Volume 11 | Issue 7 |

 Abstract

For better health, waste products should be removed from the body completely. If it remains behind, then it will lead to the start of many diseases which will hamper quality of life. In samhita waste products excreted out of the body are mala, mutra and sweda. Mutra is excreted out of the body to remove toxins from blood and purify it. Mutra is evacuated out of the body through the specified channel called mutravasrota. Srotas is explained by all acharya as it is an important channel for the body to move all the bhavpadhartha from one place to another. The pathway has to be clear in such a way that mala should be excreted out of the body effortlessly. Any deformity progresses which causes the obstruction will make it be retained in the body, causes disease. One of the mutravahastrotas vyadhi is "Vatakundalika" under mutraghata chapter. It is explained that aggravated vata moves in a circular direction in the bladder which cause severe pain, and heaviness of the bladder urine is passed as dribbling micturition that too in less quantity with the expulsion of feces. This disease is called vatakundalika.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Mutravahastota , Vatakundalika , Mutraghata, Uroflometry, Mutravittasang, Srujedaalpaalpamathwa, Sarujaskam Shaneeshanee, Mutravihanti sasatambha.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

- In highway Construction industry to save contractors form price fluctuations of material, Fuel, Labour etc. the price escalation clause is added but in different type project and Different type of Government entities are using differential formulae. Contractor/Concessionaire at the time of biding the project and at the time of the project execution i.e from appointed dated its takes about 3-4 years; the project duration above 1 year is taken in to account of price escalation. The price escalation cost will calculate differently with different formulae due to same there is variation of amount. In this paper we will identify the differential cost of price escalation by using one project with different government formulae and we will conclude which type of formulae is adequate. Also, this paper gives us how these prices are calculated, for same which data is to be required. Using different entity price escalation clause, the most efficient and accurate method of price escalation will conclude in this dissertation.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Price Escalation, Price Index, Clause, WPI, CPI, Preceding Quarter, CPWD,HAM,

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Sciatica is a term applied to all form of pain along the course of sciatic nerve, whether due to interstitial neuritis or neuralgia. Sciatica is a term used to describe nerve pain in the leg that is caused by irritation or compression of the root pathology. Homoeopathy has effective option to treat sciatica. Sciatica is a debilitating condition of the sciatic nerve. Homoeopathy is a holistic and safe way to overcome sciatica without any side effects. Homoeopathic medicines also correct the underlying problems such as neurological pains and as well neurological disorders. The constitutional way of treatment is safe and has remedies that are free from side effects.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Sciatic neuritis, Primary sciatica, Secondary sciatica, Homoeopathy.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Abstract: The current study has been appropriately powered and structured to estimate the prevalence of COPD and other comorbidities as well as to examine the distribution of COPD medication prescriptions. The main objective of this study?includes to determine the Demographic Characteristics, the Prevalence of COPD and its types, the distribution of COPD among Smokers and Non-Smokers, Evaluating the Clinical profile, Comorbidities Spirometric findings Radiographic profile ( Chest- X-ray), and Prescription pattern of drugs in the COPD patients. This study was conducted in the pulmonology department for 6 months. The total no.of cases during the study registered in the pulmonology department was 1500. Among 1500, 200 patients were having COPD. Among 200, 149 (75%) were males and 51 (25%) were females. This study indicated that the prevalence of COPD was more in males than females. The prevalence of COPD was found to be 13.3%. According to our findings, the prevalence of COPD was higher than the global prevalence, which ranges from 10.7% to 12.1%. COPD was more in the age group of 61 to 70. The most common symptoms observed in the patients were dyspnea, cough, expectoration, wheezing, fever, and chest tightness. The most common comorbidity observed in patients were Hypertension, diabetes, chronic liver disease, hypothyroidism, obesity, and ischemic heart disease, etc. patients were treated with multiple drugs including beta-2 agonists, antimuscarinics, inhaled corticosteroids, phosphodiesterase inhibitors, leukotriene receptor antagonists, antihistamines, antibiotics, systemic corticosteroids, oxygen therapy, and other drugs. prescribed antibiotics include amoxicillin, piperacillin, azithromycin, ceftriaxone, levofloxacin, and doxycycline.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

COPD, prevalence, symptoms, comorbidities, prescription, patients, drugs.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The rural market has been growing constantly over the years. The challenges of rural marketing are perpetuating. The vast market demands good marketing strategies to design a win-win situation for all the groups in the rural marketing chain. Rural markets are a time-consuming affair and demand substantial investment. Consumers in rural areas have a relatively low standard of living, and rural customers have diverse socio-economic backwardness. Price is the most crucial factor that influences the buying decision of a customer in a rural market. They can compromise on quality for a lower price and magnet towards discounts and sales. Buying decision process defines the rudimentary stages that a consumer goes through while he decides to buy a product. Purchase decision of a rural customer is determined by his lifestyle, his values, and personality. Challenges in the Indian Rural Markets are Underdeveloped People, Underdeveloped Markets, Unprofessional Communication, Multilingual, Low Per Capita Income & Poor Infrastructure Facilities. This research study refers to a deep analysis of rural market in-terms of rural market strategies practiced by Four established companies belong to different industries namely ITC, HUL, LG, Nokia to tap the rural market and behaviour of rural consumers. This study has been conducted in Four selected rural districts of Madhya Pradesh state of India that is the central province of the country.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Key words: Purchase Decision, Rural Consumers, Low Per Capita Income, Socio-economic Backwardness & Underdeveloped Markets

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Avatar: The Way of Water is a 2022 American science fiction film directed by James Cameron. It is the sequel to Avatar-1 (2009) and the second film in the Avatar franchise. In the first film Avatar-1, Jake Sully becomes Toruk Makto and defeats the threat from humans and saves the people and resources of Pandora. In the second film Avatar: The Way of Water, Jake Sully and his family are under renewed threat from the villain Colonel Miles who returned to Pandora in Recombinant Avatar form. The hero realizes the dangerous situation of his Omaticaya clan and decides to seek refuge with the Metkayina clan to avoid endangering the Omaticaya clan because of himself. He does not realize that he goes to endanger the Metkayina clan and it ends up in the battle between the Metkayina clan and the humans. Here the Hero's refuge decision makes the heroism understated. After sheltering the family of Jack Sully by giving a sanctuary, the Metkayina's leader does not become an alternate hero as expected. The film does not show a struggle to save nature and resources, but it shows the personal fight between Hero & Villain, both take turns threatening each other with their children and here the difference between hero and villain disappears, the movie becomes a double hero subject. This part two film is a typical revenge film that lacks sublime heroism and the director has shown that all the important characters as selfish. Moreover, Avatar-2 features some similar scenes featured in Part-1 and those stereotypically repeated scenes are not giving surprise but show the director's sentiments toward Avatar-1.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Paradigm shift, Heroism, refuge, revenge, sentiments

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

This paper is an effort to peep into the political ideas of Early Modern Europe through the writings of two great scholars- John Locke and J.J Rousseau. The paper talks about the various features and problems of Early Modern European society like the nature of authority, forms of government and society conditions of that time.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

General Will, Savage Society, Social Contract, Treaties of Government

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

This investigation on the histopathological reproductive toxicity of Citrullus colocynthis fruit extract in adult male albino rats was the goal of the study. To find a reversible male contraceptive, male rats were given the 50% petroleum ether extract of C. colocynthis fruits orally at doses of 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg body wt/day for 60 days. For a light microscopic examination, samples from the epididymis, prostate, vas deferens, and seminal vesicles were gathered. All organs' epithelium and connective tissues experienced histological changes as a result of the fruits of C. colocynthis. In comparison to controls, interluminar space was increased.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

histological reproductive toxicity, epithelium, reversible

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

A performance assessment method that bases asset selection on the internal rate of return calculated with reference to long-term cash flows has been developed to support long-term investment initiatives. The three elements that make up total returns are changes in projected return, adjustments to discount rates, and adjustments to anticipated cash flows. This method of performance evaluation emphasizes the cash flows generated over time as a percentage of the price paid, which are key factors influencing long-term returns.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Investment horizon, attributing performance, and portfolio building are some examples relevant to this discussion.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Mutrashmari is a formation of stone anywhere in the Mutravaha Srotas, which can be correlated with Urinary tract stone or urolithiasis. Ashmari is one of the disorders of Mutravaha Srotas and one among the Astamahagada. Renal calculi are one of the most painful and common disorders of urinary tract. As Ashmari is Kapha Pradhana Tridoshaja Vyadhi. Kataka is Tridoshaghna and indicated in Mutrashamri. Kataka Beeja churna mentioned in Dhanwantari Nighantu in chandanadi varga as Ashmarighna. A male patient aged 28 years having complaint of Right side flank pain and pain abdomen (in umbilical region) since 20 days & diagnosed to have bilateral Renal Calculi. This case study shows that kataka Beeja churna is having good effect in treating Mutrashamari. The formulation is possessing Ashmari Bhedana (lithotriptic) and Mutrala(diuretic)properties.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Mutrashmari,Urolithiasis,Lithotriptic,Diuretic,Kataka Beeja Churna.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition