Volume 14 | Issue 6 |

 Abstract

Gridhrasi, one of the prominent Vata Vyadhi described in Ayurvedic classics, closely resembles sciatica in contemporary medicine due to its characteristic radiating pain extending from the lumbar region to the lower limb. The increasing prevalence of sedentary lifestyle, occupational stress, and degenerative spinal disorders has contributed to a significant rise in sciatica-related morbidity, adversely affecting functional ability and quality of life. Ayurveda offers a multidimensional therapeutic approach for Gridhrasi, among which Basti is considered the most effective intervention owing to its specific action on aggravated Vata Dosha.The present review aims to critically evaluate the clinical utility of Basti in the management of Gridhrasi through an integrative Ayurvedic perspective. Classical Ayurvedic literature, contemporary research articles, and available clinical studies related to Basti Chikitsa were analyzed to understand its therapeutic relevance, probable mechanisms, and clinical outcomes. The review highlights the role of various forms of Basti, including Niruha Basti and Anuvasana Basti, in alleviating pain, stiffness, restricted movement, and neurological symptoms associated with Gridhrasi. Additionally, the probable mechanisms of action are discussed in relation to Vata Shamana, anti-inflammatory effects, neuromuscular modulation, and systemic therapeutic influence.The available evidence suggests that Basti may provide substantial symptomatic relief and functional improvement in patients suffering from Gridhrasi when administered with appropriate therapeutic planning. However, further well-designed clinical trials and standardized treatment protocols are required to strengthen the evidence base and enhance the integration of Ayurvedic therapeutics into contemporary musculoskeletal care.

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 Keywords

Gridhrasi,Basti,Panchakarma,Vata Vyadhi,Sciatica,Integrative Ayurveda

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The Magnetic Transmission Vehicle is a prototype designed to demonstrate contactless power transmission using neodymium magnets. The system is powered by a 12V DC motor (30 RPM) and transmits torque through magnetic coupling between two flanges without direct mechanical contact. The setup includes a 12 mm shaft, bevel gears, pedestal bearings, and 5-inch wheels mounted on a steel frame. The main objective of the project is to reduce noise, vibration, wear, and maintenance compared to conventional transmission systems. The magnetic transmission mechanism provides smooth operation across a small air gap while maintaining effective torque transfer. Design calculations for torque, magnetic force, gear ratio, and vehicle speed were performed and verified successfully. The project demonstrates the potential use of magnetic transmission systems in applications such as medical devices, food-processing equipment, underwater systems, and precision machinery, where clean and low-maintenance operation is important.

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Bevel Gear, Contactless Transmission, Magnetic Coupling, Neodymium Magnets, Pedestal Bearing, Torque Transmission, 12V DC Motor

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Plant extract consist of more effective drugs of plant origin are useful in treatment of disease. Neem (Azadirachta indica) shows antimicrobial activity as well as antiviral, antifungal and antibacterial activity. The activity of neem is due to the bitter taste of neem leaves. Due to this bitter o Tulsi, it is a medicinal herb plant. This plant is mainly available in all places. It is also known as( Ocimum sanctum). Tulsi leaves are traditionally used in medicinal system.The qualitative screening of tulsi leaves consist of bioactive chemical compound like alkaloids, glycosides, flavonoids, phenolic compounds and saponins etc.taste, presence of components like alkaloid, flavonoids, glycosides etc. Coriander-The coriander is an herbaceous plant. It belongs to the family Apiaceae. It is also known as (Coriandrum sativum).The seeds of coriander consist of small, globular fruits. It is used as a spice. It is also used to help in digestion, heart health, and has anti-inflammatory activity. It plays an important role in the treatment and prevention of many diseases. The phytochemical screening of coriander consists of various chemical constituents, i.e., alkaloids, glycosides, flavonoids, and tannins.

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 Keywords

Neem, Tulsi, Coriander, Evaluation Parameters.

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Abstract Exposure to ultra-violet (UV) radiation is one of the predominant sources of skin damage, leading to sunburnt, premature aging, hyper-pigmentation, as well as increases the risk of skin disorders. As natural and safe cosmetic products are becoming a high demand by the consumers, natural herbal sunscreen has got a great deal of attention. Hence, the present study involves the formulation and evaluation of a herbal sunscreen cream by using carrot seed oil as natural photo-protectant. Carrot seed oil has rich amount of antioxidants, carotenoids, vitamins, and fatty acids responsible for protection against oxidative stress and UV damage. Herbal sunscreen formulation was developed with the combination of carrot seed oil along with other natural ingredients such as aloe vera gel, beeswax along with appropriate excipients to give a stable and effective cream formulation which was further analyzed for physical appearance, pH, viscosity, spreadability, homogeneity, stability as well as skin compatibility. The SPF value was calculated for the formulated herbal sunscreen. It was found that formulation possesses good stability, a smooth texture and was easy to spread and has a pleasing skin feel. Carrot seed oil added to the formulation exhibits skin protecting as well as antioxidative action. Hence, the application of carrot seed oil as an active ingredient in sunscreen formulation could be considered as an effective natural sunscreen which protects skin and minimizes the use of synthetic sun screening agents.

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Keywords: Herbal Sunscreen, Carrot Seed Oil, Photoprotection, SPF, Ultraviolet Radiation, Antioxidant Activity, Natural Skincare.

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Abstract -- Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) has emerged as a critical determinant of human health, comfort, and cognitive productivity, particularly as urbanization leads individuals to spend approximately 90% of their lives in enclosed environments. Conventional ventilation systems, which typically operate on static schedules or manual controls, fail to respond to dynamic fluctuations in pollutant concentrations and occupancy levels. This lack of adaptability often results in an insufficient air circulation leading to the accumulation of hazardous contaminants such as carbon dioxide, VOCs and significant energy inefficiency due to unnecessary operation. This paper presents a comprehensive study on the design and implementation of an intelligent, IoT-based Smart Ventilation System. By integrating low-cost, high-efficiency sensors such as the MQ-135 for air quality and the DHT11 for temperature and humidity, the system enables real-time environmental monitoring via a microcontroller platform. The proposed solution utilizes automated control algorithms to dynamically adjust exhaust fan speeds and air intake based on live sensor feedback, facilitating Demand-Controlled Ventilation. This project focuses on technical simplicity and low power consumption, making it a feasible intervention for residential, educational, and commercial spaces. The system bridges the gap between environmental health and energy conservation to provide a cost-effective path toward healthier indoor ecosystems.

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-- Smart Ventilation System, Indoor Air Quality (IAQ), Internet of Things (IoT), MQ135 Sensor, DHT11 Sensor, Arduino Uno, Automated Ventilation, Air Quality Monitoring, Energy Efficiency, Environmental Monitoring, Smart Building, HVAC Automation, Real-Time Monitoring.

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Prescription pattern evaluation is a useful method for examining how medicines are prescribed in healthcare settings. It helps identify prescribing trends among healthcare professionals and determines whether medicines are being used appropriately and effectively. Irrational prescribing practices, such as excessive use of multiple medicines, unnecessary antibiotic prescriptions, and inappropriate drug choices, can increase treatment costs, cause adverse drug reactions, and negatively affect patient health outcomes. This study was carried out to assess prescribing patterns in a hospital and evaluate the rational use of medicines. A cross-sectional observational approach was adopted, and prescriptions were collected and reviewed over a defined study period. Several prescribing indicators were analyzed, including the average number of medicines prescribed per patient, the use of generic and brand names, the frequency of antibiotic and injectable drug prescriptions, and the completeness of prescription information. The analysis showed that many prescriptions contained multiple medications, indicating a trend toward polypharmacy. Antibiotics were prescribed frequently, and in some cases their use appeared unnecessary, which may contribute to the growing problem of antimicrobial resistance. The study also found that brand-name prescribing was more common than generic prescribing, potentially increasing the financial burden on patients. Furthermore, some prescriptions lacked important information such as dosage instructions, duration of therapy, and other essential details required for safe medication use. The findings emphasize the need for regular monitoring and evaluation of prescribing practices. Prescription audits can help identify areas for improvement and encourage rational drug use. Overall, continuous assessment and appropriate interventions are important for promoting safe, effective, and cost-efficient medication therapy, ultimately improving the quality of healthcare services and patient outcomes.I. .

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 Keywords

Prescription Pattern Evaluation, Rational Drug Use, Hospital Prescriptions, Drug Utilization Study, Prescribing Practices, Medication Safety, Polypharmacy, Antibiotic Use, Generic Prescribing, Essential Medicines, Clinical Pharmacy, Healthcare Quality, Drug Therapy Assessment, Prescription Monitoring, Patient Safety, Medication Errors, Drug Interactions, Pharmacovigilance, Rational Prescribing, and WHO Prescribing Indicators.

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Hyperparameter optimization (HPO) of deep neural networks is a computationally expensive black-box problem that significantly affects model performance. Manual tuning is impractical for modern architectures, motivating the use of automated optimization methods. This paper proposes a hybrid metaheuristic algorithm that integrates the Aquila Optimizer (AO) with Genetic Algorithm (GA) operators for automated HPO of a convolutional neural network (CNN). The proposed method incorporates three mechanisms: opposition-based learning (OBL) for population initialization, a cosine-annealed mutation schedule, and distance-aware archive-guided crossover to preserve population diversity during exploitation. The optimizer searches for four CNN hyperparameters--learning rate, batch size, dropout rate, and SGD momentum--by minimizing classification error on a validation set. Experiments are conducted on four image classification benchmarks: MNIST, Fashion-MNIST, EMNIST, and CIFAR-10, using three independent random seeds and a fixed evaluation budget of 610 fitness evaluations per run. The proposed hybrid achieves accuracies of 98.87%, 89.38%, 99.08%, and 62.38% on the respective datasets, consistently outperforming the standalone AO and achieving performance comparable to the GA, with the largest improvement observed on Fashion-MNIST (+0.37%).

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Hyperparameter Optimization, Convolutional Neural Networks, Aquila Optimizer, Genetic Algorithm, Metaheuristic Optimization, Opposition-Based Learning, Cosine Annealing.

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Background: Escherichia coli continue to be the most prevalent causal organism for UTIs, which are among the most prevalent bacterial infections observed in typical clinical settings. The dependability of traditional empirical regimens has been undermined by the increasing appearance of multidrug-resistant uropathogens. To support sensible prescribing, region-specific antibiograms are required, especially in central India where there is a dearth of available data. Objectives: To ascertain E. coli frequency in urine culture isolates and to describe its profile of antibiotic sensitivity, including the prevalence of multidrug resistance (MDR). Methods: Over the course of eighteen months, a cross-sectional research was carried out at the microbiology department of a tertiary care teaching hospital in Indore, Madhya Pradesh. Clinically suspected UTI patients provided 350 mid-stream clean-catch urine specimens. The calibrated loop technique was used to process the specimens on CLED and MacConkey agar, and >=10 CFU/mL was considered serious bacteriuria. Standard biochemical processes were used to identify E. coli.Mueller-Hinton agar was tested for antibiotic susceptibility using the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method in accordance with CLSI M100 (2023) criteria. Non-susceptibility to at least one agent in three or more antimicrobial classes was the definition of MDR according to the Magiorakos criterion. Results: 97 (27.7%) of the 350 specimens that were processed had substantial bacteriuria. Pseudomonas aeruginosa (9.3%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (11.3%) were the next most common isolates, with E. coli accounting for 60 out of 97 culture-positive samples (61.9%). 62.9% of all positive cultures came from people between the ages of 20 and 49. The 60 E. Coli isolates showed the greatest levels of resistance to ampicillin (86.7%), cotrimoxazole (66.7%), ciprofloxacin (63.3%), and third-generation cephalosporins (46.7 to 60.0%). The best activity was maintained by amikacin (21.7%), nitrofurantoin (15.0%), piperacillin-tazobactam (13.3%), and imipenem (6.7%). Outpatient isolates had a slightly higher MDR rate (97.6%) than inpatient isolates (89.5%), with 57 out of 60 isolates (95.0%) meeting the criteria for multidrug resistance. Conclusions: Resistance to commonly prescribed oral agents has reached a level at which empirical use of ampicillin, cotrimoxazole or fluoroquinolones is no longer justifiable in this setting. While carbapenems, aminoglycosides, and ?-lactamase-inhibitor combos ought to be preserved for difficult or hospital-acquired infections, nitrofurantoin is still a reasonable option for simple lower UTIs in the community. A functional antimicrobial stewardship program and routine urine culture prior to starting treatment are now required, not optional.

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Escherichia coli, multidrug resistance, tertiary care hospital,urinary tract infection, central India, antibiotic resistance, and antimicrobial stewardship.

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The bilateral relationship between India and China has evolved into a paradoxical condition best described as 'stable instability'--a persistent structural state in which open conflict is avoided yet genuine normalization remains elusive. This paper analyses the systemic drivers, historical antecedents, and contemporary manifestations of this condition. Drawing on power-transition theory, complex interdependence frameworks, and constructivist perspectives on identity and threat perception, the study argues that recurring border friction, asymmetric economic integration, and competing regional orders collectively produce a self-reinforcing equilibrium of managed tension. The paper examines the 2020 Galwan Valley clash as an inflection point that crystallized the new normal, traces subsequent confidence-deficit dynamics, and evaluates the structural constraints that render full strategic rapprochement improbable. It concludes that both states have implicitly accepted the logic of competitive coexistence, and that future stability hinges on institutionalizing crisis-management mechanisms rather than resolving the underlying strategic rivalry.

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 Keywords

India-China relations; stable instability; border disputes; competitive coexistence; power transition; Galwan Valley; strategic rivalry

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Microplastic pollution represents a severe, escalating systemic threat to global public health and environmental integrity. These persistent polymer fragments--measuring between 1 nm and 5 mm--infiltrate biological systems via oral ingestion, inhalation, and dermal exposure. Once inside the organism, they resist standard elimination mechanisms, accumulate chronically within vital organs, and trigger low-grade tissue vitiation. This paper establishes a comprehensive conceptual bridge between the contemporary toxicology of microplastics and the classical Ayurvedic framework of Dushi Visha (attenuated, latent, or cumulative toxins). Historically defined by Acharya Sushruta as an altered, low-potency poison that evades total metabolic expulsion due to encapsulation by Kapha dosha, Dushi Visha remains dormant until environmental or metabolic triggers cause system-wide disruption.This paper analyzes classical texts (Sushruta Samhita, Charaka Samhita, and Ashtanga Hridaya) alongside modern toxicological profiles of polymers like Polyethylene (PE), Polystyrene (PS), and Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC). Our findings indicate a 90% functional alignment between the pathodynamics of microplastic bioaccumulation and the clinical stages of Dushi Visha. Both entities display identical properties of low immediate lethal potency (Alpa-veerya), high tissue affinity (Dhatu-pradushana), and aggravation by environmental shifts (Kala and Desha). This cross-disciplinary synthesis provides an innovative, integrative therapeutic model. It combines contemporary cellular detoxification strategies with traditional Ayurvedic Agada Tantra protocols (Dushivishari Gulika and Panchakarma) to mitigate the chronic burden of plastic accumulation in the human body.

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 Keywords

Dushi Visha, Microplastic, pollution

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