Volume 8 | Issue 6 |

 Abstract

Objective: Number of infection per unit population of country and related deaths due to COVID-19 is being reported different in all countries, seems not related with population density of country or hygiene level of country as anticipated. Factors contributing for different infection rates is not completely understood. This study is aimed at analyzing the correlation of COVID-19 infection by statistical method using open source data available with demographic and environmental parameters including EMF radiation of mobile and broadband with wi-fi router. Statistical analysis design: Open source data on target parameter COVID-19 infections per unit population and related mortality were analysed for correlation with open source data on 14 various predictor parameters like Population Density, Net Migrants, Median Age, Vegetarian diet (%), % Urban Population, % Mobile Penetration in country, Mobile Connection Speed, Number of Fixed Broad Band Subscriptions in the country with wi-fi router, Fixed Broad Band Speed, Average February � March Temperature, % BCG Immunization Coverage, % Total & Urban Population using at least basic sanitation services and Per Capita CO2 Emissions. For statistical analysis, both actual data and average of data within sets of ranging infections per unit population have been considered. Also a mathematical model is generated for prediction of infections, using regression technique on best correlated parameter and also using combination of highly correlated parameters. This regression model could be used to calculate expected infections in the country under influence of set of parameters. Additionally, difference between actual infection and predicted infection calculated by this model, could be useful for finding out effectiveness of implementing other measures by the country to control infection below expected value and vice versa. Results: with respect to target parameter total infection cases per unit population, top 7 predictor parameters in descending order of correlation coefficient values (?) are: Net Migrant / 1M Population (0.784), Fixed Broad Band Speed (0.749), Number of Fixed Broad Band with wi-fi router Subscriptions per unit population (0.694), Per Capita CO2 Emission (0.689), Median Age (0.637), % Urban Population (0.598) and % Total Population using at least basic sanitation services (0.597). Also with respect to another target parameter i.e. death per unit cases in the country, relatively lower ? values are obtained. Top 5 parameters in descending order of correlation coefficient values (?) are: Number of Fixed Broad Band with wi-fi router Subscriptions per unit population (0.678), Tot cases/ 1M population (0.623), % BCG Immunization Coverage (-0.576; negative directional), Median Age (0.552) and Fixed Broad Band Speed (0.503). Additionally regression analysis helped in generating mathematical model of finding a combined parameters with higher correlation ? value 0.846. The regression equation helped to calculate expected infection numbers and difference with actual could be utilized to access effectiveness of country in controlling infection by other means. Conclusion: Statistical analysis showed highest correlation on COVID-19 infection and related deaths with use of high speed broadband services with wi-fi router, may be due to ill effects on health and immune power of electromagnetic radiation. There is need for further research on mechanism by which electromagnetic radiation influences COVID-19 infection. Also need to find out whether the effect of EMF radiation is temporary or permanent i.e. if radiation is reduced; infections and deaths are reduces or not.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

COVID-19, Corona Virus, Statistical correlation analysis, statistical regression analysis, Environmental effect, mobile radiation effect, broadband with wi-fi router radiation effect, electromagnetic (EMF) effect.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

In a recent years, modification of cement composites by a Nano particles has attracted intense attention among researchers. Concrete, as the most popular cement composite in practical applications, was also subjected to modification by replacing a portion of binder with Nano particles such as Nano silica and Nano fly ash. Human activities often generate solid wastes such as egg shell waste. Disposal of these waste is usually a problem. The aim of this study was to investigate the feasibility of using Nano materials (Nano silica and Nano Fly ash) and egg shell together with white cement in the production of floor tiles. The use of Nano particles in developing materials with desired properties has gained popularity and is being applied in the construction field. Nano-technology potentially offers the opportunity to improve the properties of concrete to suit the specific requirements.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Floor Tiles, Egg Shell waste, Nano Silica, Nano Fly ash, Physical and Mechanical Characteristics.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

In the present study used natural oils such lemongrass oil, clove oil, ocimum oil, peppermint oil, neem oil and eucalyptus oil for the mosquito repellent. In these check larvicidal activity, adulticidal activity and repellent activity of all oils in 100% concentration. All these activity was checked individual oils and combinational oils. In these method used for larvicidal activity and aulticidal activity was different and new. In these activity checked on aroma of oil than the application. Eucalyptus oil shows the better larvicidal activity within 4hr 10 min and in combination of peppermint and clove oils shows activity within 3hr 20min. lemongrass oil shows better adulticidal activity within 42 min and in combination lemongrass and peppermint oil shows activity within 27 min. In repellent activity lemongrass oil shows activity for 5 hrs 40min. and in combinational repellent activity the combination of lemongrass and eucalyptusoils, and lemongrass and ocimum oils shows activity for 6 hr.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Oil extraction, larvicidal Bioassay, Adulticidal Bioassay, repellent activity or arm in cage bioassay.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The Hydraulic excavator machines are heavy duty earth movers consisting of a boom, arm and bucket. It works on principle of hydraulic fluid with hydraulic cylinder and hydraulic motors. The Hydraulic excavator arm operation require coordinated movement of boom, arm and bucket. The important criteria for the design to be safe is that, the digging forces developed by actuators must be greater than that of the resistive forces offered by the surface to be excavated. The main objective of this paper is to perform design and analysis Excavator Arm for the calculated Force. The CATIA software is used for making the 3D model of the excavator arm linkage. By using ANSYS workbench software analysis of the excavator arm is done at existing digging force and lifting force. Excavator bucket is very crucial element of hydraulic excavator. The whole loads of excavated materials have been carried out by this element. As the present mechanism used in excavator arm is subjected to deformation and bending stresses during lifting and digging operation respectively, because of which failure occurs frequently at the bucket end of the arm.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Excavator arm, Digging force, CATIA, ANSYS 16.0.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Chitosan is a versatile polysaccharide of biological origin. Due to the biocompatible and biodegradable nature of chitosan, it is intensively utilized in biomedical applications in scaffold engineering as an absorption enhancer, and for bioactive and controlled drug release. In cancer therapy, chitosan has multifaceted applications, such as assisting in gene delivery and chemotherapeutic delivery, and as an immunoadjuvant for vaccines. The present review highlights the recent applications of chitosan and chitosan derivatives in cancer therapy.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

chitosan, source, structure, physicochemical properties, newly modification of chitosan nanoparticle

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

For modern cars which are becoming smart and intelligent gradually to become reality they must be tested extensively. We are trying to explore a different way to identify lanes in this paper .The predicted breadth of lanes can be calculated accurately by a process of lane detection algorithm to foretell the related position and points of lane markings. Vision systems are extensively applied in autonomous vehicle systems due to the valuable information that camera sensors produce of the neighboring surroundings. The advanced system predicts trajectories collected during human handling of the vehicle and employs these to produce automatic tags for training a semantic based pathway prediction model. With the help of dynamic calibration we can find the lane width and angle of the camera. In the recommended system we try to find the lane markings on both sides of the road even when visuals of one side is blocked. For this we use to animate and trace the width of the lane to find relative position of lane markings. The drivable route knowledge is necessary particularly in unorganized situations, and is crucial for an

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

intelligent transport system to get reliable driving choices.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

In the world of otorhinolaryngology chronic suppurative otitis media is one of the most commonly encountered diseases. The present prospective study was conducted at peripheral institute in North India towards clinico-microbiologic evaluation of chronic suppurative otitis media. Aerobic bacteria are mainly responsible for active csom so we had main focus on them in the present study. An attempt was made, to have a glimpse of the current antibiotic sensitivity pattern, with special reference to ciprofloxacin. Main aim of the present study is to see the types of aerobic bacteria involved in CSOM, in our region. In our study we collected aural swabs from 100 different ears, from 94 patients who had complaint of ear discharge, continuous or intermittent, with a non- intact tympanic membrane for 12 weeks or more. Swabs were sent to microbiology laboratory for culture and sensitivity tests. Bacteria could be isolated in 73 cases and 27 swabs were culture negative. The commonest bacteria isolated was Staphylococcus aureus (41),followed by E. coli (12), proteus (8) and klebseilla (2) pseudomonas(2).Twenty two patients had bilateral ear discharge of which 16 had staphylococcus aureus in both ears,three had proteus in both ear swabs, one grew proteus in one ear and no growth in the other, and one patient showed absolutely no aerobic bacteria in any of his ear swabs. Among the culture positive cases (n = 73) S. aureus in 41 cases. gram negative bacteria were isolated in (n = 32) cases. Among 100 patients number of male and female patients was 50 and 44, respectively. Pseudomonas, E. coli, Bacilli proteus and S. aureus were the predominant bacteria involved in CSOM. Out of the 73 positive isolates cipro- floxacin was sensitive against 55 isolates i.e.75.3%., intermediately sensitive in 14 and resistant in only 4 isolates. It is concluded in our study that, gram positive bacteria especially staphylococcus aureus is the commonest bacteria involved in CSOM in this part of north India. Ciprofloxacin is an important drug in the management of active CSOM as it is cheap, less ototoxic and widely available as topical preparations.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Aerobic bacteria � CSOM Culture and sensitivity � Ciprofloxacin

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Care of episiotomy wound begins immediately after delivery and like any other wound it has to be addressed. Frequent sitz baths can help reduce pain and keep the area clean. The present study aimed to assess the effectiveness of moist heat application for reduction of post episiotomy pain after normal vaginal delivery with the objectives to assess the level of post episiotomy pain before and after moist heat application and to find out the association between moist heat application for reduction of post episiotomy pain after normal vaginal delivery among postnatal mothers with their selected demographic variables. METHODOLOGY: With an evaluative approach, a pre experimental one group pre-test post-test design was adopted for the study. The study was conducted in Guwahati Medical College and Hospital, Assam and 60 samples of postnatal mothers were selected using purposive sampling technique. The tools used for the study were demographic performa and numeric pain rating scale. The analysis was done by using descriptive and inferential statistics in terms of frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, paired �t� test and chi square test. RESULT: The study revealed that the mean post test pain (3.53) score was lower than the mean pre test score (7.92). The calculated t59=29.85 and p-value= 0.00001 was significant at p<0.05, thus research hypothesis (H1) was retained. The result of chi-square analysis revealed that there was no significant association between the pre-test level of pain score with selected demographic performa. Hence the research hypothesis was rejected. CONCLUSION: Thus based on the research findings, the researcher concluded that moist heat application was proved to be significant in reducing post episiotomy pain in normal vaginal delivery among postnatal mothers. Keeping in view of the findings of the present study the following recommendations were made: (i) a similar study can be replicated in different settings with larger sample to strengthen the study findings. (ii) a study can be done by using pain reducing herbs or agents along with moist heat application to know its effectiveness on reducing episiotomy pain.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

POSTNATAL MOTHERS ,MOIST HEAT APPLICATION , REDUCTION OFPOST EPISIOTOMY PAIN

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The research paper aims to show us that widows are much more than victims. They are birth givers and heads of house. Widows of all the ages should be treated as equal citizens . They are absent in factual research and statistics, not noticed by researchers, neglected by authorities and overlooked by society organizations. The situation of widows is invisible. Their abuse constitutes one of the most serious violations of human rights and obstacles to development. Millions of the widows live and die in extreme poverty, exclusion, assault, homelessness, health risks and discrimination in law and traditions. The research is an effort to throw light on the harassing miseries and hardships faced by such widows in India and especially in Varanasi with reference to the movie' Water� which aims at bringing the issue in the limelight to improve the situation.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

abuse,degradation,hardship,trauma, widowhood.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Now a days, the population of the country increased and the requirement of the power is also increased. At the same time, the wastage of energy also increased in many ways. This paper presents the production of electric power from the foot step movement of the peoples and the pressure exerted during walking which is fritter away, is the main theme. electrical power is achieved by transforming the mechanical power as the pressure exerted by the footstep and by using transducers is basically called as "Foot step power generation system". Power is produced by the power generating floor and it is basically the production of electrical energy from kinetic energy. In present days electricity demand is increasing and it is unable to overcome this global issue by using the traditional power generating sources. The main aim is to overcome the power crisis throughout the world although it is not enough to fulfill over excessive demand of electrical energy but it will be able to change and decrease reliance on old method of generating electricity. To overcome this problem, the energy wastage is converted to usable form using the piezoelectric sensor. This sensor converts the pressure on it to a voltage. By using this energy saving method, foot step power generation system we are generating power.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Piezoelectric Transducer, PVDF (Polyvinylidene Fluoride), Foot step power generation.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition