Volume 13 | Issue 7 |

 Abstract

Pyrazole and its derivatives are a class of organic compounds that have garnered significant attention in medicinal chemistry and organic synthesis due to their diverse biological activities and versatile applications. These five-membered heterocyclic rings, containing two nitrogen atoms, serve as valuable scaffolds for developing a wide range of therapeutic agents. There are several applications of pyrazole core based organic molecules in various areas including pharmacy and agro-chemical industries. There is various method used for manufacture of pyrazole and its derivative. The purpose of the review was to collect various pharmacological actions which was reported in recent years made on its moiety. Pyrazole and its derivatives are prepared by dehydrogenating 2-pyrazoline or its derivative by process in which the reaction is carried out using sulfuric acid in the presence of iodine or of an iodine compound. Taking into considerations diversity in the biological activity, this nucleus has attracted attention of many researchers to study its skeleton chemically and biologically. This review highlights the different synthesis methods and the pharmacological properties of pyrazole derivatives. Development of pyrazole an its derivative has been reported by many scientists in decades.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Pyrazole, Synthesis, Scheme of pyrazole

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Abstract: Self-Compacting Concrete (SCC) is a novel concrete that can fully compact without vibration by flowing under its own weight. Its performance characteristics are greatly improved by the addition of additional materials. Because pozzolanic reactions can improve workability, decrease permeability, and increase long-term strength, pozzolanic materials like fly ash, silica fume, metakaolin, and ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) are frequently utilized in SCC. However, non-pozzolanic materials such as marble dust, quarry dust, and limestone powder mainly serve as inert fillers, adding to the mix's rheological characteristics and packing density without chemically reacting. In SCC formulations, the combination of pozzolanic and non-pozzolanic materials promotes environmental sustainability, cost effectiveness, and optimal performance. In order provide a comprehensive understanding of their impact on the properties of both fresh and hardened concrete, this paper examines the roles, advantages and shortcomings of both material types in SCC.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Key words- Self Compacting Concrete, Mineral Admixtures,Concrete, Pozzolanic.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

This study explores strategies to enhance brand awareness for Fastrack watches. Through analyzing various marketing approaches, it finds that social media campaigns and influencer marketing significantly boost brand visibility among target audiences. Additionally, experiential marketing--such as events and product demos--also contributes positively. These findings suggest that watch companies can increase brand awareness, market share, and competitiveness by adopting these strategies. The research offers valuable insights for brands aiming to strengthen their market position.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

experiential marketing, marketing approaches, market position

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

This article explores the complex cultural interactions between humans and animals in pre colonial Mizoram, focusing on the significance of ethnozoology within Mizo society. It examines how various wild and domesticated animals played vital roles in shaping the social, economic, and spiritual fabric of the community. Revered species such as tigers, elephants, and mithun, along with domesticated animals like dogs, pigs, and chickens, were integral to Mizo cultural practices, from hunting and rituals to trade and status symbols. The study highlights the nuanced relationships between the Mizos and the animal world, where animals were not only sources of sustenance and ritual objects but also cultural markers that defined community identity and cohesion. Through a comprehensive analysis of historical and oral sources, this article sheds light on the diverse nature of human-animal relationships in the traditional Mizo context, demonstrating their profound impact on the socio-cultural and spiritual life of the people.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Ethnozoology, Pre-colonial Mizoram, Human-Animal interactions, Cultural Practices, Indigenous Knowledge

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Turmeric (Curcuma longa), a widely cultivated medicinal crop, is highly susceptible to fungal infections that impact its yield and quality. This study aimed to isolate and characterize pathogenic fungi from infected turmeric rhizomes and leaves collected across nine talukas in the Parbhani district. Morphological and microscopic identification revealed ten fungal species: Alternaria alternata, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger, Colletotrichum curcumae, Colletotrichum gloeosporiodes, Curvularia lunata, Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium proliferatum, Fusarium solani and Rhizoctonia solani. The hydrolytic enzyme activity of the fungal isolates was assessed to evaluate their pathogenic potential. Cellulase and protease activity were quantified using spectrophotometric assays, revealing significant enzymatic variability among species. Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, Colletotrichum capsici, and Pythium aphanidermatum exhibited the highest cellulase and protease activities, suggesting a strong capacity for tissue degradation and pathogenicity. Fusarium solani, Fusarium proliferatum, and Rhizoctonia solani also demonstrated considerable enzymatic activity, further supporting their role in host tissue colonization. In contrast, Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus niger exhibited lower enzyme activity, indicating the possibility of alternative pathogenic mechanisms. The results highlight the role of hydrolytic enzymes in fungal virulence, contributing to turmeric crop deterioration. Understanding these enzymatic capabilities can aid in developing targeted disease management strategies. This study provides essential knowledge into the pathogenic behaviour of fungal isolates, offering a foundation for future research on biocontrol approaches and resistant cultivar development to mitigate turmeric diseases.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Curcuma longa, pathogenic fungi, hydrolytic enzyme, cellulase, protease.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The existence of the Regulation of the Ministry of Internal Affairs (Kemendagri) of the Republic of Indonesia in 2022 Number 72 concerning Standards and Specifications for Hardware, Software and Electronic Identity Card Stamps as well as the Implementation of Digital Population Identity (IKD), then the Cirebon City Population and Civil Registration Office to carry out the Regulations of the Ministry of Home Affairs by implementing the Digital Population Identity (IKD) Application as a substitute for the Identity Card (KTP). However, the implementation has not been optimal, because of the low public awareness in using the Digital Population Identity Application (IKD) due to the non-achievement of the set target of 30%, but in Cirebon City it only reached 15.30%. This study uses Qualitative Methods and Quantitative SWOT Analysis to determine the Strategy for Optimizing the Digital Population Identity Application at the Population and Civil Registration Office of Cirebon City. The results of this study indicate that the use of the Digital Population Identity Application (IKD) at the Population and Civil Registration Office of Cirebon City has not been fully optimized from the aspects of Electronic Use, Effective and Efficient. The strategy used to optimize this is the Diversification strategy, namely the strength to deal with threats to the use of the application.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Effective, Efficient, IKD, KTP, Strategy.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

This research discusses how Prilly Latuconsina's "Independent Woman" (Cewek Independent) narrative is constructed in relation to women's emancipation. Using Sara Mills' Critical Discourse Analysis approach, this research examines the role of the media, particularly CNBC Indonesia, in shaping and disseminating the narrative, as well as exploring the public's response to it.Data was collected through analysis of online news coverage, social media, and responses from Prilly's followers, using a descriptive qualitative method. The results showed that the media not only framed Prilly as a figure who voiced an opinion, but also made her part of a broader discourse construction. On the one hand, the "Independent Woman" narrative is considered a positive symbol of female empowerment, but on the other hand, it is criticized for not paying enough attention to the structural challenges that women still face in a patriarchal system. This analysis reveals that the public has mixed views on this concept, some considering it a form of independence that should be supported, while others emphasize the importance of balance between personal achievement and social roles. This research highlights the importance of media literacy for the public to better understand how gender discourse is constructed, and emphasizes the need for media responsibility in presenting fairer representations of gender equality issues.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Independent woman, media, gender equality, critical discourse, Sara Mills.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Consumer adoption of organic food remains limited despite increasing awareness of its perceived health and environmental benefits. This study synthesizes global literature and empirical findings to identify prominent barriers. High price premiums--stemming from labor-intensive farming, lower yields, and certification costs--consistently emerge as the most significant hurdle. Limited availability and product variety, along with accessibility issues such as inconvenient store locations, poor shelf placement, and shorter shelf life, further reduce consumer uptake. Skepticism and mistrust about labeling and certification--driven by green washing, farm washing, and complex certification systems--create uncertainty about product authenticity and safety. Additional psychological and behavioral barriers include value-action and intention-behavior gaps: even with positive attitudes, consumers often refrain from purchasing due to budget constraints, habitual habits, time pressure, and limited knowledge . These findings highlight the need for policy, industry, and retailers to improve price competitiveness, expand distribution, enhance transparency, and strengthen consumer education to effectively bridge the gap between intent and behaviour in organic food consumption.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Green washing, farm washing, habitual habits, Time pressure.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

ABSTRACT The futures and options (F&O) market plays a pivotal role in modern financial systems, offering investors tools for hedging, speculation, and portfolio diversification. This study examines the structure, functioning, and economic significance of the F&O market, with a particularfocusonthetaxationpoliciesthatgovernit.Throughadetailedanalysisofregulatory frameworks and tax treatment of F&O transactions, the study explores how tax policies influence investor behavior, market participation, and compliance burdens. Drawing on empirical data and case studies, the research highlights the challenges of classifying F&O income,theimplicationsoftaxreportingrequirements,andtheeffectsofrecentpolicychanges. Thepaperalsoassessestheadequacyofcurrenttaxregulationsinpromotingtransparencyand efficiency, while ensuring equitable tax collection. By bridging the gap between financial innovation and tax policy, this study provides actionable insights for policymakers, investors, and tax practitioners navigating the evolving landscape of derivative markets. Futures and Options (F&O)

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Key words: Derivative Markets, Financial Derivatives, Hedging Speculation, Portfolio Diversification Taxation Policies, Tax Treatment of Derivatives, Regulatory Framework

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Abstract Coal is one of the important mineral resources that mankind has been able to use to uplift the economy and sustain the community. In the Khasi-Jaintia hills, coal was reported to the Governor-General-in-Council about the presence of coal seams by Mr. James Stark in 1815. In the beginning, the demand for Khasi-Jaintia coal was less. But after experimenting with the coal at the foundry in Calcutta, it was found out that the Cherrapoonjee coal produces less ash than the coal used by the boat steamers in the Ganga-Doab region. This compels the British to send a surveyor to trace the presence of coal seams in the entire Khasi-Jaintia hills. Thus, later on coal seam was discovered beyond Cherrapoonjee. Later on, good and better quality of coal were found in the Jaintia hills, especially in the Lakadong village and its adjoining villages. By the beginning of the twentieth century, the government realized the high value of the coal from the Jaintia hills, opening a tender for any merchants to invest in coal mining, which accelerated the development of unscientific mining of coal in the post-independence era.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Coal, Khasi-Jaintia, seams, mining.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition