Volume 13 | Issue 7 |

 Abstract

Abstract: Introduction: Intravenous (IV) therapy is an important part of clinical care. It can be used to restore fluids, administer blood products or medications, or serve as an alternate route for nutrition when the gastrointestinal tract is not functioning adequately. IV therapy is a common intervention in nursing practice and useful for rapidly addressing symptoms and restoring hemostasis. Although initiating IV therapy is a common nursing intervention, it is an invasive skill and requires diligent safety practices to prevent and address complications. Intravenous therapy (IV therapy) involves the administration of substances such as fluids, electrolytes, blood products, nutrition, or medications directly into a client 's vein. The intravenous route is preferred to administer fluid and medications when rapid onset of the medication or fluid is needed. The direct administration of medication into the bloodstream allows for a more rapid onset of medication actions, restoration of hydration, and correction of nutritional deficits. IV therapy is often used to restore fluids and/or electrolyte balances more efficiently than what would be achieved via the oral route. Aim: The Study was undertaken to evaluate the effectiveness of A comparative study to evaluate the effectiveness of Video Demonstration Teaching Method versus Manual Demonstration Teaching Method on Knowledge regarding Intravenous Procedure among BSc. Nursing Students of BTNC, Sagar, MP, India. OBJECTIVES: Primary Objective: ? To determine if video demonstrations are more effective than manual demonstrations for teaching intravenous procedures. Methodology: This comparison study was conducted on 66 under B.sc nursing student who were randomly assigned to two group. Group A attended a classroom demonstration method and group B underwent video-based teaching on intravenous procedure. Learning level of both the groups was compared by using independent 't' test Result: The Pretest knowledge was notified that mean 16.75, standard deviation is 3.93 and minimum value 6.00 or maximum value is 25.00. The Post-test knowledge was notified that mean 26.30, standard deviation is 4.27 and minimum value 13.00 or maximum value is 35.00. Pre-test practice was notified that mean 20.51, standard deviation is 6.57 and minimum value 6.00 or maximum value is 33.00. The Posttest practice was notified that mean 39.50, standard deviation is 5.05 and minimum value 15.00 or maximum value is 48.00. After completing this study, study came to the conclusion that the students of B.Sc. Nursing in a selected university in Dehradun, Uttarakhand, had little understanding of cannulation and its care Conclusion: The study concludes by highlighting the intravenous procedure knowledge among the B.sc nursing student at BTNC Sagar M P. By providing them a knowledge in two ways, the video demonstration and the manual demonstration and compare the effectiveness. So, there can be less malpractice followed and no error can be seen in patient. It will help to provide the good quality of care to the patient and cost effective.

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KEYWORDS: Evaluate, Effectiveness, Knowledge, Video Demonstration, Manual Demonstration, Student.

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In an age where expression is abundant, silence remains a powerful and subversive literary device. This paper explores how silence functions not merely as absence but as a form of resistance in modern fiction. Through the analysis of key contemporary works--including those by Toni Morrison, Kazuo Ishiguro, and Arundhati Roy--this study examines how characters and narrators use silence to confront trauma, reject authority, and preserve agency. The research also investigates the thematic and structural use of unsaid or unspoken elements, arguing that silence, when deliberately employed, becomes a language of protest, memory, and power.

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Silence in literature, Literary resistance, Trauma narratives, Narrative structure, Unspeakable experiences, Modern fiction

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The Accessible Wardrobe app is an innovative, mobile-based solution specifically designed to address the clothing needs of disabled individuals and busy professionals who often face challenges in traditional shopping environments. The app is built on the principles of universal design, digital accessibility, and smart shopping experiences, offering users the ability to explore, try, rent, and purchase clothing with ease and personalization. At its core, the application leverages Augmented Reality (AR) and Virtual Reality (VR) technologies to enable a Virtual Try-On (VTO) Room, where users can upload their personal images and visualize how different garments will look on them in real-time. This drastically reduces guesswork and enhances user confidence when making style decisions--especially for users who may be physically unable to try clothes on in traditional stores. The virtual try on feature improves user satisfaction and minimizes returns, which is a common problem in online shopping. The platform provides three primary modes of engagement: A Clothing Purchase Module, where users can buy from a wide variety of curated outfits categorized by gender, type, size, and color. A Clothing Rental Service, designed for short-term needs like weddings, interviews, or events. This not only supports sustainable fashion practices but also makes high-quality clothing more affordable and accessible. A Virtual Try-On, It helps users to select their desired dresses, through the image uploaded in the profile they can easily try the clothes that suits on it Track customer history and preferences.

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Virtual Try-On Room, Augmented Reality, Clothing Rental Module, Clothing Purchase Module, Virtual Reality.

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In India, where it has lengthy been debatable for the law to well-known a husband's sexual abuse of his spouse, marital rape is still a major trouble. The felony and social ramifications of marital rape in India are tested in this text along with its many facets. The belief of marital rape and its unique placing in Indian society are delivered on the outset, with a focal point on how cultural and traditional norms have traditionally included offenders from prison repercussions. With references to pertinent sections of the Indian Penal Code (IPC) or the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita (BNS), the legal shape surrounding marital rape is reviewed, with a specific awareness on the lack of laws mainly addressing the crime and the absence of exceptions for marital rape. A comparative evaluation gives viewpoints that may be beneficial in the Indian context with the aid of dropping mild on how different international locations have tackled marital rape via criminal reforms. Because they often thwart attempts to make marital rape against the law, sociological and cultural impediments like patriarchy, gender inequality, and the acceptability of male electricity in marriage are tested. The massive psychological and bodily effects that marital rape has on survivors, in addition to the broader societal repercussions, are also blanketed within the article. Given those problems, the have a look at suggests legislative adjustments, public cognizance projects, and survivor assist networks as methods to well-known and combat marital rape.

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IPC, BNS, Martial tape

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Education is one of the most significant factors which determine the social change in any society. It is widely recognized as a major factor influencing an individual's social as well as economic success, as it provides a pathway to improved opportunities and a better quality of life (OECD, 2020). According to Nelson Mandela, "Education is the most powerful weapon which you can use to change the world." Education plays a significant role in modernizing society. It enriches the knowledge, skills and personality of individuals to enhance the quality of life of individuals in the society. The impact of education is observed on all the communities. Bhalavalikar Gauda Saraswath Brahmins are one of the caste groups found in Dakshina Kannada District. The present paper aims at elaborating the educational status of the Bhalavalikar Gauda Saraswath Brahmin community. The paper includes the study of the level of education, parental aspiration regarding their children education and changes that have taken place due to their educational achievements. The present study is based on primary source of data collected from four Taluks of Dakshina Kannada district, namely Sullia, Puttur, Bantwala and Belthangady taluk. The study is both qualitative and quantitative in nature. Based on non-probability purposive sampling method 200 respondents were selected for the present study.

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Education, Educational Status, change, Parental aspiration, Bhalavalikar Gauda Saraswat Brahmins.

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The increasing demand for natural and effective skincare products has led to the development of facewashes incorporating antimicrobial agents derived from plant-based sources. This study focuses on the formulation, characterization and evaluation of a facewash enriched with antimicrobial ingredients, including extracts from coconut leaves, known for their potent antimicrobial activity. The facewash formulation combines surfactants with natural extracts such as coconut leaf extract, to enhance skin health and combat microbial growth. The antimicrobial activity was assessed using standard methods against common skin pathogens, including Escherichia coli. Results demonstrated significant antimicrobial efficacy, alongside favourable pH balance, viscosity, and skin compatibility. The facewash exhibited strong cleansing performance with minimal irritation, suggesting its potential as an effective, natural alternative for daily skincare routines.

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Antimicrobial activity, Coconut leaf, Tamarind seeds, Semisynthetic, Skin compatible.

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Homeopathy offers a holistic and individualized approach to dental pain management, particularly when conventional treatments are contraindicated or offer limited benefit. Boenninghausen's Therapeutic Pocket Book (TBR2) was chosen in this study due to its logical structure, emphasis on modalities and concomitants, and ease of application in busy outpatient settings where rapid yet precise prescribing is required. This retrospective audit evaluated 35 dental cases managed between 2021 and 2024 using individualized homeopathic prescriptions based on TBR2 repertorization. The most commonly encountered diagnoses were dental abscess (37%), neuralgic toothache (34%), and gingivitis (17%). Remedies such as Belladonna (26%), Hepar sulphuris calcareum (20%), and Mercurius solubilis (17%) were most frequently prescribed. Clinical improvement was observed in 88.5% of cases, with 74% of patients reporting moderate to marked relief within 48 to 72 hours. The average time to initial improvement was 2.3 days. The findings suggest that TBR2 provides an efficient and reliable framework for remedy selection in acute and suba

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Homeopathy, Dental Pain, Boenninghausen's Repertory, Case Series, Integrative Dentistry

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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This study explores the digital marketing strategies employed by Selvas Kids Wear India Pvt. Ltd., a prominent children's apparel brand in India. With the rise of digital platforms, the company has strategically adopted methods such as social media marketing, influencer collaborations, email campaigns, SEO, and pay-per-click advertising to strengthen brand awareness, customer engagement, and sales performance. Through primary data collected from 155 respondents and secondary sources, the research analyzes consumer behavior, interaction patterns, and campaign effectiveness. Statistical tools including ANOVA, Chi-square, and rank analysis were used to evaluate demographic influences and marketing outcomes. Key findings indicate that social media and influencer marketing are the most impactful, while email campaigns and WhatsApp engagement play supporting roles. Challenges such as low customer retention and high cart abandonment rates are noted, with recommendations for improving personalization, user experience, and referral programs. The study concludes that digital strategies are crucial for growth in the competitive kidswear market.

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Kids Fashion India

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Accurate colour reproduction in print media is critically influenced by the physical properties of the substrate, yet traditional colour appearance models (CAMs) often overlook these effects. This study investigates how four common paper substrates--glossy, matte, coated, and uncoated--modulate perceived colour attributes such as chroma, lightness, and overall visual quality. Using a multifaceted methodology combining spectrophotometric measurement, psychophysical evaluation, and spatial fidelity analysis, we quantify the perceptual impact of substrate characteristics on printed colour. Empirical results reveal significant perceptual and statistical differences among substrates, with glossy and coated papers producing higher visual clarity and colour fidelity. Modifications to the CIECAM02 model incorporating substrate-specific parameters led to substantial improvements in predictive accuracy, reducing mean absolute error (MAE) by over 60% across all media. The study also introduces the concept of perceptual resilience--the ability of a substrate to maintain colour consistency under varying illumination--highlighting its potential for colour-critical applications. These findings suggest that integrating material-aware parameters into CAMs enhances their real-world reliability and positions the research within the broader imperative of sustainable, high-fidelity print production.

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Colour Appearance Models, Substrate Gloss, Print Media, CIECAM02, iCAM06, Spectral Reflectance, Visual Perception, Printing Technology, Chroma, Lightness, Observer Evaluation, Colour Fidelity, Substrate-Specific Calibration, Perceptual Resilience, Sustainable Printing

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Rabindranath Tagore founded a Brahmacharya Vidyalaya in Santiniketan in 1901 with the admirable goal of promoting the pupils' mental well-being. Rabindranath Tagore established an educational institution with several key principles, including outdoor courses, diverse instruction, and closeness to nature. It is clear that raising the degree of student happiness is the aim of all these rules. A century earlier, Tagore had employed similar positive psychology ideas in his educational trials. The current study's modest purpose is to trace Tagore's educational achievements in vocational and technical education. Vocational training is also vitally important for the pupils. The students will be able to support themselves through it. In order to have the opportunity to establish themselves in their lives, the students must receive training in their respective disciplines. Vocationalization of education is quite prevalent in India's 21st-century educational system. Since they are in school, students typically receive vocational training as part of their education.

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Rabindranath Tagore, Santiniketan, Vocational Education, Skill Education

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition