Volume 14 | Issue 6 |

 Abstract

The Remote employee tracking system is design to track and to analyze the productivity and the efficiency of employees. Now a days many organization has adopted remote work culture but the organization but face challenge like to track the employees performance, so we have come up with this idea. This system provide real time tracking through features like tracking log-in time and date, activity tracking and the task progress efficiency etc. Thus due to this the higher authority can easy track employee performance. The remote employee tracking system establish secure connection between device of employee the and centralized server. By integrating monitoring modules with network protocol system can transmit performance efficiency while maintaining data integrity remote employee tracking system is very helpful for organization aiming to adopt the modern work culture.

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 Keywords

Remote Employee Tracking System, Real-Time Monitoring, Productivity Analysis, Behavioral Analysis, Trust-Based Evaluation, Centralized Server, Secure Communication, SSL/TLS Encryption, Data Integrity, Three-Tier Architecture, Activity Tracking, Performance Management.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Chronic non-specific low back pain is a common musculoskeletal disorder and one of the leading causes of disability worldwide affecting functional ability and quality of life and is often associated with pain catastrophization and fear avoidance beliefs. Cognitive Functional Therapy is a patient-centered intervention that targets movement patterns, cognitive beliefs, and behavioral factors, whereas Jacobson's Relaxation Technique primarily focuses on reducing muscle tension and psychological stress .Total 26 patients with chronic non specific low back pain underwent a 8-week intervention. Group A received Cognitive Functional Therapy(CFT) along with jacobson's relaxation technique while Group B received Lumbar stabilization exercise along with jacobson's relaxation technique. Stastical analysis was done using IBM SPSS32.1.The Shapiro-Wilk test revealed that most variables had a normal distribution (p >.05), with the exception of age (p =.007).All outcome measures showed significant within-group improvements in both the intervention and control groups (p <.001), with substantial effect sizes (ES = 0.60-6.65) indicating clinically significant improvement. Functional status (p =.79), pain catastrophisation (p =.62), fear avoidance beliefs (p =.40), corset effect (p =.10), and lumbar mobility parameters (p =.53-.99) were among the outcome measures for which between-group analysis revealed no significant differences between groups, indicating comparable efficacy of both interventions.The study showed effect of Cognitive Functional Therapy was non significant. Cognitive Functional Therapy and Lumbar Stabilization Exercises both effectively improve functional mobility, psychological parameters, core strength, and lumbar range of motion in individuals with low back pain. Although each intervention exhibits distinct advantages, their overall effectiveness is comparable, supporting their implementation as evidence-based treatment options in clinical practice.

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 Keywords

Cognitive functional therapy, Functional status ,pain catastrophisation ,corset strength

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 Abstract

The prenatal period is increasingly recognized as a critical window influencing lifelong health outcomes. Modern concepts such as fetal programming, developmental origins of health and disease (DOHaD), prenatal psychology, and epigenetics emphasize the profound impact of maternal physical, nutritional, emotional, and environmental factors on fetal development. Ayurveda described similar principles thousands of years ago through the concept of Garbha Samskara, a holistic prenatal conditioning approach aimed at nurturing a physically healthy, mentally balanced, intellectually capable, and spiritually evolved offspring.

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 Keywords

Garbha Samskara, Ayurveda, Prenatal Conditioning, Fetal Programming, Epigenetics, Garbhini Paricharya, Maternal Health, Prenatal Psychology

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 Abstract

Neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and multiple sclerosis are progressive disorders that cause irreversible neuronal damage and often remain undetected until advanced stages. Early identification of disease-associated biomarkers is therefore essential for timely intervention and improved patient outcomes. This study presents RetinoMindNet, an automated deep learning framework for neurodegenerative risk profiling using Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) retinal images. The retina serves as a non-invasive indicator of neurological health because of its close structural and developmental relationship with the central nervous system. The proposed approach employs a transfer learning-based VGG19 convolutional neural network to extract discriminative retinal features and classify retinal abnormalities associated with neurodegenerative risk. Image preprocessing techniques, including resizing, normalization, and augmentation, are applied to enhance data quality and model generalization. The system is trained and evaluated on a publicly available OCT dataset containing multiple retinal disease categories and healthy samples. Experimental results demonstrate high classification accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score, highlighting the effectiveness of deep learning-driven retinal analysis for scalable, accessible, and efficient neurodegenerative risk assessment.

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 Keywords

Neurodegenerative Diseases, Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT), Retinal Imaging, Deep Learning, VGG19, Transfer Learning, RetinoMindNet, Disease Classification, Medical Image Analysis, Early Detection.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Deep learning systems for diabetic retinopathy (DR) severity grading have achieved diagnostic accuracy comparable to expert clinicians, yet their adoption is limited by the opacity of their internal decision-making. This paper presents an interpretability- and ablation-focused analysis of a previously developed hybrid DR classification architecture that combines a DenseNet-121 backbone with a Feature Pyramid Network (FPN), a Bidirectional LSTM (Bi-LSTM) for temporal modelling of sequential retinal examinations, and dual-level spatial and temporal attention mechanisms. Rather than re-reporting overall classification accuracy, this work examines the model interpretability components - Grad-CAM activation maps, scale-specific spatial attention, and temporal attention weight visualisation - and quantifies the individual contribution of multi-scale feature extraction, temporal attention, and the composite loss function through systematic ablation experiments. On the Kaggle Diabetic Retinopathy Detection dataset, removing the FPN reduced the macro-AUC from 0.96 to 0.94, removing temporal attention reduced overall accuracy by approximately 1.2%, and removing the focal-loss component increased false negatives in minority severity classes, with the composite loss yielding a macro-F1 improvement of approximately 2%. Grad-CAM visualisations confirmed that model attention consistently localises microaneurysms, haemorrhages, and exudates relevant to each severity grade. These results demonstrate that the architectural and training choices made in the base model are individually justified and that the resulting attention maps provide an interpretable basis for clinical trust in AI-assisted DR screening.

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 Keywords

Medical Image Classification, Convolutional Neural Network, Class Activation Mapping, Model Interpretability

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Abstract The rapid expansion of digital banking technologies has transformed the way customers access and utilize financial services, making mobile banking one of the most widely adopted banking innovations globally. Mobile banking offers customers convenient, flexible, and real-time access to banking services through mobile devices, thereby enhancing operational efficiency and customer experience. Despite its growing popularity, concerns regarding transaction security, privacy protection, and trustworthiness continue to influence customer perceptions and satisfaction levels. In the highly competitive banking environment, customer satisfaction has become a critical determinant of customer retention, loyalty, and long-term success. Consequently, understanding the factors that shape customer satisfaction in mobile banking services has become an important area of academic and managerial interest. The present study aims to explore the relationship between perceived security, customer trust, and customer satisfaction in mobile banking services. Specifically, the study examines the direct effect of perceived security on customer trust and customer satisfaction, as well as the mediating role of customer trust in the relationship between perceived security and customer satisfaction. Drawing upon Technology Adoption Theory, Information Systems Success Model, and Trust Theory, the study develops a conceptual framework to explain how customers' perceptions of security contribute to trust formation and overall satisfaction with mobile banking services. A quantitative research design was employed, and primary data were collected from 200 mobile banking users through a structured questionnaire based on a five-point Likert scale. The collected data were analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) to evaluate the measurement model and test the proposed hypotheses. The results reveal that perceived security has a significant positive impact on customer trust and customer satisfaction. Furthermore, customer trust significantly influences customer satisfaction and partially mediates the relationship between perceived security and customer satisfaction. The findings indicate that customers who perceive mobile banking systems as secure are more likely to develop trust in the service provider, which subsequently enhances their overall satisfaction with mobile banking services. The study contributes to the growing body of literature on digital banking by providing empirical evidence on the critical role of security and trust in shaping customer satisfaction. The findings offer valuable managerial implications for banks and financial institutions by highlighting the importance of strengthening cybersecurity measures, enhancing privacy protection mechanisms, and implementing trust-building strategies to improve customer experiences and encourage continued usage of mobile banking services. The study further provides a foundation for future research on customer behavior, technology adoption, and digital financial services in emerging economies.

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 Keywords

Keywords: Mobile Banking, Customer Satisfaction, Perceived Security, Customer Trust, Digital Banking, Technology Adoption, Banking Services, Customer Behavior, PLS-SEM, Financial Technology (FinTech).

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The autonomous state movement in Karbi Anglong represents a significant example of the relationship between ethnic identity and democratic participation in Northeast India. The movement emerged from the historical, cultural, and political distinctiveness of the Karbi people, who have long sought greater autonomy and constitutional safeguards within the Indian Union. It reflects demands for self-governance, preservation of indigenous identity, equitable socio-economic development, and meaningful political representation. Over the decades, various political organisations, student bodies, and civil society groups have mobilised public support for the creation of an autonomous state under Article 244(A) of the Constitution of India. Through democratic means such as public meetings, peaceful protests, submission of memoranda, negotiations with the government, and participation in electoral politics, the movement has articulated collective aspirations while remaining largely within the constitutional framework. At the same time, the movement highlights the limitations of existing administrative arrangements under the Sixth Schedule in addressing local grievances, developmental imbalances, and aspirations for greater decision-making powers. It also demonstrates how ethnic identity can become a basis for political mobilisation and democratic engagement in a plural society. This paper examines the historical background, phases of mobilisation, leadership patterns, and political significance of the autonomous state movement in Karbi Anglong. It argues that the movement is not merely a demand for territorial reorganisation, but a broader struggle for recognition, participation, dignity, and justice.

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 Keywords

Keywords: Ethnic Identity, Democratic Participation, Autonomous State, Sixth Schedule, Self-Governance.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Abstract India's banking sector is growing fast and is considered one of the most preferred banking destinations in the world. Indian market provides growth opportunities, which are unlikely to be matched by the mature banking markets worldwide. The banking sector is the backbone of any economy. The stronger and more efficient the banking sector in an economy, the easier business can occur; it is a more attractive market for companies and beneficial for the customer. SBI provides a wide range of goods and services to individual, commercial enterprises, major corporations, public entities, and institutional consumers. Without sacrificing its core values of service, transparency, ethics, civility, and sustainability, the bank strives to lead the way in embracing change.

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 Keywords

Key words: customer perception, SBI services

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 Abstract

Mahatma Jyotirao Phule occupies a significant place in the history of modern India as a pioneering social reformer, anti-caste thinker, educator, and advocate of social justice. His philosophy emerged as a powerful critique of caste oppression, gender discrimination, religious orthodoxy, and social exclusion. The present study examines Phule's ideological contributions and their relevance to contemporary debates on inclusive development in India. It explores his ideas of equality, education, rationalism, women's emancipation, universal humanism, and empowerment of marginalized communities. The study further analyses constitutional safeguards, welfare policies, and development programmes designed for Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes, Other Backward Classes, minorities, women, children, and persons with disabilities. Using a descriptive and analytical approach, the paper argues that Phule's vision continues to provide an intellectual foundation for inclusive governance and social transformation. The study concludes that genuine inclusive development requires not only legal protections and welfare measures but also a transformation of social attitudes, institutional practices, and power relations that perpetuate exclusion.

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 Keywords

Jyotirao Phule, Inclusive Development, Social Justice, Marginalized Communities, Equality, Constitutional Safeguards, Social Reform

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 Abstract

Ear disorders constitute a significant proportion of otorhinolaryngological diseases affecting individuals across all age groups. Conditions such as earache, tinnitus, hearing impairment, itching of the ear, and chronic ear infections adversely affect quality of life. In Ayurveda, diseases of the ear are described under Karnaroga in Shalakya Tantra. Among various therapeutic modalities, Karnapurana occupies an important place due to its preventive and curative applications. Karnapurana refers to the instillation of medicated oil or other suitable liquid preparations into the external auditory canal for a specified duration. Classical Ayurvedic texts describe Karnapurana as an effective measure for alleviating Vata-dominant disorders of the ear and maintaining auditory health. Contemporary studies suggest that medicated oils possess anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antimicrobial, and tissue-healing properties which may contribute to therapeutic outcomes. The present review aims to critically analyze classical references of Karnapurana, its methodology, indications, contraindications, probable mode of action, and contemporary scientific evidence supporting its role in the management of ear disorders. The review highlights the importance of integrating traditional wisdom with modern scientific understanding to explore the therapeutic potential of Karnapurana in otological practice.

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 Keywords

Karnapurana, Karnaroga, Shalakya Tantra, Ayurveda, Ear Disorders, Medicated Oil Therapy.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition