Volume 14 | Issue 6 |

 Abstract

Beach tourism is a visible and livelihood-oriented component of coastal tourism in India. The recent revision of India's coastline to 11,098.81 km expands the planning base for coastal destinations, including mainland states and island territories. This paper examines the contribution of Blue Flag beaches to sustainable beach tourism by linking certification standards with official coastline data, Ministry of Tourism tourist visits statistics and beach/coastal destination development initiatives. The study is descriptive and analytical and uses secondary data from Government of India sources, including Ministry of Tourism statistical statements, Parliamentary replies and Press Information Bureau releases. The analysis shows that Blue Flag beaches contribute to sustainability through improved environmental management, bathing-water quality, safety services, visitor information, cleanliness, accessibility and destination branding. State-wise tourist visit data also show that large coastal states such as Tamil Nadu, Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh record high domestic tourist visits, while Maharashtra, West Bengal and Gujarat are leading coastal states in foreign tourist visits. However, the study finds a major data gap: official national statistics are mostly State/UT-wise and do not provide regular beach-wise footfall. The paper recommends beach-wise visitor monitoring, wider adoption of Blue Flag standards, community participation and stronger integration of tourism development with coastal conservation.

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 Keywords

Blue Flag beaches, sustainable beach tourism, coastal tourism, Ministry of Tourism, tourist footfall, coastline length, India.

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Since ancient times, the Indian Knowledge Tradition has presented a holistic approach to education, primarily emphasizing the intellectual, moral, social, and spiritual development of students for their overall upliftment. In the current modern era, the education system has become predominantly vocational and examination-centric; consequently, numerous obstacles have arisen regarding the holistic development of students. In this specific context, the National Education Policy 2020 places special emphasis on the re-establishment of the Indian Knowledge Tradition and on educational inclusion (Ministry of Education, 2020). This education policy underscores the necessity of integrating traditional Indian knowledge with formal education to foster values, ethics, social consciousness, cultural awareness, and life skills development in the lives of students. Through the cultivation of Yoga, spirituality, meditation, the Sanskrit language, culture, the Vedas and Upanishads, and experiential learning, an endeavor has been made to promote a sense of self-discipline, concentration, and self-realization among students. The integration of the Indian Knowledge Tradition into students' lives facilitates knowledge acquisition, values-based education, and sensitivity, while fostering their development into self-reliant citizens (Altekar, 2009). This research abstract elucidates the fact that, through the policy formulation of the National Education Policy 2020, the resurgence of the Indian Knowledge Tradition is of paramount importance and relevance for the holistic development of students' lives.

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 Keywords

Indian Knowledge Tradition, National Education Policy 2020, Values-based Education, Yoga, Meditation

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The Indian knowledge system is one of the oldest Vedic education system. Modernization and mediated cultural imperialism, has obliterated traditional Indian knowledge system. This trend has led to cultural erosion in India. But in this present digital era, with the help of audio and video podcasts, the Indian knowledge system is being broadcasted to the audience in very unique way. This study is basically a content analysis of various digital media videos and podcasts. The study emphases the influence of Indian knowledge system and its varying dimensions. The study reviews podcasts of Prof B. Mahadevan and Br. Ved Chaitanya, discussing Indian Traditional Knowledge system. The study analysed themes and issues ranging from its introduction to that of western cultural influence. The study also examines its impact on the Indian audience in relation to the "Chinfo youtube channel". The research similarly analyses Dr. Raj Vedam in "Life of Beer Biceps" youtube channel too, which discusses how Indians were scientifically advanced in ancient civilisations. A content analysis on "Echoes of India" an audio podcasts about ancient and medieval Indian civilisations was done in detail. The study also examines the role of digital media in preserving Indian knowledge system and its importance in building Indian education system.

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Keywords: Digital Media, Youtube, Podcasts, Videos, Policy, Ancient, Vedic, Cultural, Tradition, Media, Western Education.

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Traditional games of Assam reflect the cultural richness, creativity, and simplicity of rural life. The materials, may be called implements, used in western part of Assam as a hole in particular are drawn from many sources. These are collected widely from natural sources and from the surrounding. Sometimes materials are taken from unwanted and wasted things, lying scattered in the environment and in some cases parts of such things are also used in playing such games. Unlike elite games implements for traditional games are managed on the spot, of course there are some readymade implements like kadis (cowries), latims (tops), gutis (pawns), biringguti (marbles), tac (card) etc. This study explores the types of play materials used in traditional games of Assam, their sources, cultural significance, and role in child development. The research adopts a qualitative methodology based on observation, interviews, and secondary sources. The findings reveal that indigenous play materials are eco-friendly, cost-effective, and deeply connected to the socio-cultural environment of Assamese society.

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Traditional games, Play materials, Assam indigenous cultural, Playing areas or Venus.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

???????? ????? ?? ??????? '?????????' ????? ??????? ?? ?? ?????????? ??????? ??? ??, ?????? ???-?????, ??????? ?? ?????? ??????? ?? ???-??? ??????-???????? ?? ???????? ?? ?? ????? ?????? ????? ??? ???????? ?????? ?? ???????? ??????? ??? ????? ?????????? ?? ???????? ???? ??? ????????? ???? ??????? ?? ?????? ?? ??????????? ????, ????? ??????????, ????? ?? ???????? ??????-?????? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ??? ???? ?? ????? ????????????--???????, ?????, ??????? ??????? ?? ??????--?? ????? ???? ??? ?? ???? ??????? ?? ???? ???? ??? ??????? ??? ???????? ?? ????????? ?? ?????? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ?????-???????? ?? ?? ????? ??? ????? ??? ???, ????? ????????? ????? ?? ???? ?? ??????? ?? ???-????? ?? ??? ??? ??????? ???? ????? ???? ?????????? ?????, ?????????? ?? ????????? ?? ??????? ?? ?????? ??? ?? ?????? ?? ???????? ??????? ????????? ?? ?????? ???? ??? ????? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ???? ?? ?? ???????? ????? ?? ????????? ?? ?????? ?? ?????? ?? ?? ???????? ?? ???????? ?????????? ?? ??? ??? ???????? ???? ??? ????? '?????????' ???? ???????? ??????? ????, ????? ????? ??????? ??? ??????-????? ?? ????-??????? ?? ?????????? ???????? ?? ????????? ???? ???? ?? ????????? ???? ?? ???

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- ?????????, ???????? ?????, ??????-???????, ????-?????, ??????-??????????, ??????????, ????? ????????

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With increasing mean maximum temperature, decreasing mean minimum temperature, temperature related extreme weather events like heat wave and cold wave are increasing and causing adverse impact through human death. An effort is made to find out the adverse impact of increasing range of temperature by the means of heat and cold wave on human society of the study area. Annual range of temperature is increasing .Intensity of both events are increasing. Annual frequency of heat and cold waves are correlated with their annual casualty. Casualty of severe heat and cold waves are more than that of moderate intensity.

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Temperature trend; Heat and cold waves; Casualty; Correlation

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The rapid implementation of Large Language Models (LLMs) development in personal, organisational, and societal areas has increased concerns on the issue of ethical alignment and sustainability of genuine feedback, especially regarding the metrics that are used in evaluating these models. This paper presents a comparative analysis of LLM families such as GPT (OpenAI), Claude (Anthropic), Gemini (Google), DeepSeek, and OpenAI Experimental models through an ethical performance and cost efficiency analysis. Based on Reinforcement Learning with AI Feedback (RLAIF), an ethically labelled dataset was composed of 500 prompts on sensitive and practical domains and evaluated through four dimensions, Safety, Helpfulness, Empathy, and Reasoning. The findings confirm that the models have a high alignment with Safety, which suggest the presence of well-developed harm-prevention mechanisms. On the contrary, there remains a significant variation across dimensions of Helpfulness and Reasoning. Claude and DeepSeek have more ethical profiles that are balanced, but the models of OpenAI Experimental focus on safety over utility, and the models of Gemini have less powerful reasoning. A parallel analysis on the prices also shows that there has been a clear differentiation in the costs in the LLM system; most of the models are in the low-end cost bracket, and a few high-end models are in the high costs bracket. In conclusion, the results indicate that the moral complacency and cost efficiency depends on the situation, which is why there is a need to make task-specific and economically informed choices of the models.

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Large Language Models, Ethical Alignment, RLHF, AI Safety, Cost Analysis

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R. Indumathi Ph.D. Research Scholar (Part-Time External), Department of Economics, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar, Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu, India. Dr. P. Nalraj Research Supervisor & Associate Professor (Deputation), Department of Economics, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar, Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu, India. Abstract Non-Performing Assets (NPAs) have emerged as a major challenge affecting the stability and performance of the Indian banking sector. A high level of NPAs adversely impacts bank profitability, reduces credit expansion, weakens financial stability, and ultimately affects economic growth. The Government of India and the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) have introduced several reforms, including the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code (IBC), Asset Reconstruction Companies (ARCs), and bank recapitalization measures to address this issue. This study examines the impact of NPAs on India's economic growth by analyzing trends in Gross Non-Performing Assets (GNPA), GDP growth, and banking sector performance during the period 2020-2025. The study is based on secondary data collected from RBI reports, Economic Surveys, journals, and government publications. The findings reveal that declining NPAs have strengthened the banking sector, improved credit availability, and contributed positively to economic growth.

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Keywords: Non-Performing Assets, Economic Growth, Gross NPA, Banking Sector, GDP Growth, Financial Stability.

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Electoral processes across corporate, governmental, and academic domains frequently suffer from low voter turnout and manual oversight errors. In university environments, student turnout is systematically depressed by physical queues, scheduling bottlenecks, and a general lack of candidate policy awareness. This research presents a secure, user-friendly digital voting and polling prototype designed to modernize student union elections while guaranteeing absolute ballot secrecy. The system features an integrated face and fingerprint authentication pipeline that binds a citizen's physical identity directly to state or institutional registries. By processing facial matrices strictly within volatile, temporary memory and isolating biometric data from the final encrypted ballot payload, the platform eliminates security vulnerabilities like identity theft without compromising anonymity. Analytical evaluations against contemporary industry benchmarks demonstrate that the application streamlines ballot casting, provides administrative kiosk health metrics, and prevents fraudulent duplicate voting, successfully bridging the historical gap between rigid cryptographic security and voter convenience. Keywords--Electoral Integrity, User Accessibility, Facial Recognition, Ballot Anonymity, Automated Verification, Smart Kiosks.

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Voting, Face, Face recognition, Smart Voting.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The healthcare industry has experienced significant changes due to the continuous growth of digital technologies. Among the most notable innovations are online pharmacies and digital healthcare platforms, which have improved the way healthcare services are delivered and accessed. These platforms make use of internet-based systems, mobile technologies, telemedicine, artificial intelligence, and electronic health records to provide healthcare solutions that are more efficient, accessible, and patient-centered. Online pharmacies enable consumers to purchase prescription and non-prescription medicines through digital channels, while digital healthcare services offer facilities such as virtual consultations, electronic prescriptions, remote health monitoring, diagnostic support, and digital medical record management. The widespread availability of smartphones, internet services, and secure online payment methods has contributed to the rapid adoption of online healthcare solutions across the globe. In countries such as India, patients can conveniently order medicines, submit prescriptions electronically, compare medication prices, and consult healthcare professionals from their homes. These services are particularly beneficial for individuals residing in remote regions, older adults, and patients with long-term health conditions who require regular medical attention. By reducing travel requirements and waiting periods, digital healthcare systems enhance both convenience and healthcare accessibility. The outbreak of COVID-19 further accelerated the acceptance and utilization of online pharmacies and digital healthcare services. Restrictions on movement and concerns about infection encouraged patients to seek medical assistance through telemedicine and online medicine delivery platforms. Healthcare professionals increasingly relied on virtual consultation systems to ensure continuity of care while limiting physical contact. This experience highlighted the importance of a strong digital healthcare framework in 1 maintaining healthcare services during public health emergencies. Consequently, digital healthcare platforms have gained greater trust and acceptance among both healthcare providers and patients, reinforcing their role in the future of healthcare delivery.

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 Keywords

KEYWORDS Online Pharmacy, Digital Healthcare, Telemedicine, E-Health, Healthcare Technology, Electronic Health Records.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition