Volume 11 | Issue 7 |

 Abstract

The growth of any economy is often reliant on capital, and in the case of a developing country like India, domestic capital alone is insufficient to meet the demands of the economy. Hence, foreign investment plays a significant role. Foreign investment can be categorized into two forms: Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and Foreign Institutional Investment (FII). FDI is generally considered a more stable form of foreign capital compared to FII. However, the inflows and outflows of FIIs have a direct impact on the stock market. Consequently, FIIs have gained prominence in India's stock market. This research aims to analyze the trend and pattern of FII flows in India, as well as the link between FIIs and the Sensex, which is the most widely recognized and systematic stock market index used by market participants for benchmarking purposes. The study focuses on examining the influence of FIIs on the Indian stock market using data from the past 17 years. By studying the FII-Sensex relationship, the research aims to shed light on the impact of FII activities on stock market performance in India.

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 Keywords

FII, Stock Market, Foreign Capital, Capital Market

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Commerce education has played a significant role in the context of liberalization, globalization, and privatization, which have greatly impacted the education system in India. It is considered one of the key contributors to the country's economic growth. The higher education sector in India is estimated to be around $40 billion annually, with business education being a crucial component of commerce education. Unlike other disciplines, commerce education is dynamic and distinct, focusing on providing the knowledge, skills, and attitudes necessary for successfully navigating the realms of commerce, trade, and industry. Commerce education equips individuals with the input required to meet the demands of the competitive business environment. It offers the right guidance and direction for growth and survival in the business world, acting as a pathway to success. The expansion of commerce education in this area is a testament to its growing acceptance as a source of skills development, awareness, creativity, and prosperity. These factors are essential for the economic progress of any nation, and the rapid expansion of commerce education demonstrates its importance and relevance in today's society.

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 Keywords

Education, Commerce, India, Students

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In recent years, the concept of inclusive growth has gained significant attention worldwide, as nations strive to ensure that economic progress benefits all sections of society. India, as a developing country with a diverse population and varying levels of socioeconomic disparities, recognizes the importance of inclusive growth in achieving sustainable and equitable development. Within this context, commerce education has emerged as a crucial catalyst in driving inclusive growth in India. This paper aims to explore the role of commerce education in facilitating inclusive growth in India. It begins by providing an overview of inclusive growth, emphasizing its significance for emerging economies like India. The paper then delves into the multifaceted dimensions of commerce education and its relevance in shaping an inclusive economy. Commerce education equips individuals with a comprehensive understanding of business principles, financial management, entrepreneurship, and market dynamics. By imparting practical skills and knowledge, commerce education empowers individuals to participate actively in economic activities, thereby fostering inclusive growth. Moreover, commerce education nurtures an entrepreneurial mindset, encouraging individuals to identify opportunities and create employment for themselves and others, particularly in marginalized communities. Furthermore, the paper highlights the impact of commerce education in promoting financial literacy among individuals, which is crucial for their financial inclusion. Financial literacy enables individuals to make informed decisions regarding savings, investments, and access to financial services, leading to enhanced economic participation and wealth creation. In this way, commerce education acts as a tool for empowering individuals and bridging the gap between the economically privileged and marginalized sections of society.

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 Keywords

Commerce Education, Inclusive Growth, India, Economic Development

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Throughout human history, the house has held a central position as a physical and symbolic entity for the growth and progress of society. Adequate housing stands as a fundamental necessity for human beings, essential for leading a dignified life. Without proper housing of satisfactory quality, numerous tasks and achievements would be challenging, if not entirely unattainable. In India, a synergy between governmental and private sectors has led to the implementation of various housing reforms, encompassing diverse strategies such as reduced social allocations, diminished public financing, and the cultivation of a real estate culture. The issue of housing shortage is a global phenomenon, particularly severe in developing nations like India, where the housing situation has become increasingly critical in recent times. To address this, mortgage finance markets play a pivotal role in expanding affordable housing options and enhancing housing standards across many countries. Unfortunately, such markets are still in their early stages in India, contributing to lower rates of homeownership and substandard housing quality. These challenges arise from the fundamental problem of limited capital availability, with housing development heavily relying on financial institutions such as banks, credit companies, and development banks for necessary funding. Against this backdrop, this paper aims to examine key aspects of the Indian financing system, with a specific focus on Housing Development Finance Corporation Ltd (HDFC), a prominent player in the Indian housing finance industry, commanding a substantial market share of approximately 17 percent.

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 Keywords

Housing Finance, HDFC, LIC.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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In today's highly competitive market, there is a shift from standardization to customization, with a strong emphasis on price and quality. Traditional costing methods have become outdated as they often allocate expenses inaccurately, particularly overhead costs. In order to determine fair and accurate pricing, the activity-based costing system has emerged as an innovative solution. Activity-based costing primarily focuses on activities and cost drivers, making it essential to define these activities. The main objective of activity-based costing is to provide a more precise understanding of hotel service costs. By charging prices that closely align with their actual production costs, both effectiveness and profit margins can be improved. Activity-based costing plays a crucial role in the hospitality industry as it reveals the true profitability of customers, identifies opportunities for cost reduction and increased efficiency in various hospitality services, and provides actionable insights to negotiate price and cost reductions for different activities. Utilizing activity-based pricing to determine hotel service prices has been argued to be the most accurate approach. For this research, the study focused on 75 hotel managers working in Gujarat and sought their perspectives on activity-based costing.

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Activity Based Costing, Hotel Industry, Costing, Pricing

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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This research introduces a novel method for collecting data on road distress. This distress collection is a critical component in determining future maintenance needs for existing roadway sections. The earlier way of finding various flaws in existing pavement, which is critical for identifying areas with the poorest road conditions, was visual inspection of the pavement. Distress detection was carried out on an existing flexible pavement segment of National Highway-53 in this paper. The state of the pavement has an impact on a variety of characteristics, including passenger comfort, safety, volatile organic compounds (VOC), vehicle speed and travel duration, emissions/pollution, and so on. With photographs and precise distance measurements, this Network Survey Vehicle gets highway pavement information such as roughness, rutting, cracking, ravelling, bleeding, texture depth, edge cracking, potholes, geometric data, and more at every place.

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Bleeding, Ravelling, NSV

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A Study of Urban Child Labour in Nagaland

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A Study of Urban Child Labour in Nagaland

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 Abstract

Avascular necrosis, also known as aseptic or ischemic necrosis. It is the condition in which there is loss of function of bone tissue. The affected bones become fragile and may fracture easily. It usually occurs when blood flow to part of bone blocks. Without blood flow, the bone tissue dies from a lack of nutrition and oxygen. AVN of the femoral head is most common type of necrosis affecting the bones. Management of AVN aims at the preservation of structure, function and relief from pain. Many surgical procedures such as drilling and insertion of bone grafts, insertion of prosthesis and modified Whitman or Colonna reconstruction are carried out to cure the condition but all these procedures are costly with the prognosis being poor. Signs and symptoms of AVN are nearer to asthivaha srotodusti vikara (musculoskeletal origin disorders) and can be considered with gambhira avastha (chronic stage). In this paper an effort has been made to evaluate efficiency of Panchakarma procedure in the conservative management of AVN of femoral head. This paper includes case study of male patient with AVN of right femoral head, is treated with rukshana (Drying therapy) followed by shodhana (biopurification) and brhmana (rejuvenation). Patient was observed for symptomatic improvements. The results were encouraging. The therapy provided marked relief from pain, tenderness, stiffness and improvement in gait. Conservative management of AVN through Ayurvedic principles provides significant relief and improves quality of life.

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Panchakarma, rukshana, shodhana, brhmana, Avascular necrosis

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Lamivudine, RP-HPLC, Analytical Method Development, Validation

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The current research focuses on investigating various adjustable factors that impact the outcomes, such as the magnitude of vibrations. The ability to predict vibrations between the tool and workpiece is crucial for machine tool users to select optimal cutting parameters, such as depth of cut and spindle rotation, in order to minimize vibrations. Machining is a complex process where several parameters can negatively affect the desired outcome. Among them, cutting tool vibrations play a significant role in influencing dimensional precision of machined components and the lifespan of cutting tools. Cutting tool vibrations primarily occur due to cutting parameters such as cutting speed, depth of cut, and tool feed rate. In this study, cutting tool vibrations are managed in a lathe machine by utilizing a tool holder supported with and without a damping pad. The vibration signals of the cutting tool are controlled and analyzed using FFT (Fast Fourier Transform) analysis. To predict and validate the results, the Taguchi method, experimental studies, and data analysis are conducted to confirm the effectiveness of the proposed damping system. Additionally, a regression analysis is employed to develop the most suitable equation for predicting the expected response value based on given predictor values.

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 Keywords

cutting tool, Four Channel B & K's FFT Analyzer & cutting speed, Piezoelectric Sensor, tool feed rate, FFT Analyzer.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition