Volume 13 | Issue 7 |

 Abstract

The current project aims to investigate the potential of sustainable alternatives to Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) by partially replacing it with Fly Ash and Rice Husk Ash (RHA), both of which are widely available industrial and agricultural by-products. Specifically, the study focuses on developing and testing concrete in which 40% of the OPC is replaced--20% with Fly Ash and 20% with RHA--while the remaining 60% retains conventional cement. This approach not only seeks to reduce the dependency on cement, which is known for its high carbon emissions during production, but also to utilize materials that are often treated as waste, thereby contributing to environmental conservation and resource efficiency. The primary objective of the study is to assess whether this blended concrete mix can match or exceed the performance of standard M20 grade OPC concrete in terms of mechanical strength and workability. A series of concrete specimens were prepared following IS code guidelines, using consistent mix proportions and locally sourced aggregates. Three main types of mechanical tests were performed: compressive strength at 3, 7, and 28 days; split tensile strength; and flexural strength at 28 days. All specimens were subjected to water curing, and no chemical activators or admixtures were used, making the process simpler and more suitable for rural or low-resource settings. Fly Ash, a fine powder by-product of coal combustion in thermal power plants, and RHA, produced by controlled burning of rice husks, both possess pozzolanic properties that enhance the long-term strength and durability of concrete. Their inclusion not only aids in reducing the environmental footprint of construction materials but also offers an efficient method of waste management. Moreover, the proposed mix shows potential in cost reduction by decreasing the quantity of cement required, which is especially beneficial for developing countries where infrastructure growth is high and budget constraints are common. This project contributes meaningfully to global sustainability efforts and is closely aligned with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). It supports SDG 9 (Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure) by introducing environmentally responsible materials into mainstream construction; SDG 11 (Sustainable Cities and Communities) by encouraging the development of resilient and cost-effective infrastructure; and SDG 13 (Climate Action) by addressing carbon emissions from cement usage and promoting the use of waste-derived alternatives. Overall, the findings from this project are expected to provide a practical foundation for future research and application of green concrete technology in the construction industry.

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 Keywords

Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC), Fly Ash, Rice Husk Ash (RHA), Industrial By-products, Agricultural Waste.

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Chalcogenide semiconductor thin films, comprising elements from Group VI (S, Se, Te) and Groups IV-VI metals (e.g., Cd, Pb, Sn, In, Cu, Ga), have gained immense attention for their versatile optical and electrical properties. These materials exhibit a tunable band gap, high absorption coefficients, and cost-effective fabrication, making them suitable for diverse applications, including photovoltaics, photo detectors, thermoelectric, and phase-change memory devices. This review provides a comprehensive summary of the synthesis techniques, structural and optoelectronic properties, and emerging applications of key chalcogenide thin films such as CdSe, CdTe, SnS, CuInSe?, and GeTe. Emphasis is placed on how doping, nanostructuring, and fabrication processes influence film characteristics and performance. The review concludes with current challenges and future prospects in this rapidly evolving field.

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Chalcogenide thin films, semiconductor, CdSe, SnS, CuInSe?, photovoltaics, thermoelectric, doping, chemical synthesis, band gap engineering

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ABSTRACT: 1. Background of the study: Patients diagnosed with lung cancer often face a multitude of challenges, including not only the physical burden of disease and its treatment, but also severe psychological distress such as anxiety, depression, and a reduced quality of life. Nurse-led interventions have emerged as a promising strategy in cancer care. Nurses, being at the forefront of patient interaction, play a pivotal role in health education, symptom management, emotional support, and continuity of care. Nurse-led care can significantly improve adherence to treatment, enhance symptom control, and reduce psychological distress among cancer patients.2 Objectives: The objective of the study was To assess the level of clinical and psychological parameters of patients suffering with Lung Cancer in the experimental group and control group, to evaluate the effectiveness of Nurse Led Interventions on clinical and psychological parameters of patients suffering with Lung Cancer in experimental group, to compare the pre-test and post-test score on the level of clinical and psychological parameters of patients suffering with Lung Cancer in experimental group and control group, to determine the correlation between pre-test level of clinical and psychological parameters of patients suffering with Lung Cancer in experimental group and control group and to find out the association of pre-test level of clinical and psychological parameters with their selected socio-demographic variables of experimental group and control group. Methodology: An evaluative study was conducted among 20 Patients suffering with lung cancer of HCG Cancer Hospital Hubballi, Redon Cancer Hospital, Hubballi, Karnataka cancer research institution, Hubballi. Non-probability, purposive sampling technique was used to select the sample. The research design used for the study was Quasi-experimental, Non-equivalent Pre-test Post-test Control group design. Results: The study results revealed that, there is statistically significant difference in clinical parameter scores in the experimental group, but not in the control group. The psychological parameter scores improved significantly in the experimental group only. A significant correlation exists between clinical and psychological parameters in the experimental group. Some socio-demographic variables were significantly associated with the pre-test levels of clinical & psychological parameters. Conclusion: The study concluded that the Information education communication approach was effective in terms of gain in knowledge scores of the subjects regarding nurse-led interventions led to a significant and sustained reduction in quality of life among lung cancer patients, with a more pronounced reduction observed in the experimental group compared to the control group. Key words: Lung cancer, nurse-led interventions, Clinical parameter, Breathing difficulty, Fatigue, Pain, psychological parameters, Anxiety, Depression, Quality of life and Effectiveness.

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Lung cancer, nurse-led interventions, Clinical parameter, Breathing difficulty, Fatigue, Pain, psychological parameters, Anxiety, Depression, Quality of life and Effectiveness.

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My favorite collection of stories is 'Motherhood Observations'

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My favorite collection of stories is 'Motherhood Observations'

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Abstract Introduction: Reproductive health is an essential aspect of human well-being that includes the rights, choices, and intended results related to reproduction. Aim: The main objective of the study is to study the reproductive health status and to find out the awareness of reproductive health among the individuals. Methods: The study was done in Bedangpaju village of Kandhamal district. Cross-sectional study of village women's reproductive health. The data was collected among 162 married women . Using random sampling, data were collected. Reproductive health was assessed using a questionnaire. Surveys collected data. MS Excel means and percentage functions performed statistical analysis. Results: A study in Bedangpaju village, Kandhamal district, found that premature childbirth is common, with factors like self-interest and family pressure contributing. Traditional therapeutic approaches are preferred, and 82 individuals showed an increasing older population, emphasizing the need for customized healthcare services. Conclusion: The study on reproductive health in Bedangpaju village highlights challenges, traditional methods, and need for inclusive education. It emphasizes the importance of consistent menstrual cycles, nutritious diets, and targeted interventions.

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Reproductive health, Pregnancy, miscarriage, Menstrual, Menopause

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This study explores the practices, challenges, and effectiveness of Human Resource Management (HRM) and Payroll Management at Oscar Infrastructure, a growing player in the construction and infrastructure development sector. The research aims to evaluate how HRM functions--such as recruitment, training, performance appraisal, and employee engagement-- are integrated with payroll systems to ensure operational efficiency, legal compliance, and employee satisfaction. Using a mixed-methods approach, including employee surveys, interviews with HR personnel, and analysis of payroll processes, the study identifies key areas of strength such as digital integration and timely disbursement, as well as areas for improvement, including transparency, policy communication, and workforce planning. Findings suggest that while Oscar Infrastructure has implemented foundational HR and payroll systems, greater investment in automation, data analytics, and employee self-service platforms could enhance overall productivity and organizational climate. The study concludes with recommendations to align HRM strategies with long-term business goals and to modernize payroll practices to better serve a growing and diverse workforce.

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Payroll processing, Employee relations, Performance management, Recruiting, Onboarding, Benefits administration, Compensation

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In India the logistics sector depends mainly on its truck drivers--individuals , who work long hours under often difficult and stressful conditions. This study explores the occupational stress and mental well-being of truck drivers at Exim Logistics, a logistics company operating across eastern and central India. We have conducted necessary surveys and interviews with 75 drivers, we also examined the sources of stress continuing with them , impact of stress on their personal and professional lives, It is observed Exim's interventions like health camps and family-focused programs . Our overall experience and results show improved retention reduced stress-related absenteeism and better confidence, Observations taken on how HR-led strategies can make a meaningful difference.

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occupational stress, truck drivers, mental health, Indian logistics, Exim Logistics, employee wellness, HR practices

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Contract farming has emerged as a significant model of agricultural commercialization in India, offering small farmers an opportunity to link directly with agribusiness firms and organized markets. This study explores the extent, patterns, and socio-economic impact of contract farming on smallholders in Baghpat district, Uttar Pradesh. It investigates how contractual arrangements influence farmers' income, cropping choices, standard of living, and access to inputs and markets. Additionally, the study examines the types of companies involved, the nature of contracts offered, and the benefits and challenges experienced by farmers under such agreements. Through field-level surveys and interviews with 200 small farmers, the study captures qualitative and quantitative insights into contract farming's role in transforming rural livelihoods. Special attention is given to variations based on age, caste, and education, to understand the inclusivity and equity of such models. The research highlights that while contract farming can provide benefits such as assured pricing, input support, and technical guidance, farmers often face challenges related to delayed payments, lack of written agreements, and limited legal awareness. The findings suggest that although contract farming has the potential to enhance rural development, its success depends on fair contractual practices, effective grievance redressal mechanisms, and policy support to protect smallholders' interests. The study recommends strengthening legal frameworks, promoting written contracts, forming farmer producer organizations (FPOs), and enhancing legal literacy among farmers. By focusing on the case of Baghpat, the research contributes to a deeper understanding of contract farming's viability as a tool for inclusive agricultural growth.

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Contract farming, small farmers, Baghpat, socio-economic impact, primary data, agriculture.

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Introduction :-The most common refractive error in childhood is hyperopia. The term hyperopia refers to the refractive condition of the eye where parallel light rays coming from the infinity are focused behind the neurosensory retina (after refraction through the ocular media ) when accommodation is at rest. Individuals with uncorrected hyperopia may experience symptoms such as blurred vision, asthenopia (e.g., headaches and eyestrain) while reading, accommodative/binocular dysfunction, amblyopia, and/or strabismus Aim :- To evaluate the efficacy of tarpan and nasya procedures along with internal use of ras aushadi in the treatment of hyperopia. Method and materials:- A 12 years old female approached OPD no.4 , shalakya tantra ,DY PATIL SCHOOL OF AYURVEDA, NAVI MUMBAI, complaining of blurring vision of distance and near vision since 2years.She was assessed with retinoscopy and fundoscopy .Ayurvedic local kriyakalp procedures done along with oral intake of ras aushadis. Result: After 3 months of treatment showed significant improvement in vision. Conclusion: .Hence it can be said that Ayurvedic medicine and procedures can be useful in the management of hyperopia and refractive error.

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Hyperopia, ras aushadi ,tarpan, refractive error

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 Abstract

Swami Vivekananda Ke Chintan Mein Karmayoga

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Swami Vivekananda Ke Chintan Mein Karmayoga

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