Volume 13 | Issue 7 |

 Abstract

In order to increase bioavailability, decrease dosing frequency, and improve patient compliance, the current study's primary goal was to develop and evaluate a gel containing apremilast microspheres. To choose the most effective formulation, a prepared gel loaded with microspheres was assessed for drug interactions using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry tests, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Pre-formulation studies, spreadability, viscosity, pH measurement, gel strength, homogeneity, drug content, in vitro diffusion tests, drug kinetics, and stability investigations were all performed on the generated formulations (F1-F6). The study used differential scanning calorimeters and FTIR spectroscopy to confirm the drug-excipient interaction and compatibility between medication and excipients. SEM images showed smooth-surfaced particles with regular shapes. All formulations were less effective than the optimized F4 formulation, which had acceptable physical properties like spreadability, viscosity, pH, gel strength, and drug content.

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 Keywords

Microspheres, Transdermal drug delivery, Apremilast, Formulation and evaluation, Biodegradable polymers

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Solid wastes generated from the various residential and non-residential activities in cities end up in centralized land fill sites, mostly vacant lands or wetland sites in the urban periphery. Sanitary landfills have been and continue to be a social and ecological threat. Brahmapuram Waste treatment plant set up in 2008, spread over 110 acres in Kakkanad is utilized by the Kochi Corporation and the nearby municipalities but the lack of segregation of the biodegradable and non-bio degradable waste has caused breakdowns in the functioning of the plant turning it into a waste dump site that polluted the surrounding rivers along with air pollution. The plant has been the site of multiple fires in 2013, 2019 and 2023 that burned 16-year-old dumped garbage and released toxic fumes, choking the entire city region for 12 days (India Today, 2023). Following this event, a compressed biogas (CBG) plant has been proposed at Brahmapuram by Bharat Petroleum Corporation Ltd. (BPCL) in 2024. The RIAM technique has been applied to assess the Environmental impact Assessment of the proposed CBG plant in Brahmapuram, and from the study, it was found that the proposal has a moderately positive impact. Suitable mitigation measures may be suggested in future research in order to reduce the adverse impacts to create a harmonious environment

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Rapid Impact Assessment Matrix (RIAM), Urban Waste dumpsite, Biogas Plant.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Drama , Women , Status, Kundam?l?, Svak?y?, Sit?.

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This project investigates the mechanical performance and sustainability potential of geopolymer concrete (GPC) produced using industrial by-products--fly ash and Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBS)--as an alternative to conventional Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC). In light of the urgent need to reduce carbon emissions from the construction industry, the study explores geopolymer technology as a viable pathway to green construction. The research involved preparing five different mix proportions of fly ash and GGBS (100:0, 75:25, 50:50, 25:75, and 0:100), activated using sodium silicate solution alone, under ambient curing conditions. Compressive strength of the mixes was tested at 3, 7, and 28 days. Results revealed that mixes with higher GGBS content significantly improved early-age strength due to its calcium-rich composition, while fly ash contributed to strength at later stages. The findings underscore the importance of optimizing binder combinations for specific performance goals. The geopolymer mixes showed promising strength development without the need for thermal curing, making them suitable for practical construction scenarios, especially in warm climates. This work directly contributes to several United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs): SDG 9 (Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure) through development of innovative materials; SDG 11 (Sustainable Cities and Communities) by promoting eco- friendly construction solutions; SDG 12 (Responsible Consumption and Production) by utilizing industrial waste; and SDG 13 (Climate Action) through the reduction of CO? emissions associated with cement production. The study confirms that geopolymer concrete, based solely on sodium silicate-activated fly ash and GGBS, presents a practical and sustainable alternative to OPC. Future work may focus on exploring durability aspects and extending the use of other local industrial wastes, further reinforcing its role in a circular economy framework.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The study aims to examine and evaluate the existing Electronic Services offered by the Pulla Reddy college of Engineering Library. The study discusses to know the awareness, utilization of various electronic services. The major findings of the study are that the respondents are not aware of the Electronic Services and most of the respondents are satisfied with the Internet facility.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Electronic Services, Internet, User study

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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This research analyses the impact of AI-based personalized recommendation systems on online customer buying behaviour in e-commerce. The study focuses on the ways in which these sophisticated technologies influence consumer engagement, satisfaction, and purchase decisions. A structured quantitative research technique was employed to examine the impact and efficacy of AI-based personalized, which included surveys from a wide range of online shoppers. The results are intended to assist e-commerce companies in improving user experience and conversion rates through the optimization of suggestion tactics.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

AI-based personalization, recommendation systems, e-commerce, consumer buying behaviour, online shopping, customer engagement

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Rural development occupy for economic improvement of people as well as social change. The primary goal is to reduce poverty, better livelihood opportunities, essential services and infrastructure facilities through introducing programmes of wage and self-employment. So, Gandhian perspectives on rural development deals with Growth of Rural Industrialization, Economic Approach, Social Integrity, Sustainability, Simplicity and Self-control, Upgrading the living standard of the rural people etc. For him, rural development is based on the villagers. That is why Villagers can secure in Villages only if the cottage industries are developed. Moreover, development of agriculture as well as overall rural development with decentralization, equality and stability is possible with the manifestation of Gandhian economic thought. According to his opinion, decentralized economy means economy based on agriculture and rural industries. Gandhian economic system also relied on the self-sustenance of villages.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Economic Approach, Sustainability, Simplicity, Self-Sustenance, Rural Industrialization etc.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Educational intervention, disease related characteristics, general quality of life,CCF,disease related quality of life.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The National Education Policy 2020, a comprehensive and ambitious reform, has been the topic of theoretical examination in terms of its potential impact and implementation issues. The policy attempts to transform the Indian education system by implementing significant changes at all levels. The emphasis on early childhood care, curriculum redesign, and the incorporation of vocational education are viewed as beneficial steps towards holistic development. However, doubts have been expressed about the policy's viability and implementation. Implementation stumbling difficulties have been recognised as potential roadblocks, including insufficient infrastructure, teacher training, and financing. Furthermore, due to the digital divide and accessibility concerns present in certain locations, the policy's reliance on technology for online learning has come under attack. To provide equitable access to quality education for everyone, the National Education Policy 2020 relies on effective implementation mechanisms, stakeholder participation, and constant monitoring and assessment.

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 Keywords

National Education Policy (NEP 2020), Human Capital Theory, Constructivism, Experiential Learning, Social Constructivism.

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This research paper aims to analyze customer satisfaction towards online shopping platforms, focusing on the different factors such as product quality, price transparency, delivery timing, return policies and digital payment convenience for the customers. The growing shift toward e-commerce, encouraged by improvement in technology and the COVID-19 pandemic, has notably transformed behavior and expectations of the consumers. The main objective of this study is to analyze how well e-commerce platforms are meeting the need of the customer and to identify key factors that impact satisfaction levels. The study adopts a mathematical approach by surveying online customer to gather first hand information or baseline data. The responses are analyzed to understand trends, preferences, and areas which need improvement. The findings indicate that while ease and diversities are strong advantages, issues like late deliveries, undisclosed charges, and unsatisfactory return experiences impact satisfaction levels. Based on the results, the paper offers suggestions for enhancing the online shopping experience, particularly from a financial service point of view such as transaction security and reimbursement reliability. This research adds to a deeper understanding of the shifting consumer expectations within the digital marketplace.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Online Shopping, Customer Satisfaction, Digital Transactions, Return Policy, E-commerce, Consumer Behavior, Financial Services, Delivery Experience

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition