Volume 13 | Issue 8 |

 Abstract

The digital age has led to conceptual changes in human rights and their content, understanding, implementation, and protection. Discussions about expanding the range of both addressees and subjects of human rights are a consequence and, at the same time, a breeding ground for change. New challenges for rights related to technological development, the increasing influence of companies and organisations, the growing use of solutions based on artificial intelligence, and the habit of relying on such solutions have led to the need for a substantial revision of such aspects as the content of individual rights and their catalogue, the definition of the fourth generation of rights as bio-information, and the clarification of the concept of digital rights. Digitalisation, which in a broad sense represents the legal, political, economic, cultural, social, and political changes caused by the use of digital tools and technologies, covers the private and public spheres, revives our understanding of and research into human rights in a horizontal dimension, and influences the revision of their anthropological foundations.

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 Keywords

Human Rights, Artificial Intelligence, Individual Rights

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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India's health insurance landscape has undergone notable transformation in recent years, fuelled by policy interventions, rising health awareness, and increasing healthcare costs. While flagship schemes like Ayushman Bharat-Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana (AB-PMJAY) and the growth of private health insurance have broadened coverage, significant barriers remain in achieving universal, equitable, and affordable healthcare access. This paper examines the current legal and policy structures governing health insurance in India, focusing on core legislations such as the Insurance Act, 1938, and the IRDA Act, 1999, alongside regulations set by the Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority of India (IRDAI). Key issues explored include regulatory gaps, insufficient coverage for marginalised communities, high out-of-pocket expenses, inconsistency across insurance products, and limited mechanisms for grievance redressal. The dual nature of public and private schemes has also led to inefficiencies and overlapping benefits. Further, the paper discusses how judicial pronouncements and constitutional provisions, especially Articles 21 and 47, have shaped the recognition of health as a fundamental right. Looking ahead, the study advocates for integrated policy planning, stronger regulation of private insurers, improved health literacy, digital innovation, and bolstered primary healthcare systems. It calls for the enactment of a comprehensive national health insurance law and a transparent, rights-based framework to close existing coverage gaps. The paper concludes that a cohesive and inclusive approach is vital to achieving Universal Health Coverage (UHC) and ensuring that no citizen is left behind in accessing essential health services.

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 Keywords

Health Insurance, India, Legal Framework, IRDAI, Public Health Policy, Universal Health Coverage (UHC), Ayushman Bharat, Right to Health, Insurance Regulation,

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Soft power in the times of a multipolar world is looked upon as a tool to attain desired outcomes without being coercive or aggressive in nature. In the ongoing times of regional wars between Iran - Israel , Russia- Ukraine , Syrian civil war , conflicts in the Sahel region of Africa and the Horn of Africa it has become even more crucial to concentrate on tools like soft power in order to maintain peace and security in the world . India being one of the emerging world powers does hold a lot of potential with regards to soft power in terms of culture ,values, diaspora, heritage , service sector etc . In this research paper we are going to explore the potential that India's service sector holds as a tool for soft power . This is an attempt to analyze several ways in which India can utilize its service sector as a tool to influence decisions of other countries. We will be looking at the reasons why service sector is providing better opportunities in future as a soft power tool to India compared to the other two sectors of the economy that is the primary and secondary sector. In a nutshell India's service sector holds huge potential in terms of soft power and this potential is yet to be explored. This paper also suggests ways to enhance India's soft power capacity in service sector and become a responsible world leader.

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 Keywords

Soft Power , Service Sector , India

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The increasing demand for natural and safe cosmetic formulations has led to the exploration of plant-based ingredients for skincare applications. The present research aims to formulate and evaluate a polyherbal facial pack using a synergistic blend of herbal powders, namely Terminalia arjuna (Arjuna), Fuller's earth (Multani mitti), Citrus sinensis (Orange peel), Azadirachta indica (Neem), Santalum album (Sandalwood), Rosa centifolia (Rose), Aloe barbadensis (Aloe vera), Curcuma longa (Turmeric), Tinospora cordifolia (Giloy), Crocus sativus (Saffron), Sapindus mukorossi (Soap nut), Cinnamomum verum (Cinnamon), Oryza sativa (Rice flour), and Myristica fragrans (Nutmeg). These ingredients are traditionally known for their antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, exfoliating, cleansing, and rejuvenating properties. The herbal facial pack was prepared in powder form and evaluated through various parameters including organoleptic and morphological characters, phytochemical screening (for flavonoids and terpenoids), physical flow properties (angle of repose, bulk density, tapped density, Hausner's ratio, and Carr's Index), and physicochemical evaluations (pH, moisture content, ash values, particle size, washability, irritancy, and stability). Microbial load determination was conducted to ensure safety and compliance with cosmetic standards. The results confirmed that the prepared formulation exhibited acceptable physical characteristics, was free from microbial contamination, non-irritant, stable under storage conditions, and easily washable. The study concludes that the formulated herbal facial pack is suitable for oily and combination skin types, with potential benefits in reducing acne, excess sebum, and improving overall skin texture and clarity.

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 Keywords

Polyherbal formulation, Facial pack, Herbal cosmetics, Phytochemical screening, Skin care, Oily skin, Anti-acne, Natural ingredients, Physicochemical evaluation, Microbial load.

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Artificial Intelligence (AI) is transforming the digital marketing landscape, primarily by enabling businesses to analyze and predict customer behavior with unprecedented accuracy. This descriptive research paper explores how AI technologies--such as recommendation systems, predictive analytics, and customer segmentation--are being utilized to enhance digital marketing strategies. The paper provides a comprehensive review of current AI tools used in customer behavior analysis and elaborates on their real-world applications. This study aims to summarize the existing literature and technological advancements, insights into how marketers can effectively leverage AI for better consumer targeting, personalization, and strategic decision-making.

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Artificial Intelligence, Customer Behavior, Digital Marketing, Recommendation Systems, Predictive Analytics, Customer Segmentation, Consumer Insights

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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This paper presents a numerical simulation of the steady-state temperature distribution in a square metallic plate using the Finite Difference Method (FDM) implemented in Scilab. The results demonstrate a smooth and physically consistent temperature gradient influenced by the boundary conditions. The study highlights the effectiveness of FDM for solving heat conduction problems and confirms Scilab as a viable open-source tool for engineering simulations related to thermal management in smart buildings.

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Numerical simulation, Finite Difference Method, Boundary conditions, Thermal management in smart buildings.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Epistemology that talks about philosophical truth and falsehood, validity of knowledge, limits of knowledge and nature of knowledge, the knower and the known etc. and is commonly described as study of knowledge and justified belief. This paper explores the rich epistemological traditions of the Muslim and Hindu thinkers and how there are transparent strands connecting these two deep traditions. Analyzing historical readings, philosophical ideas and findings through history, the paper seeks to shed light on the commonalities of the ways in which both the traditions view truth, knowledge and the way things are. It also explores the ways in which conversations between thinkers of the two traditions have not only led to mutual understanding and a deepening of the intellectual discourse by the two schools. When approaching the issue of managing modern-day dilemmas of interfaith relations, the paper focuses on the possibilities of these mutual epistemological frames to become a force of collaboration and dialogue. By recognizing the commonalities in thought, this study advocates for a deeper engagement between Muslim and Hindu communities, promoting a spirit of coexistence and respect in an increasingly pluralistic world. Finally, the study aims at making its contribution to a larger conversation about interfaith dialogue by demonstrating the potential of inter-epistemological bridging to between-and among-beliefs understanding and connectivity.

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Epistemology, Similarities, Muslim, Hindu, Islam, Hinduism, Interfaith Dialogue

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The present study investigated the relationship between selected anthropometrical variables and their impact on javelin throwing performance This study aimed to examine the relationship between selected upper and lower limb anthropometric parameters and javelin throwing performance. The sample consisted of five top-level javelin throwers representing Indian Railways in the 88th All India Inter Railway Athletics Championship (2023-24), with an average performance of 66.80 meters. Anthropometric measurements included full arm length (FAL), upper arm length (UAL), lower arm length (LAL), full leg length (FLL), upper leg length (ULL), and lower leg length (LLL). Correlation analysis revealed a statistically significant and strong positive relationship between throwing distance and both FAL (r = 0.888, p = 0.044) and LAL (r = 0.935, p = 0.020), suggesting that longer arm segments contribute to enhanced lever mechanics and release efficiency. While UAL showed a positive trend (r = 0.767), it did not reach statistical significance (p = 0.130). Leg segment lengths demonstrated moderate, yet statistically insignificant, positive correlations with performance, indicating a potential but less decisive role in supporting stride dynamics and stability. These findings highlight the relevance of upper limb proportions--especially full and lower arm lengths--as key predictors of javelin throwing success and emphasize their value in athlete assessment, training optimization, and talent identification processes.

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 Keywords

The present study investigated the relationship between selected anthropometrical variables and their impact on javelin throwing performance This study aimed to examine the relationship between selected upper and lower limb anthropometric parameters and javelin throwing performance. The sample consisted of five top-level javelin throwers representing Indian Railways in the 88th All India Inter Railway Athletics Championship (2023-24), with an average performance of 66.80 meters. Anthropometric m

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In the quickly evolving digital age, social networking sites (SNS), such as Facebook, Instagram, WhatsApp etc., become increasingly important in the lives of teenagers. They have an impact on teens' brain development in addition to how they interact with one another. This study looks at how students in higher secondary schools in Odisha (Arts, Science, and Commerce) utilize social networking sites (SNS) and how it affects their ability to think critically. In order to determine whether there were changes in the critical thinking abilities of 150 students (50 from each stream) based on the degree to which they used social networking sites, we used paired t-tests, two-sample t-tests, and ANOVA. The results show that SNS has a statistically significant impact on the critical thinking abilities of students studying the arts and sciences, but not those studying commerce. The Comparative studies and ANOVA also showed that the effects of SNS on different streams had wildly disparate outcomes. According to the findings, children in both streams need different digital education techniques, and they should use social media responsibly to help their brains develop.

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 Keywords

Social Networking Sites (SNS), Critical Thinking, Higher Secondary Students, Academic Streams, Digital Literacy, Cognitive Development

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The rapid advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) has revolutionized content creation, leading to increasingly sophisticated outputs such as literature, music, art, and code generated with minimal or no human input. However, this technological evolution has outpaced the development of legal frameworks, particularly in the realm of copyright law. Traditional copyright systems are built upon the notion of human authorship, leaving AI-generated content in a legal grey area. This paper critically examines the existing legal lacuna surrounding the ownership and protection of AI-generated works. It explores global perspectives, including approaches by jurisdictions such as the United States, the United Kingdom, and India, and highlights the inconsistencies and challenges in attributing authorship and rights. The study argues that the current copyright regime inadequately addresses the complexities of machine-generated creativity, thereby posing significant risks to creators, developers, and users. Through a doctrinal and comparative legal analysis, the paper underscores the urgent need for legal reform to redefine authorship and ownership in the age of artificial intelligence.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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AI-generated content, copyright law, intellectual property, artificial intelligence, machine creativity, legal lacuna, ownership rights, doctrinal analysis.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition