Volume 11 | Issue 6 |

 Abstract

Background: Oral mucosal lesions occurring due to orthodontic treatment is benign and acute. This lesion occurs as a result of poor oral hygiene, trauma and other factors caused by the appliances. Materials used during orthodontic treatment such as metal and ceramic brackets & wires have high possibility to give rise to traumatic and reactive lesions. Mucosal lesion in those cases might be from treatment-induced or from allergic root. Aim: The present literature was carried out to elaborate the various mucosal pathologies that occur during or following orthodontic treatment, various diagnostic approaches and management of these lesions. Discussion: During orthodontic treatment, because of appliances maintenance of oral cavity is pretty much difficult than normal due to which accumulation microorganisms are more leading to the formation of plaque. Due to irritation of fixed orthodontic appliances, there are few usual side effects such as ulcerations, pain and discomfort. Mucosal ulcerations are due to the trauma caused by orthodontic appliances. Diagnostic approach starts with clinical examination, medical examination and regular checkup appointments. Conclusion: Oral mucosal lesions caused due to orthodontic treatment can be effectively managed by proper diagnosis, proper intra oral examination, advising periodic oral prophylaxis during the course of orthodontic treatment and early management of the lesions.

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 Keywords

Mucosal lesions, Traumatic ulcers, Mycotic infections, Gingival enlargement.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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In this paper we tend to focus on Salil Chowdhury, one of the greatest musical personalities of Bengali as well as Indian music. We mainly do focus on his 'departure'. This particular word 'departure' does have an unfathomable impact on art. It is of immense significance. Without proper departure a creative artist can never be a trend setter. A true creative artist must depart from fixed notions, set principles, age old conventions, widely used formulations in order to make his own signature. It is one of those major ways by which an artist can propagate his intrinsic ideology. Salil Chowdhury also made several distinctive departures through his extraordinary creations. In his songs, socio-political statements are quite explicit through excellent metaphors. In this paper, we have analyzed five extremely significant Bengali compositions of him to underline both his artistic excellence as well as departure. Undoubtedly, Salil Chowdhury is one of the trend setters in the field of musical experiments. Thus he created his own musical idiom, too.

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 Keywords

Salil Chowdhury, Departure, Consciousness, IPTA, Socio-political, Ideology, Metaphorical, Common people, Sufferings, Subjugation, Statement, Objective, Orchestration, Harmony, Chorus, Universal.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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This Paper is an evaluation report on the studies conducted and the challenge made inside the discipline of pc engineering to develop a system for motive force drowsiness detection to save accidents from happening due to driver fatigue and sleepiness. The document proposed the results and solutions at the confined implementation of the various strategies which might be delivered in the undertaking.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

motive force drowsiness; eye detection; yawn detection; blink sample; fatigue

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Image captioning is one of the most frequently requested requirements today. Many applications, including the creation of image search engines with sophisticated natural language queries and assisting those who are blind or visually handicapped in understanding their surroundings, benefit from automatic image captioning. With the use of deep neural network models, all of these tasks are accomplished. Picture captioning is the process of creating a description for a picture. Recognizing the significant things, their characteristics, and the connections between the objects in an image are necessary. In our study, we demonstrate an image captioning technique that creates captions from photos using GAN. Python is what we use for backend development. Our use of an attention-based GAN in this study will aid in better captioning.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

GAN, Image Caption Generator, CNN, OpenCV, Kaggle Datasets

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Tomato is rich source of vitamins A, C, Potassium, Minerals and Fiber. Tomatoes are used in preparation of soup, salad, pickles, ketchup, puree and sauces and also consumed as a vegetable in many other ways. In Chhattisgarh, total production of Tomato 11,33,435 MT from an area of about 64,681 ha (2018-2019), 64383ha area and the production tomato 1114802 MT (2019-20), the production of tomato 1182648MT from an area of about 64717ha (2020-21) respectively. The major Tomato producing districts are Raipur, Durg, Bastar, Balod, Bilaspur and Jaspur. Farmer data is collected as to made farmer profile according to various category i.e., age, educational level, farming experience, occupational status, land holding, average yield, annual income. So according to it small scale, marginal scale, medium scale 200 respondents were selected purposively from various district namely, Durg, Raipur, Bemetara and Bilaspur, area. The primary data were collected for the year 2021-22 on an average cost of cultivation per acre of Tomato was found to be Rs 6,84,348.2. The B:C Ratio of Tomato was found to be 1.6 at sample farms.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Economic analysis, cultivation, marketing, tomato, Chhattisgarh

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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T-beam bridge are one of the most commonly used type of bridge and hence it is necessary to constantly study, update analysis techniques and design methodology. Structurally they are simple to construct and maintain. Hence they are preferred over other type of bridge when it comes to providing connectivity within short distances. The aim of our study was to determine the variation and suitability of two different configuration of these bridges, namely ordinary deck slab supported on girder and T-beam configuration of deck slab. In this study we have considered span length of 10m, 15m & 20m. The deck slab has been conventionally analysed for IRC class AA Loading. Seismic load of zone III is applied on structure. The process was to made faster by analysing the structure on STAAD Pro. and the results of maximum bending moment, shear force & deflection values arising from the dead load, live load, vehicle load & seismic load. The conclusive results provide us with the best option, out of the two configuration for the varying span considered in the study. From this study, T-beam configuration of deck slab proves to be effective than ordinary deck slab supported on girder.

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 Keywords

T-beam Bridge, Slab Bridge, Class AA Loading, Staad pro, Seismic Analysis.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) focuses on the interface and interaction between people and computers. The major goal of the HCI is to design an environment that lets people interact with computers in a novel way. One of the most significant methods people use to interact is eye movement and eye blinking, especially for people with physical disabilities. This paper presents an on-screen computer interaction method based on eye blinking and facial movement. The two main components are image processing to detect the eye from the face, facial movement, and eye-blinking. A facial image is captured by the computer's camera and then used to determine the eye location and size. This is done based on the famous "68 points" and the face mesh system of the face detection approach. An eye blink is used in this system to enter a character similar to when a user presses the "Enter" button on a keyboard and facial movement is used to move the cursor similar to the use of a mouse.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Facial Recognition, Artificial Intelligence, Human-Computer Interaction, Virtual Keyboard.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The usefulness of shear walls in the structural planning of multistory buildings has long been recognized. When walls are situated in advantageous positions in a building, they can be very efficient in resisting lateral loads originating from wind or earthquakes. Reinforced concrete framed buildings are adequate for resisting both vertical and horizontal loads acting on them. Extensive research has been done in the design and analysis of shear wall high rise buildings. A residential building High rise structure is considered for the analysis. To evaluate the seismic response of the buildings and analysis was performed by using response spectrum method using Finite element based software-STAAD Pro. The properties of these seismic shear walls dominate the response of the buildings, and therefore, it is important to evaluate the seismic response of the walls appropriately. A study on an regular highrise building with shear wall and without shear wall was studied to understand the lateral loads, story drifts and torsion effects. From the results it is inferred that shear walls are more resistant to lateral loads in structure.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Walls, Lateral Loads, Shear Wall, Torsion, STAAD Pro.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Art reflects its age. The role of a writer is to hold a mirror up to society, to show things, which we haven't seen or thought before. Rabindranath Tagore, was such a writer, carved a distinct niche for himself by engaging his narratives of reality set in imaginary worlds. Throughout his fictional works, one can strongly observe a static reminder of the then contemporary realities and aspirations. Though we are a part of modern 21st century, still in some respects, still in some respects, till date, our society follow that tradition which is basically meaningless still painful. Gender stereotypes and biasness is one of them. Tagore, at his time, realized that pre-determined strictness of the society very much. So, he wanted to break this vision through his creation. Well by turning his pen into a sword, he wrote "Chitrangada" (1936), a dance drama, whereby portraying such a character like Chitrangada, he wanted to change the vision and typically judgmental mind of our society. Hence, the objective of this paper is to highlight the power dynamics of gender by analyzing Tagore's dance drama "Chitrangada".

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Gender, Gender Stereotypes, Gender Role, Masculinity, Femininity, Power Dynamics of Gender

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

With urbanization and increasing unbalance of required space to availability, it is becoming imperative to provide open ground storey and soft storey at different level of multistory building. These provisions reduce the stiffness of the lateral load resisting system and a progressive collapse becomes unavoidable in a severe earthquake for such buildings due to soft stories. Soft storey behavior exhibit higher stresses at the columns and the columns fail as the plastic hinges are formed. Hence it is required to assess the performance level of such building for safety of the structure during earthquake. In present study G+12 storey building is considered by keeping soft storey at different level along with soft storey at ground level. They are designed according to IS 456-2000 without ductile detailing and seismic evaluation of these buildings is carried out with nonlinear static pushover analysis using SAP 2000 software. Performance points and performance levels of these buildings are determined by capacity spectrum method. In this it is found that in all the beams plastic hinges are formed and hinges are also formed at ground soft storey columns. In brick infill hinges formed are of E level. Then various retrofitting schemes viz. steel X braces, infill walls and shear walls are employed for strengthening of these building to reduce hinges from beam and remove hinges from columns. The results obtained from these retrofitting schemes are compared with without retrofitted models based on performance point, hinge formation pattern. The result shows that there is no unique solution and several different strengthening schemes can be provided to give adequate performance. Most increase in the lateral strength is related to using Steel-Bracing and shear walls.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

soft storey, plastic hinges, seismic evaluation, static pushover analysis, shear wall system, performance point.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition