Volume 12 | Issue 6 |

 Abstract

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Photoperiod, Petalocephala, development, Neem.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The curriculum at any stage of education provides platform to carry out teaching-learning process in classrooms. The curriculum receives inputs from various fields of the society and its formulating bodies. The curriculum for preparation of teachers in TEP is essential for school education and other stages of education. Efforts at global and National levels were taken for strengthening curriculum of TEP. Even the UGC, NCTE, NCERT, NAAC etc. are providing inputs in the curriculum in different ways. The NEP 2020 also indicated and recommend for Teacher Education Curriculum along with school education curriculum. Formulation and strengthening curriculum of TEP require to consider SDGs, STEAM, removal of Social Problems, Integration with other levels of Education, Teacher Education for Higher Education, Career Guidance, Stipend to Student-teachers for Internship etc. Curriculum strengthening through such aspects must lad to well preparation of student-teachers and their better performance in school education.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Curriculum, Student-teacher, Teacher Education Programme, Curriculum frameworks

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The paper assess the geopolitical significance of the Horn of Africa (HoA) stems from its strategic location, natural resources, socio-economic complexities, political instability, international influence, and humanitarian concerns. Understanding these factors is crucial for comprehending the region's dynamics and the complex interactions that shape its geopolitical landscape. Addressing the region's challenges requires concerted efforts from both regional actors and the international community to promote stability, economic development, and security. As a critical nexus for global trade routes and security, developments in the Horn of Africa have far-reaching implications beyond its borders. The Horn of Africa sits at a critical juncture between the Red Sea, the Gulf of Aden, and the Indian Ocean. This geographic position gives it control over major maritime routes, including the Aden-Suez Canal route, which is crucial for global trade, particularly oil transportation. The Horn of Africa is rich in natural resources such as potash, diamonds, and increasingly significant discoveries of oil and gas reserves. These resources attract international interest but also contribute to local economic disparities and conflicts over resource control.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Power Practice and Geopolitics of Horn of Africa

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Color image enhancement is a complex and challenging process with several applications. It is quite difficult to maintain the color of the provided image in every circumstance. This work uses a relatively simple improvement technique that optimally preserves the hue and range of the R, G, and B channels of a color image. The first stage is to use meaningful rigid ordering of pixels, meaning that the pixels are aligned in a fixed way, to transform the intensity image to the target intensity. After the image has been enhanced, applying the new algorithms to it should fit the target intensity in the image. This research presents an investigation of new methods that increase color and compares them to a well-known histogram-based approach that preserves the hue and range of a color image. The outcomes show that, in comparison to other approaches, the algorithms in this study provide substantially superior enhancement. These algorithms, though relatively simple, produce very good results when Hue and range preservation are important.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

color image enhancement, optimizer, DWT, Fuzzy image, Fuzzification

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The purpose of this study to develop medicated chocolate of Atomoxetine. Atomoxetine is a prescription medicine used in the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). This medicine helps to modulates the activity of certain chemical messengers in the brain, which increases attention and decreases restlessness. The crucial aspect in formulation of medicated chocolate is to mask the bitter taste of drug. Initially the inclusion complex between Atomoxetine and beta cyclodextrin was prepared by kneading method. Different molar ratio of complex is prepared. Complex was characterized using FTIR spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, % drug release study. Medicated chocolate containing Atomoxetine were prepared using ingredients like cocoa powder, cocoa butter, pharmaceutical sugar, lecithin, dicalcium phosphate, flavor. The initial compatibility studies between drug and excipients were carried out using DSC and FTIR spectra. The concentration of cocoa powder [X1] and cocoa butter [X2] were selected as independent variables. The hardness [Y1] and % CDR [Y2] were selected as dependent variables. The prepared medicated chocolate was evaluated for hardness, in vitro drug release, thickness, weight variation, drug content, moisture content, fat and sugar bloom. The results indicated that concentration of cocoa powder [X1] and cocoa powder [X2] were significantly affected the hardness [Y1] and %CDR [Y2]. Formulation F4 was found to be best formulation with % drug release in 30 min 9%. There was no drastic change in the results of medicated chocolate of an optimized batch at end of one month accelerated stability Study

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

ADHD, beta cyclo dextrin, Atomoxetine, DSC, FTIR

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Malaria is a life-threatening disease spread to humans by some types of mosquitoes. It is mostly found in tropical countries. It is preventable and curable. Malaria mostly spreads to people through the bites of some infected female Anopheles mosquitoes. Blood transfusion and contaminated needles may also transmit malaria. Andhra Pradesh is endemic for Malaria. This study aimed to identify high risk areas of malaria in Visakhapatnam district of Andhra Pradesh, India, 2017-19. Geographical data was collected from the District Malaria Office, Meteorological Department (M.D), Municipal Corporation, Government and Census office. Socio economic data was collected from the state census, Department of Statistics and Social Welfare Board (DSSWB). The periodical results were compared and analysed with SPR and PF%.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Anopheles, SPR: Slide Positivity Rate Pf%: Plasmodium falciparum

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

This article examines the major barriers to effective professional development for English as Foreign Language (EFL) teachers, with a particular focus on the context of Oman. Despite the critical role of continuous professional development (CPD) in improving teaching practices and student outcomes, there are numerous challenges that hider its successful implementation. This study recognizes six major barriers for successful continuous professional programs. The article provides a detailed analysis of each of these barriers through a review of existing literature, including works by Afshar and Ghasemi (2017), Lorimer (2018), and Omar (2014). It highlights the lack of adequate funding and resources as primary obstacles to CPD, with frugal budgets limiting access to high-quality CPD opportunities, especially in developing countries. The ubiquitous time constraints are also significant factors, as teachers often struggle to balance their professional responsibilities with the demands of ongoing development. The relevance and practicality of CPD programs are vital for their success, yet many programs do not address the specific requirements and contexts of EFL teachers. Furthermore, inadequate administrative support and a lack of collaborative culture deter the healthy concept of sharing of best practices. Technological barriers like limited access to necessary tools and digital literacy skills further complicate the issue. Lastly, the article also discusses the unique cultural and educational challenges in Oman, emphasizing the need for cultural appropriateness of CPD programs rendered in the country. The findings highlight the necessity of addressing these barriers to improve the effectiveness of professional development ventures and support the professional growth of EFL teachers.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

English Language Teaching (ELT), Professional Development Programs (PDPs), EFL Teachers, Barriers to Professional Development, Funding and Resources, Time Constraints, Support and Collaboration, Administrative Support, Technological Barriers, Oman, Continuous Professional Development (CPD).

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Erlotinib, RP-HPLC, Validation, Lipid based nanoformulation, Analytical method

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

It is well known that languages have an interconnection with each other with the constant reciprocation of words. This results in an influence of one on another. Such a reciprocation and influence of language languages can be traced or seen from the literature. Though subscript has a very long stretch of multi thousand years, there has been a parallel flow of original languages. Now, those languages of the Indian subcontinent are known as Prakrit. Which eventually emerged into today's original languages of India. In this article, we are trying to mark the similarities and differences of language structure of Sanskrit and Marathi, Which highlights the abiding connection of the duo.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Sanskrit, Marathi, comparative method, grammatical structure, influence of subscript, similarities, and dissimilarities.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Social media has become a vital part of peoples' lives in the twenty-first century by offering a forum for communication and information exchange. As a result, it has a big impact on customer purchasing decisions by increasing brand recognition and memory through constant advertising. The purpose of this study is to investigate how consumers make purchases in relation to social media. Using a robust sampling technique, the study combined secondary data from 14 conference articles with primary data from 130 replies to a structured questionnaire. To look at the correlations between the variables, statistical analysis was done using SPSS software, specifically chi-square and factor analysis. The results demonstrate how social media strengthens the bonds between companies and customers.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Social Media, Consumer Behavior,Brand recognition,Advertising Customer purchasing decisions

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition