Volume 14 | Issue 7 |

 Abstract

In today's society, schools have confined the scope of education to Reading, wRiting and aRithmetic i.e. 3R's only. Emphasis is given more on the cognitive domain only but the affective and psychomotor domains are barely explored. To be a 21st century learner, the school must incorporate all the skills that is required to survive in the present society, be it social skills, communication skills, life skills, livelihood skills, wellbeing skills or technological skills. Indian knowledge system is that package of education that needs to be imparted among the students of India so that they can resonate with life and children from diverse backgrounds get benefited. To cater the need of the students of the country, to broaden the scope of education, many alternative schools have aimed to propagate education that covers all the domains, the education that is indigenous and that suffice the needs of the drop-outs, at risk students, disadvantaged class. Thus, this study will explore the current status of alternative school in India and the education system they follow. Also, the need and significance of the integration of alternative schools and IKS in the present society will be discussed here.

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 Keywords

Keywords: Alternative school, Indian knowledge system, Curriculum, Pedagogy, 21st century skills.

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ABSTRACT : Tracheostomy is probably the most common surgical procedure performed on critically ill patients. Approximately 10 percent of mechanically ventilated critically ill patients undergo tracheostomy to facilitate prolonged airway and ventilator support. It is of prime importance to nurses for tracheostomy care. Tracheotomy is a common procedure in intensive care units and nurses must provide proper care to patients to prevent complications. One of the most important considerations is effective mobilization of secretions and a suction catheter is the most important tool for same purpose. Each bedside should be equipped with a functional suctioning system, an oxygen source, a manual resuscitation bag and a complete tracheostomy kit, which should accompany patients wherever they go in the hospital. The present study title: a study to evaluate the effectiveness of structured teaching programme on knowledge regarding tracheostomy care among staff nurses working at selected government hospital, Jodhpur."The objective of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of structured teaching programme on knowledge regarding tracheostomy care among staff nurses, and to find the association between pre-test knowledge score with selected socio demographic variables. Material and Methods: In present study, researcher adopted "one group pre-test, post -test design". It was carried out on 60samples. The Non-probability purposive sampling technique was used to select samples for staff nurses working in Government Hospital. Ethical clearance was taken from Institutional ethics committee. Data analysis was done mainly using descriptive statistics test, T test. Result: Mean Post-test mean Knowledge Score (28.12) was higher than the Pre-test mean Knowledge Score (16.38).The calculated t-value (12.07) and P value is less than table value at 0.05 level of significance Hence the research hypothesis H1 was accepted and stated there will be significant difference between pretest and post test score on knowledge score of tracheostomy care among staff nurses will be significantly higher than the Pre-test Knowledge Score. Hence the researcher concluded that S.T.P. is an effective teaching method to impart knowledge for tracheostomycare among staff nurses.

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Key words - Evalute,Effectivness,Knowledge,Stractured Teaching Program, Nursing Staff.

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: In marine operations, sonar devices are plays a significant role for detecting submerged objects such as rocks and mines. Accurate classification of these signals is necessary to ensure marine safety and security. This study presents a comparative analysis of machine learning algorithms applied to the Sonar dataset. We used a dataset from Kaggle to train a machine- learning model for underwater mine and rock classification, consisting of 208 samples with 60 features. In this work, a comprehensive machine learning pipeline is developed that incorporates data preprocessing, feature scaling, model training, and evaluation. A Support Vector Machine (SVM) model with a Radial Basis Function (RBF) Kernel is optimized using GridSearchCV with cross-validation to achieve optimal performance. Multiple Supervised Machine learning algorithms--including Logistic Regression, Support Vector Machine (SVM), Random Forest, Neural Network (MLP), Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD), and K Nearest Neighbors (KNN)- are implemented for comparative analysis. Model performance is evaluated using various metrics such as accuracy, precision, recall, F1-score, confusion matrix, and Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve with Area Under the Curve (AUC). Stratified k-fold cross-validation further confirms the robustness and generalization capability of the model. The results demonstrate that SVM outperforms other models in balancing precision and recall for this dataset. The tuned SVM with RBF kernel achieved 92.85% accuracy and 0.97 AUC, outperforming most baseline models. Neural Networks and KNN also demonstrated competitive performance. Visualizations, including ROC curves, confusion matrices, grouped bar charts, and cross validation, confirmed model robustness. The proposed system was deployed as a predictive application, enabling real time classification of Sonar Signals.

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sonar signal classification, comparative analysis, supervised machine learning, logistic regression, support vector machine (svm), random forest, neural network (mlp), stochastic gradient descent (sgd), and k nearest neighbors (knn).

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Ambikagiri Raichoudhury (1885-1967), popularly honoured as Assam Kesari (The Lion of Assam), occupies a distinguished position in the political, literary, and cultural history of modern Assam. He emerged as one of the most influential personalities during the Indian freedom movement by integrating anti-colonial nationalism with the protection of Assamese language, literature, and cultural identity. Unlike many political leaders whose activities remained confined to political campaigns, Ambikagiri employed literature, journalism, public speeches, and cultural activism as powerful instruments to awaken national consciousness among the people. His writings inspired patriotism, social responsibility, and resistance against colonial domination while simultaneously encouraging the preservation of Assam's unique cultural heritage. His political philosophy reflected an inclusive vision of nationalism in which regional identity strengthened, rather than weakened, the broader cause of Indian nation-building. Through organisations, literary works, educational initiatives, and public movements, he sought to cultivate self-respect, unity, and democratic values among the people of Assam. This study examines Ambikagiri Raichoudhury's contribution to India's freedom struggle, analyses his political and cultural ideology, and evaluates his lasting role in shaping Assamese identity. The article argues that his legacy continues to remain relevant in contemporary India, particularly in discussions concerning cultural pluralism, linguistic preservation, democratic nationalism, and regional autonomy.

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Ambikagiri Raichoudhury, Indian Freedom Movement, Assam Kesari, Nationalism, Assamese Identity, Cultural Nationalism, Freedom Struggle, Assam.

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Food waste poses a major challenge to global sustainable development and food security. China's Anti-Food Waste Law, introduced in 2021, is an important intervention policy that aims to curb food waste by influencing public attitudes and consumption behaviors. Based on social media text mining, this study systematically evaluates the policy effects of the law. By analyzing more than 81,000 microblogs related to food waste from 2019 to 2023, the changes in public discourse, attitudes, and self-reported behaviors before and after the implementation of the law were explored. The study found that government initiatives such as the "Clean Plate Campaign" were widely disseminated on social media and became the focus of public discussion. Topic model analysis revealed that public perception closely aligned with the core principles of the Anti-Food Waste Law, demonstrating that the law had a significant influence on shaping public discourse. Sentiment analysis results showed that public sentiment reached a peak at the beginning of policy implementation, but its positive impact did not last long. Overall, this study verified the application potential of text mining technology in policy effect evaluation and emphasized that sustained public participation is essential for the long-term effectiveness of policies. It is recommended that policymakers continue to carry out highly interactive campaigns through social media to consolidate the social consensus against food waste.

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Food Waste, Policy Evaluation, Text Mining, Public Sentiment, China's Anti-Food Waste Law, Large Language Models

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This paper presents the design and implementation of an AI-powered online meeting summary generator that automates transcription, summarization, and report generation from virtual meetings. Artificial Intelligence (AI) has emerged as a powerful solution for automating meeting transcription, summarization, and documentation. The system combines browser-based audio capture, speech recognition, natural language processing, and large language model based summarization to generate concise meeting reports with minimal manual effort. The proposed architecture utilizes the Web Audio API for audio acquisition, Mozilla DeepSpeech for speech-to-text conversion, and the Gemma language model for abstractive summarization and action-item extraction. The implementation focuses on privacy-aware processing, real-time usability, and support for modern collaboration platforms. Experimental observations demonstrate that the proposed approach significantly reduces manual note-taking effort while producing structured summaries suitable for professional documentation.

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Online Meeting Summarization, Speech Recognition, DeepSpeech, Large Language Models, Gemma, Natural Language Processing, Web Audio API, Artificial Intelligence.

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Raktapradar stands out as one of the most prominent gynecological dilemmas encountered by clinicians in everyday practice. It is clinically recognized by Artava Atipravrutti (excessive menstrual flow), Deerghakala Pravrutti (prolonged duration), or Anruta Kala Pravrutti (intermenstrual bleeding), severely compromising a woman's physical, systemic, and psychological well-being. Modern gynecology correlates Raktapradar closely with Dysfunctional Uterine Bleeding (DUB) or Menorrhagia, defined as cyclic bleeding at regular intervals that is pathologically excessive in volume or duration. Classical Ayurvedic texts offer an exhaustive analysis of Asrigdar or Raktapradar, laying down highly targeted herbal and herbo-mineral therapeutic frameworks. The current study details a single case study of a 24-year-old female presenting with severe Raktapradar, successfully managed through a conservative Ayurvedic Shaman protocol utilizing Raktasthambhak and Pitta-Vata Shamani modalities to optimize endometrial health and restore normal hematological parameters without hormonal dependency.

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Raktapradar, Menorrhagia, Shaman Chikitsa, Raktasthambhak.

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This study examined the effects of yogic practices and aerobic exercises on selected psychological variables among rural secondary school girls. Ninety girls aged 13 to 16 years from a rural school in Karnataka were randomly divided into three groups: a Yogic Practices Training Group, an Aerobic Exercises Training Group, and a Control Group, with 30 participants in each group. The experimental groups underwent a structured 12-week training programme, while the control group followed their normal routine activities. The psychological variables assessed were stress, anxiety, and aggression. Data were analyzed using t-tests, ANOVA, and ANCOVA at the 0.05 level of significance. The findings showed that both yogic practices and aerobic exercises produced significant improvements in psychological well-being. Yoga was found to be slightly more effective in reducing stress and anxiety, while aerobic exercise also produced meaningful benefits. The study concludes that regular participation in yoga and aerobic activity can improve the mental health of rural adolescent girls and should be encouraged in school-based physical education programmes

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Yoga, Aerobic Exercise, Stress, Anxiety, Aggression, Rural School Girls

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Shweta Pradara is one of the most frequently encountered gynecological complaints in reproductive-age women and is characterized by excessive whitish vaginal discharge with or without associated symptoms such as pruritus, irritation, burning sensation, and foul odor. Although Shweta Pradara is not described as an independent disease in the classical Ayurvedic texts, it is recognized as a symptom occurring in various Yonivyapadas resulting predominantly from Kapha Dosha vitiation. In modern gynecology, vulvovaginal candidiasis is a common cause of abnormal vaginal discharge, with Candida albicans accounting for the majority of infections. The increasing prevalence of antifungal resistance, recurrent infections, and adverse effects associated with prolonged use of synthetic antifungal agents has encouraged exploration of safe and effective herbal alternatives. Bilvapatra (Aegle marmelos Linn.) possesses Kashaya, Tikta, and Katu Rasa, Laghu and Ruksha Guna, Ushna Virya, and Katu Vipaka, making it suitable for alleviating Kapha and Vata predominance. Classical Ayurvedic literature and modern pharmacological studies have demonstrated antimicrobial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, wound-healing, antioxidant, and astringent activities of Bilvapatra. Bilvapatra Kashaya administered as Yonidhavan (vaginal douche) offers local cleansing, reduction of microbial load, restoration of vaginal health, and symptomatic relief. This review critically evaluates the Ayurvedic concepts of Shweta Pradara, correlates them with vulvovaginal candidiasis, and discusses the therapeutic role, pharmacological evidence, and probable mode of action of Bilvapatra Kashaya Yonidhavan. The review highlights its potential as a safe, economical, and promising local therapeutic modality while emphasizing the need for well-designed clinical trials to strengthen the evidence base.

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Shweta Pradara, Bilvapatra, Aegle marmelos, Yonidhavan, Vulvovaginal Candidiasis, Candida albicans, Ayurveda.

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Value education and inclusive education occupy a shared, if rarely jointly examined, place in the policy architecture of Indian school reform, yet evidence on whether teachers' grasp of one construct is empirically tied to their grasp of the other remains scarce, particularly outside the metropolitan centres that dominate the existing literature. This study addresses that gap by examining the awareness of secondary school teachers in Ahmedabad District, Gujarat, regarding value education and inclusive education, the strength of association between the two constructs, and the extent to which gender and school management type differentiate awareness. A descriptive survey design was employed with a multistage sample of 500 secondary and higher secondary teachers (240 male, 260 female; 250 government, 250 private) drawn from fifty schools spanning four administrative zones of the district. Two researcher-developed instruments, the Value Education Awareness Scale and the Inclusive Education Awareness Scale, each comprising forty Likert-type items across four conceptually distinct subscales, were administered following expert content validation and pilot testing that yielded excellent internal consistency (? = .93 and .94, respectively). Teachers reported moderate awareness of value education (M = 134.50, SD = 21.80, 67.25%) and inclusive education (M = 125.30, SD = 24.50, 62.65%). A strong, statistically significant positive correlation emerged between the two constructs, r(498) = .68, p < .001, indicating that approximately 46% of the variance in inclusive education awareness was shared with value education awareness. Independent samples t-tests revealed that female teachers reported significantly higher awareness than male teachers on both scales, and that the influence of school management type was construct-specific: private school teachers reported higher value education awareness, whereas government school teachers reported higher inclusive education awareness. These findings position teacher awareness of value and inclusive education as overlapping rather than independent professional competencies and suggest that integrated, management-type-sensitive professional development may be more efficient than parallel, single-construct training programmes. Implications for teacher education, school leadership, and policy implementation under the National Education Policy 2020 are discussed.

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 Keywords

teacher awareness; value education; inclusive education; secondary school teachers; National Education Policy 2020; Ahmedabad; gender differences; school management type

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