Volume 13 | Issue 7 |

 Abstract

In recent years, cctv cameras are used in various locations. The data captured by these cameras can be used for event prediction, real-time monitoring, and goal-oriented analysis, including anomaly and intrusion detection. With advancements in Artificial Intelligence, several methods are applied for anomaly detection, in which convolutional neural networks (CNNs) powered by deep-learning have improved detection accuracy. This article aims to introduce a novel deep learning- based approach for crime detection in video surveillance footage. this method has been tested on the UCSD dataset and has demonstrated improved accuracy in detecting criminal activities.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

BarcodeScanning,WarehouseAutomation,SortingSystem,EmbeddedSystems,Arduino,Stepper Motor,ServoMotor

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

In modern military operations, robots play a crucial role in carrying out high-risk tasks that are too dangerous for soldiers. Military integrated systems, including video screens, sensors, grippers, and cameras, allowing them to perform various functions effectively. These robots come in different shapes and designs, tailored to specific mission requirements. This system that utilizes a low- power IoT-based wireless sensor network to detect intruders (unauthorized individuals) and enable the robot to take necessary actions autonomously. The Intelligent Unmanned Robot (IUR) enhances national security by reducing human casualties and minimizing manual errors in defence operations. Designed specifically for military applications, this robotic system aims to protect soldiers and safeguard the nation from enemy threats. At border security posts, where tanks, missiles, and firearms pose significant dangers, the proposed robot can assist in defense operations.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Intelligent Unmanned Robot (IUR), IOT Wireless network, Military robot.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The Fuel Analyzer is a low-cost, real-time system developed to detect fuel adulteration and ensure fuel quality at petrol stations. Motivated by the need for transparency and engine safety, the device measures fuel volume, density, and purity using a combination of flow, pressure, and conductivity sensors. An Arduino Uno processes sensor inputs and displays real-time values on an (Liquid Crystal Display) LCD. The system was tested on various fuel samples, achieving up to 94% accuracy in detecting water-based adulteration. Unlike conventional analyzers, this design emphasizes portability, affordability, and easy integration with existing vehicle diagnostics. The analyzer is particularly suited for rural and small-scale fuel vendors, where manual quality checks are lacking.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Arduino UNO, Conductivity sensor, IOT- based monitoring, Embedded system, Fuel volume measurement, Fuel density analysis, Fuel purity detection, Flow sensors, Fuel adulteration detection, Fuel management system, Pressure sensors, Real-time fuel monitoring.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

This paper presents a comprehensive approach to automated motion control of servo motors using an Arduino microcontroller, specifically designed for robotic applications. The study focuses on the precise actuation, synchronization, and real-time control of a robotic arm using SG90 servo motors. By integrating Arduino's computational capabilities with sensor feedback mechanisms, the system optimizes motion accuracy, responsiveness, and efficiency. The proposed framework leverages open-source hardware and software, offering a cost-effective, scalable, and flexible solution suitable for industrial automation, robotics research, and educational purposes. Additionally, the system implements optimized control algorithms to enhance smoothness and minimize latency in motor movements. Experimental results validate the system's ability to execute coordinated and precise robotic operations, demonstrating its practical viability for real-world applications in automation and robotics

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Servo Motors, Arduino, Motion Control, Robotic Arm, Automation, Microcontroller, Real-Time Control, Sensor Feedback, Precision Actuation, Robotics.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

This study has been undertaken to investigate the determinants of stock returns in Karachi Stock Exchange (KSE) using two assets pricing models the classical Capital Asset Pricing Model and Arbitrage Pricing Theory model. To test the CAPM market return is used and macroeconomic variables are used to test the APT. The macroeconomic variables include inflation, oil prices, interest rate and exchange rate. For the very purpose monthly time series data has been arranged from Jan 2010 to Dec 2014. The analytical framework contains. This work was intends to develop a eco-friendly hybrid reinforced composite material using Jute and E-glass fibers with fly ash filler material. The effect of filler materials on the static, dynamic and wear properties has been investigated. It was found that as the percentage of fly ash is increased there is considerable decrease in the tensile and flexural strength but an incremental improvement in the hardness of the material. Dynamic analysis was carried out in order find the natural frequency and mode shapes for material. Wear test were carried out at room temperature and at constant speed and time and by varying the load. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) analysis was done on the surface of the fractured tensile specimens in order to analyze is the performance of the hybrid composite material with fly ash as filler material.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

FRC, E-glass, Jute, fly ash, SEM.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Development and Fabrication of a Bluetooth-Controlled Seed Sowing Machine" is a project aimed at making farming more efficient and less labor-intensive, especially for small-scale farmers. Sowing seeds manually can be time-consuming, tiring, and often leads to uneven distribution. This project offers a smart, affordable solution by automating the process and giving farmers better control over how seeds are planted. At the heart of the machine are two main components: an Arduino Uno and an ESP32 microcontroller. The Arduino controls a servo motor that handles the seed dispensing mechanism. This setup ensures that seeds are dropped with precision, helping maintain equal spacing and reducing waste. Meanwhile, the ESP32 with its built-in Bluetooth capability, controls four DC motors that drive the machine's movement. Using a simple smartphone app, the user can steer the machine wirelessly, adjusting direction and speed in real time. Designed to be compact, easy to use, and budget-friendly, this machine is ideal for use in small farms and varied field conditions. It doesn't require much power, and because it's Bluetooth-operated, there's no need for the farmer to follow it around or make manual adjustments constantly. This project is a great example of how technology, especially wireless communication and automation can solve real-world problems in agriculture. It helps save time, cuts down on labour, and improves planting accuracy, all while being easy to operate. In the bigger picture, it reflects a growing move toward smart farming and sustainable agricultural practices, where innovation supports both productivity and simplicity.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Bluetooth-ControlledAutomationSmart ControlSmart FarmingAgricultureESP32

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Inconel 718 is a nickel-based superalloy which is more commonly used in aerospace, marine, and chemical applications due to its mechanical strength, oxidation and corrosion resistance, and stability at high temperatures. However, these same characteristics contribute to rapid tool wear, high cutting temperatures, bad surface finish, and rising costs of machining during cutting processes. This review focuses on the effect of cryogenically treated inserts and cryogenic cooling during the turning of Inconel 718. Cryogenic treatment basically increases hardness, toughness, and wear resistance of cutting inserts through deep cooling and microstructure refinement. Cryogenic cooling using liquid nitrogen generates an effective minimal cutting zone heat along with thermal softening of the tools and suppression of built-up edge formation. Results of experimental works carried out so far demonstrates that there was significant improvement in tool life and surface integrity with reduced cutting forces due to the combination of cryo-treated inserts and cryogenic cooling. These results show the benefit that might be obtained by cryogenic strategies to improve the machinability of Inconel 718, yielding sustainable and cost-effective manufacturing processes in high-performance applications.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Inconel 718, Superalloy, Cryogenics

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Bananafibre(BNF),obtainedfromthepseudostemofthebananaplant,isattracting interest as a reinforcement material in polymer composites owing to its abundance, low cost, and eco-friendly nature. This review explores the latest developments in BNF-reinforced polymer composites (BFRPCs), focusing on their production, properties, and uses. It covers aspects like the fibres chemical makeup and surface treatments used to improvebonding with different types of polymers, including both thermoplastics and thermosets. The article also examines into the composite's mechanical strength, heat resistance, and biodegradability, as well as the methods used to manufacture them. This comprehensive analysis underscores the significant potential of BFRPCs as eco-friendly alternatives to synthetic composites in advancing a circular economy and sustainable development

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Natural Fibres; Polymer Composites; Sustainable Materials; Mechanical Properties

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Nanoparticle; Nanofluids; Artificial neural network (ANN); Stability Analysis; Regression Modelling; Thermal conductivity

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

With growing concern for the environment and stricter rules on using petroleum-based cutting fluids, there's been a strong push toward finding cleaner and safer alternatives in machining. Bio-oils made from plants, used cooking oil, and animal fats are standing out as promising options--they're less toxic, break down more easily in the environment, and offer great lubrication. This paper reviews how these bio-oils are being used in machining processes. It takes a closer look at their impact on overall machining performance also examines how enhancing bio-oils with nanoparticles or modifying them chemically can boost their effectiveness for industrial use. Comparative studies show that, in some cases, bio-oils can match or even outperform traditional fluids. Still, challenges like how well they hold up over time, how they're stored, and their cost need to be addressed. Overall, this review highlights the growing role of bio-oils in making manufacturing cleaner and more sustainable.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

WCO, sustainability, machining, bio-oils, cutting fluids, lubrication

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition