t = 4.121, p < 0.001) with moderate effect sizes (Cohen's d = 0.387 and 0.476, respectively). Linear regression demonstrated consistent downward trends throughout the intervention period. No adverse events occurred. Conclusion: Acupuncture at LV3 over 21 days resulted in clinically significant blood pressure reduction in this patient with essential hypertension. These findings support existing evidence for LV3 acupuncture as a potential complementary therapy for hypertension management, though larger controlled trials are warranted.

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Acupuncture, Liver 3, LV3, Taichong, essential hypertension, blood pressure, traditional Chinese medicine, case study

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This study investigates investor behavior towards bond market investments in India, focusing on the influence of fintech platforms, ESG-oriented green bonds, and investor financial literacy in enhancing retail participation. Using a sample of 200 respondents across Karnataka, the study applies descriptive statistics, ANOVA, and regression analysis to examine the impact of demographic, behavioral, and technological factors on investor preferences and repeated investment decisions. Findings reveal that factors such as age, income, digital readiness, and investor awareness significantly affect bond investment choices, while fintech tools and ESG-focused green bonds foster confidence and participation. The study highlights gaps in financial literacy and digital infrastructure in smaller cities, underscoring the need for targeted digital education, regulatory streamlining, and accessible fintech platforms to expand inclusive and sustainable bond market participation in India.

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Bond Market, Retail Investors, Fintech, Green Bonds, ESG, Investor Awareness, Financial Literacy, India.

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The prompt accurate identification of leaf diseases are crucial for enhancing agricultural productivity and mitigating crop losses. This study introduces a model based on Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) that utilizes transfer learning through EfficientNet-B0 for the intelligent detection of plant leaf diseases. The model was trained and validated using a carefully curated dataset comprising over 10,000 images across various disease categories. We conducted a comparative analysis with three advanced models: Vision Transformer (ViT), ResNet-50. The experimental findings indicate that our proposed model achieved a remarkable classification accuracy of 97.8%, surpassing ViT's 94.2%, ResNet-50's 92.6%. The system's precision, recall, and F1-score were recorded at 98.1%, 97.5%, and 97.8%, respectively. Additionally, the model demonstrates quicker inference times and lower computational requirements. This research presents an effective and scalable solution for real-time implementation in smart agriculture applications, suitable for mobile or embedded systems.

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Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN), Leaf Disease Detection, EfficientNet-B0, Transfer Learning, Smart Agriculture, Deep Learning.

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Health issues like non-communicable diseases (NCDs), obesity, mental health problems and sedentary livelihood of a majority of population in the world often pose a massive threat to the global health and economy. In order to address this emerging issue, G20 nations have been found to encourage the inclusion of cost-friendly approaches like physical activities and sports in the daily lives of people to foster the economy and well-being of their population. This study primarily focuses on comparison of health issues of different types and strategies or health policies undertaken by G20 nations in order to incorporate physical activity and sports in educational institutions and public health sectors. Several barriers pertaining to the promotion of physical health like rapid urbanization, limited accessibility of people to sports facilities alongside cultural and socio-economic issues have been discussed in great detail with emphasis on certain health policies that have been successfully implemented. However, there are still a few challenges faced during policy administration in the nations which have been brought to attention simultaneously and specific recommendations are suggested to overcome them. This paper strongly supports the preparation of proper health policy frameworks for effective global health outcome. Promotion of healthy living standard in people is facilitated by the inclusion of physical activity and sports in school curriculum and at workplace with development and easy accessibility of public infrastructure and sports facilities alongside raising public awareness through discussions in G20 forums with an aim to provide a sustainable solution to emerging health issues.

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 Keywords

Healthy lifestyle, economy, well-being, policies, sustainability

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

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 Keywords

5F's, knowledge, children, effectiveness, VATP.

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