Volume 13 | Issue 7 |

 Abstract

With the rise in antibiotic resistance, essential oils--known for their antibacterial qualities--are becoming more and more popular as natural substitutes for traditional antibiotics. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial activity of two essential oils--clove (Syzygium aromaticum) and ajwain (Carum copticum)--against a resistant strain of Escherichia coli. The zone of inhibition and colony counting were the two techniques used in the study. Each essential oil was evaluated at varying concentrations (25?l, 50?l, 75?l, and 100?l) while the bacteria were cultured on nutrient agar and nutrient broth. The typical reference antibiotic that was used was amoxicillin. Clove oil showed a bigger inhibition zone than amoxicillin and ajwain oil, with diameters up to 26 mm, according to the zone of inhibition technique results. Further confirming clove oil's greater antibacterial activity, the colony counting method showed a higher inhibition percentage for clove oil (88.3%) than for ajwain oil (75%). The main reason clove oil works so well is because of eugenol, a phenolic component that breaks down bacterial cell walls and prevents vital biological processes. Thymol containing ajwain oil also demonstrated strong antimicrobial properties. The potential application of essential oils, especially clove oil, as strong antibacterial agents against resistant E. coli is highlighted by this study. These results imply that essential oils may be crucial in creating alternative treatment approaches, which is noteworthy given the rise in antibiotic resistance.

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 Keywords

Ajwain oil, Clove Oil, Amoxicillin, Antibacteria

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 Abstract

The textile industry has seen a growing demand for sustainable and functional fabrics, particularly those with antibacterial properties. Traditional antibacterial finishes often rely on synthetic chemicals, which pose environmental and health risks. This project explores the use of eucalyptus oil, a natural and renewable resource, to impart an eco-friendly, antibacterial finish on cotton knitted fabric. Eucalyptus oil is known for its antimicrobial properties, and its application in textile finishing offers a sustainable alternative to conventional chemical treatments. The project will focus on optimizing the process of applying eucalyptus oil to cotton knitted fabrics, ensuring durability and long-lasting antibacterial effects even after multiple washes. Such as tensile strength, softness, and color fastness, will be thoroughly assessed. This eco-friendly treatment not only aligns with the growing trend toward sustainability in the textile industry but also provides consumers with healthier, non-toxic textile options.

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 Keywords

Antibacterial finish, Cotton, Durability, Eucalyptus, Knit fabric,Properties

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 Abstract

Abstract: Background: Spasticity is a significant and challenging consequence of neurological conditions, often resulting in impaired mobility, discomfort, and a decline in quality of life. Conventional therapies, including pharmacological and surgical interventions, have limitations due to side effects and invasiveness. Extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT) has gained attention as a novel, non-invasive therapeutic modality. Objective: This systematic review aims to evaluate and synthesize current evidence regarding the effectiveness of ESWT in reducing spasticity across various neurological disorders. Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted across four databases: PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Ovid, covering the period from January 2010 to December 2024. Search terms included "extracorporeal shockwave therapy," "ESWT," "spasticity," "stroke," "cerebral palsy," and "neurological rehabilitation." Inclusion criteria were studies involving human participants with neurologically induced spasticity treated with ESWT. Only studies employing objective measures such as the Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS), Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA), or electromyography (EMG) were included. A total of 11 studies were included in the qualitative synthesis. Results: The majority of the included studies were conducted in stroke populations, targeting both upper and lower limb spasticity. Both radial and focused ESWT were utilized, with variations in dosage, application frequency, and treatment site. All studies reported improvements in spasticity post-treatment, with MAS scores significantly reduced in most. Improvements were observed immediately and persisted up to four weeks post-intervention. Functional improvements in mobility and limb use were noted in studies measuring secondary outcomes. The musculotendinous junction appeared to be a more effective target site compared to muscle belly. Conclusion: ESWT is a promising adjunctive treatment for reducing spasticity in neurological conditions. It demonstrates efficacy in lowering muscle tone and improving functional outcomes with minimal side effects. Further large-scale, high-quality studies are warranted to optimize treatment parameters and assess long-term efficacy.

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 Keywords

Keywords: "Extracorporeal Shockwave Therapy / ESWT, Spasticity / Muscle Tone, Stroke / Cerebral Palsy / Neurological Disorder, Radial Shockwave / Focused Shockwave.

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 Abstract

India has a large pool of unskilled workers and a significant skill gap in employment. By providing training and skill development opportunities for unskilled workers, skill training centres can help bridge this gap and make these unskilled workers active contributor of society that can drive economic growth and promote self-reliance in the country. Skill development is an integral part of the Atma Nirbhar Bharat initiative launched by the Indian government in 2020. The Skill Training Development Centres (STDC) have been contributing in India's journey towards self-reliance by providing focused & dedicated vocational training and skill development programs to individuals from various backgrounds, including school dropouts, unemployed youth, and even existing workers looking to upgrade their skills. This chapter tries to explore the role of these STDCs in bridging the India's skill gap under Atma Nirbhar Bharat initiative.

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Skill, Skill Training Development Centres and Atma Nirbhar Bharat

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The Kerala State Artisans Development Corporation (KADCO) plays a pivotal role in empowering traditional artisans and preserving Kerala's rich cultural heritage. This article explores the historical evolution and organizational framework of KADCO, shedding light on its foundational mission to support the state's artisanal communities. It delves into the strategies adopted by KADCO to preserve and promote traditional crafts, including marketing initiatives, skill development programs, and efforts to foster sustainable production practices. Furthermore, the article evaluates the socio-economic impact of KADCO's initiatives on artisans, examining how these efforts have contributed to enhancing their livelihoods and ensuring the continuity of age-old craftsmanship. By providing a theoretical perspective on KADCO's role, the study aims to highlight its significance in revitalizing Kerala's artisan sector and the challenges it faces in sustaining traditional crafts in the modern era. The findings underscore KADCO's contribution to artisan empowerment and the need for continued institutional and policy support to secure the future of traditional crafts.

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Kerala State Artisans Development Corporation (KADCO),Traditional artisans,Artisan empowerment,Socio-economic development.

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Abstract: This study examines the relationship between emotional intelligence (EI) and academic performance among adolescents. Emotional intelligence, defined as the ability to perceive, understand, regulate, and express emotions, is increasingly recognized as a critical factor in student success. Using a quantitative correlational research design, data were collected from 100 secondary school students through a standardized EI scale and academic records. The findings revealed a moderate positive correlation between emotional intelligence and academic achievement. The study suggests that higher emotional awareness and self-regulation contribute significantly to improved academic outcomes. The results underscore the importance of integrating emotional skills training into the school curriculum to support holistic student development.

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Emotional intelligence (EI),Academic Performance ,Adolescents

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Head Hunting was a traditional mode of warfare practiced by the Nocte Tribe of Arunachal Pradesh. Many factors like to establish superiority, control over land and water often led to conflict. This practice was given up after the establishment of administration in the region.

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Head Hunting, Ran, Surprise raid, Ambush, Omen

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Background- Mental health knowledge plays a vital role in de-stigmatizing people about mental illness. The understanding of the primary caregivers and their stigma about mental illness matters a lot as their knowledge and stigma will affect the patient's mental health and recovery. Aim- Study of the mental health knowledge and mental health stigma among the primary caregivers of mentally ill patients. Methodology- Primary caregivers were taken with the help of interviewing methods from the psychiatric center of SMS, Jaipur, using mental health knowledge questionnaire and perceived devaluation and discrimination scale. Frequencies & correlation as statics was used to find out the role among the two. Results- Stigma and mental health knowledge are negatively correlated findings have suggested that with the increase in the knowledge of mental health there is a decreased stigma. So, to increase the knowledge and decrease the stigma among people about mental health and its illnesses various awareness programs can be organized.

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Mental health knowledge, Mental health stigma, Primary caregivers, Mental illness & Patients

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 Abstract

In big cities, traffic congestion is a major problem that is frequently brought on by static traffic light systems that don't take into account the flow of vehicles in real time. Due to their reliance on pre-programmed timings, traditional traffic signals cause needless delays, fuel waste, and ineffective traffic management. This study suggests an intelligent and well-coordinated traffic light control system that uses real-time video surveillance and artificial intelligence (AI). Using video feeds at crossings, the system analyses and detects vehicle density using computer vision algorithms. This analysis is used to dynamically modify signal timings in order to give priority to lanes with greater congestion. Additionally, by connecting several traffic lights via a communication protocol, the system allows neighbouring junctions to synchronize their signal phases. Green corridors are created, stop-and-go traffic is decreased, and general urban mobility is enhanced by this networked strategy. A centralized communication layer facilitates inter-signal data exchange, signal timing adjustment techniques, and real-time vehicle recognition utilizing YOLO models. To test the system, real-world circumstances are replicated through simulation using Python and OpenCV. According to preliminary findings, when compared to fixed-timer systems, the suggested approach greatly lowers vehicle waiting times and enhances traffic flow efficiency. This study advances the creation of intelligent transportation systems and offers smart cities dealing with escalating traffic problems a scalable answer.

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 Keywords

Artificial Intelligence, Traffic Signal Control, Smart Cities, Computer Vision, Real-Time Systems, Adaptive Traffic Management, Interconnected Networks.

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 Abstract

Quantum cryptography is a development that is crucial in improving cybersecurity, because it is based on quantum mechanics concepts and can be used to produce genuine random numbers, which are important in a strong cryptography. The abstract summarizes the findings of 30 major researches, which discuss different quantum random number generators (QRNGs) and their use in securing digital communications. The emergent distinction between QRNGs and classical pseudorandom number generators is noted in many studies pointing out the novel properties of quantum mechanics to generate indeed random numbers [1][2]. It is important to note that research highlights the need to have device-independent and semi-device-independent QRNG protocol that would offer security guarantees against adversarial tampering without requiring the security of the used devices [3][4]. Additionally, information that is known about entropy sources, approaches to extracting randomness, and the rigorous statistical justification [5][6] of high-quality RNG confirms that such RNG can be even more important in cryptography and information security. The enhanced method of public verification and combination of QRNGs and cloud services have bright prospects in a number of services in the finance and data privacy industry [7][8]. To sum up, quantum technologies will become even more diversified on an ongoing basis, and their implementation into cybersecurity systems can serve as an even stronger protection against new threats, which is why it is impossible to overestimate the role of quantum technologies in the security of the future of digital communications [9][10].

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 Keywords

Quantum Random Number Generator, Cryptographic Security, Quantum Key Distribution, Randomness Bias, QRNG Limitations

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition