Volume 13 | Issue 8 |

 Abstract

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is no longer a futuristic concept but a present-day force reshaping business landscapes globally. From automating routine tasks to driving strategic decision-making, AI has become a catalyst for innovation, efficiency, and competitiveness in various industries. This paper explores the role of AI in business operations, marketing, customer service, and supply chain management. It also highlights real-world case studies and evaluates the challenges and ethical considerations businesses face in AI adoption. The article concludes by emphasizing the importance of integrating AI responsibly to foster sustainable growth and innovation.

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 Keywords

Artificial Intelligence, Business Transformation, Automation, Strategic Decision-Making, Innovation, AI Ethics, Case Studies

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Initial Public Offering (IPO) is the process of issuing shares to the public for the first time by an issuing company to the public directly (McDougal et al., 2019). To raise the required capital for the business, most organizations go for public issues, and IPO is an important source among them. But sometimes there will be a huge difference between the issue price and listing price, as happened in a recent Hyundai Motors IPO, post-listing on stock exchanges, and one-month, two-month, and three-month performance of IPOs. Therefore, this paper aims to study the short-term performance of IPO listed on the NSE. The data has been collected from the NSE official website from 10th Feb 2024 -10th Oct 2024. The Listing Day, One month, Two Months, Three months, Six months, and One-year average returns are calculated for analysis. This paper found that most of the IPOs are mispriced, and it was found that there was a massive difference between the Issue price and the listing price. Thus, this paper suggests that before investing in any IPOs, investors should evaluate the past performance of a company and should be cautious enough to decide on investments in IPOs. This paper is helpful for investors, stock broking houses, QIBs, etc., in making proper investment decisions.

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IPO, Initial Return, NSE, QIBs, Short-term Performances, Investors, Issue Price, Listing Price, etc

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This study explores how poverty directly influences educational decisions in underdeveloped rural regions of Jammu and Kashmir. Through a structured survey of 150 respondents--students, parents, and teachers--it uncovers the emotional, financial, and practical choices families face when survival outweighs schooling. Results show that poverty leads to early dropouts, irregular attendance, and limited career aspirations. The study calls for systemic interventions to ensure no child is forced to choose between livelihood and learning.

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JEL Classification: I24, O15

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This research paper is all about the "Adaptation and Preference of Consumers towards internet Banking" It entails the impact and effects of online payment application .This paper describes about branchless banking , different branchless-banking services and preferences of consumers towards branchless banking in detail. The study was conducted in Cuttack city and the survey was collected through a structured questionnaire. A descriptive study was conducted through which 111 responses was collected. The paper also describes about Cashless transactions like transactions through e-wallets, have various benefits . This paper conclude that branchless banking represents a significant opportunity for enhancing financial inclusion and meeting the diverse needs of consumers. By embracing this shift and addressing the associated challenges, financial institutions can better serve their customers and pave the way for a more accessible and efficient banking environment. As the industry continues to evolve, maintaining a consumer-centric approach will be essential for fostering sustainable growth and ensuring the long-term success of branchless banking initiatives.

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Internet Banking, e-wallets, financial inclusion, Banking initiatives

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Enhancing images captured in low-light conditions is crucial for improving visibility and overall quality, which directly benefits a wide range of computer vision tasks. However, traditional methods and many learning-based models often struggle in real-world environments due to issues like overfitting, poor generalization, or high computational demands. In this study, we investigate a novel low-light image enhancement framework called Self-Calibrated Illumination (SCI), designed to be efficient, adaptable, and effective in practical scenarios. SCI employs a cascaded illumination estimation strategy combined with a unique self-calibrated module, enabling the model to deliver high quality enhancement with low computational overhead. Unlike typical deep learning models that require multiple processing blocks during inference, SCI achieves comparable or better results using a single lightweight block, thanks to its convergence focused training approach. Through comprehensive experiments on benchmark datasets, we validate SCI's advantage in both image quality and performance efficiency. This report provides an in-depth exploration of SCI's methodology, implementation details, and evaluation, positioning it as a strong candidate for real-world low-light image enhancement.

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 Keywords

Low-Light Image Enhancement, Self-Calibrated Illumination (SCI), Real-Time Image Processing, ONNX Runtime Deployment, Unsupervised Deep Learning, Edge Device Optimization, Illumination Map Estimation, Cascaded Weight Sharing Architecture

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Transgenders has been a part of the Indian subcontinent since the time immemorial. The transgender community is one of the most marginalised and vulnerable section in the society and for decades, the community has struggled for acceptance, equality and social identity. As per 2011 census, the total population of transgenders in India is around 4.88 lakh, and in Odisha the population is approximately 20,300 but the majority of them are invisible in mainstream society. Odisha is the first region in India to givesocial welfare benefitsto transgender people such aspension, housing and food grains. These benefitsare aimed at improving their overall socio-economic status with an objective to empower the community and strengthen their livelihood. In 2017, the Government ofOdisha formulated an umbrella scheme 'Sweekruti' to secure the rights of transgender community and ensure equitable justice. The scheme aims to provide legal aid, counselling and guidance services for transgender persons. In 2014, their hard fought battlesled toa milestonevictory whenIndia's apexCourt finallyrecognized transgender personas a "third gender".But unfortunately, the transgender community were remain an ignored and neglected segment of our society and faced pervasive discrimination, despite various protectiveprovisions underlying in thegovernment policy . Transgender individuals often face discrimination, marginalization, and exclusion in almost all aspects of socio-economic life, including employment, housing, education, and healthcare. This exclusion has a significant impact on their quality of life and on their inclusion process. Their constant social ignorance or disregard at the hands of general people create constant hindrance in their social inclusion process. Withthis backdrop, the present paper explores the innovative measures taken up by the state government through social entrepreneurship schemes for empowering and creating a new identity for the transgender community.Further objective is to examine and asses the implementation andimpact ofvarious government policies and bring out a constructive plan and solution to their problems.

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 Keywords

Transgender Community,Inclusiveecosystem, Social identity.

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This paper provides a comparative analysis of women's rights and duties as delineated in the sacred texts of Islam (the Qur'an and Sunnah) and Christianity (the Bible). Utilizing a scriptural-textual method supported by academic literature, it juxtaposes the tenets of both faiths across spiritual, economic, and socio-legal domains. The analysis finds that Islam established a comprehensive and historically progressive framework of rights for women in its 7th-century context, founded on an unambiguous doctrine of spiritual equality. This contrasts with the more ambiguous theological paradigms in Christian scripture, which contain tensions between egalitarian principles and patriarchal injunctions. The paper concludes that many contemporary challenges to women's rights stem from patriarchal cultural interpretations rather than the core texts, positioning an authentic reading of Islamic scripture as a source of liberation and justice for women.

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 Keywords

Women's Rights, Islam, Christianity, Patriarchy

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Marriage is like a lot of things that we hold pretty sacred - it is not just legal; it is a special friendship, compassion, loyalty, tenderness, love, and mutual respect. But beneath that very structure there's a shadow of a reality, dark and largely unacknowledged -- marital rape. Marital rape -- non-consensual sexual intercourse between a husband and his wife -- is a gross violation of bodily autonomy and human dignity. It is, however, not a crime in India, owing to the farcical Exception 2 to Section 375 of the Indian Penal Code, which, in effect, offers immunity to husbands on the count of rape committed within marriage. This study paper provides a critical consideration of conjugal rape as a major social nuisance, which damages the ideals of marriage instead of securing them. It examines the historical and cultural justifications behind the non-criminalisation of marital rape in India and the patriarchal presumption of implied consent` in marriage, as well as the systemic silencing of survivors. Quoting the international legal frameworks and the obligations under various international human rights conventions, especially CEDAW and the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, the research paper argues for the urgent need of amending the law in India to radically compeer with the principles of equality, dignity and consent. The study above also emphasizes the devastating psychological, physical, and social consequences confronted by marital rape survivors -- countering arguments of how it might be misused and shatter the sanctity of marriage. The paper, through legal analysis, case studies and recommendations, ultimately finds that criminalising marital rape is not an attack on marriage, but rather a target of its needing to reshape into a true partnership based on respect and equity. The legal recognition of marital rape was overdue and a necessary step toward justice and re-establishing the sanctity of the marital bond.

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 Keywords

Marital rape , Criminalisation, Sexual violence , Consent in marriage, Gender-based violence, Legal reform , Human rights, Intimate partner violence, Feminist legal theory, Marital immunity, Rape laws, Patriarchy and law, Victim rights, Comparative legal analysis, Domestic violence legislation.

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The success of Dubai in morphing into a centre of tourism and business in the international community around the world is one of the most prominent examples of strategic economic diversification. The paper discusses the way that visionary planning, alongside the audacious infrastructure development, would make this transformation possible. With iconic developments like the Burj Khalifa, the Palm Jumeirah, and the artificial rain (cloud seeding) project as the case studies, the research attempts to understand how advanced engineering with the support of adaptive project management and innovative technologies has been utilized to fulfil numerous objectives, namely, economic growth, international branding, and sustainable urban development. The discussion relies on technical reports, peer literature and industry case studies to present a tendency of a strict, yet flexible organisation which enabled the vast prominent projects to surpass technological, environmental and financial shortfalls. By marketing infrastructure as a utility and a brand-building tool, Dubai has been able to turn tourism into a leading sector and currently, this industry contributes a significant percentage to its GDP, with oil income developments having played a little role. The paper concludes that the combination of visionary leadership, technological ambition, and the ability to adapt in the execution strategy that has been employed in Dubai develops an imitable example of resilience and growth that other resource-dependent economies should pursue in the post-oil world.

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Burj Khalifa, Palm Jumeirah, Artificial Rain, Analemma Tower, EVM, Waterfall Approach, Project Management

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Gender equality is a fundamental requirement for a fair and balanced legal system. In India, legal reforms over the decades have primarily focused on protecting women from historical injustices and gender-based violence. However, in the process, several provisions have developed a tilt that tends to overlook the realities faced by men and other gender identities. This paper critically assesses the female-centric character of Indian laws in the context of the new Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita (BNS) and Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita (BNSS), 2023. It further expands the scope to include civil laws, such as those dealing with maintenance and alimony, to highlight the continued gender imbalance and calls for a shift towards practical gender neutrality in lawmaking and judicial interpretation.

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 Keywords

Gender Equality, Gender Neutrality, Indian Legal Reforms, BNS 2023, BNSS 2023, Civil Law, Gender Bias

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition