Volume 11 | Issue 6 |

 Abstract

The development of sex and gender is influenced by biological variables that are interconnected with culture. However, gender differences in roles and behaviours--which may be minor but are nevertheless significant cuturally- are critically influenced by sociocultural factors. Gender related behavior, beliefs, identities, roles, and how they are perceived in diverse social circumstances, are all profoundly influenced by culture. Children are socialized, given chores; grown men and women accept roles, and women's and men's behaviours and mindsets are regulated by cultural norms. The frameworks, in which gender roles, gender identities, and prejudices develop, as well as guidelines for sexual conduct, are supplied by culture. Differences in gender-related practices within cultural groups as well as among social groups are also influenced by culture. Gender disparities, social behaviours and cognitive processes can be increased, decreased, or even completely eliminated by culture. Gender and culture cannot be separated, in fact.

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 Keywords

Gender roles, Gender differences, Socio-cultural, Gender-related behaviour, Beliefs, Identities, Socialized, Framework, Prejudices, Disparities, Cognitive

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ABSTRACT Background: Northern India, with its diverse cultural landscape and a significant population of college students, presents an ideal setting to investigate the prevalence and impact of smartphone addiction. The present study aimed to assess the level of smartphone addiction among college students. Methods: A descriptive study done on 166 college students in various selected colleges at Meerut. Data was collected by survey method and student's smartphone addiction level was assessed by Modified Aljomma Smartphone Addiction Scale (SAS). Result: The result showed that 85 (57%) students are moderately addicted, and 20 (12%) students are very severely addicted. Conclusion: There was no significant association between level of smartphone addiction and demographic variables. It is inferred that there is mild, moderate, severe and very severe smartphone addiction among college students.

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 Keywords

Key-words : Smartphone, Addiction, College students.

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China liberalised its economy in 1978 while India wasted twelve vital years in political debate and ultimately liberalised its economy in 1991. After initial ups & downs India has been able to form a liberal manufacturing policy which matches with most of the developing nations. China had successfully formulated liberal manufacturing policy and enjoyed massive influx of FDIs. China occupies first position in global manufacturing output while India occupies sixth position in the list. Chinese mobile companies have unprecedented dominance in Indian market. Ironically Indian mobile companies are struggling for their survival only with negligible diminishing market share. This paper though aims to understand reasons of such dominance of Chinese mobile companies in India but also takes into consideration broad economic policies of both India & China mainly in post-liberalisation period.

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 Keywords

India, China, Manufacturing, Globalisation, Mobile.

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Spyser Dkhar& Prof I. Syiem NEHU Shillong Abstract Leadership is the effort to influence the behaviour of individuals or members of a group in order to accomplish organizational, individual or personal goals. Teacher leadership is important in all educational institutions. Teachers are leaders in the classroom, but beyond that their scope is limited. A leader inspires not only in words but most importantly in actions. He prepares the students to face the challenges in life. Problems in the education system were uncovered like never before when the pandemic hit. Teachers and educational institutions were hardly hit as they were caught unprepared. These problems were life-lessons that challenge the system. Therefore, teacher leadership and behaviour of teachers are extremely important to tackle these problems. If institutions of learning are to be effective, leadership qualities should be high. Effective leadership brings about a healthy environment. It encourages and motivates others to work productively to achieve the goal. This article will emphasise on leadership to empower teachers not only in teaching but also in administration and decision making.

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 Keywords

Key words: teacher leadership, leadership behaviour, educational problems,

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An automatic grass cutting machine is designed and implemented that uses solar energy as its primary source. The proposed grass cutter is lightweight and portable. It has two major parts: one is a motor-powered base and the other is cutting blades with motor. Its default mode is automatic although it can be operated manually if necessary. By using a magnetomet that is compass and with a GPS module location of the plot of land can be identified and is able to move automatically towards the grass by its motorized controlled base. As soon as the motor driven cutting blade comes close to the grass, it starts cutting and continue until all grasses around it is being cut down. The prototype of the grass cutter is tested experimentally. Two degree-of-freedom PID controllers are proposed to control the motor speed of the prototype. PID controller is simulated in MATLAB SIMULINK software. Bluetooth devices can be used to communicate with the owner of grass cutter through smartphone. The hardware is tested using prototype.

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Lawn Mower, GPS Module, Set Speed, PID Controller

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In the early years, multimedia plays an important role in the development of cross-skills, communication, problem solving, thinking, and collaboration. Multimedia refers to computer-based information provided through numerous forms of media. Multimedia is utilised to facilitate effective and participatory learning. Videogames, as specifically designed tools, are also widely employed in elementary schools. This study found that identifying multimedia aspects improved children's education. The research was carried out in the year 2022. The lake city of Bhopal was chosen as the primary study area. The study included 120 pre-primary and primary school teachers. For sample selection, a random sampling procedure was used, and data collection was done using a self-created questionnaire schedule. In research, the T-test is used to analyse data. The findings demonstrated that multimedia has the potential to deliver interactive elementary education. Multimedia has the potential to improve the effectiveness of basic education resources.

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Multimedia Learning, ICT Technology, Problem Solving, Interesting Education, Positive Attitude, multimedia learning

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In India, expansive soil spans about 51.8 million hectares of land (mainly Black Cotton soil). When these expansive soils are dry, they are exceedingly hard, but when they are wet, they lose all of their strength. Expansive soils provide challenges all over the world as a result of this property, offering a challenge for geotechnical engineers to tackle. One of the most important aspects of building is soil stabilisation, which is widely used in foundation and road pavement projects. This is because a stabilization regime like this improves the soil's engineering attributes like volume stability, strength, and durability. During this technique, the problematic soil is removed or replaced. To replace it, a higher-quality substance is utilized, or the soil is treated with an addition. This project uses fly ash acquired from Sesa Sterlite in Jharsuguda, Odisha, to stabilise black cotton soil from Nagpur.

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 Keywords

Black Cotton Soil, Stabilization , Fly Ash, Montmorillonite, Expansive Soil, Kaolinite, Swelling of soil, Liquid limit

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Abstract : This Litrature Review has been undertaken to investigate the effect of kegal exercise and perineal massage during last trimester of pregnancy on labour outcome. Episiotomy increases the risk of women for being subjected to perineal trauma has become very common. Episiotomy is being done mostly among 50% - 90% of women during childbirth. In recent years the number of episiotomy has been increasing. Many research found that if we can provide perineal massage and kegel exercise so there are reducing chance of getting perineal trauma , laceration and any perineal related complication. Material and method : A Review literature search including based on electronic databases: Pub Med, Goggle scholar and Research gate. Key words were: Effect of Kegel exercise, Effect of Perineal massage. Result: The literature review shown that if we can provide kegel exercise and perineal care in last trimester mothers so there is reduce chance of perineal trauma and labour outcome was good. Conclusion: The study conclude that there is effectiveness found in perineal massage and kegel exercise for outcome of labour.

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Perineal massage, kegal exercise, labour outcome, antenatal period

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The progress of steel usage has provided a significant growth in construction industry. It is well established that steel provides better ductility ,stability and strength to the structure. The structure should be good enough to withstand seismic loads as well as lateral loads. This study aims to determine that the steel braces is one of the best method to reduce seismic forces specifically knee bracing which gives most of the lateral stiffness and flexural yielding. In this context a 6 storey knee steel frame structure with a plan of 9 m *9 m is utilized. To test the results that the knee braced framed structure gives better results than the bared frame. A 6 storey knee braced steel structure has been analyzed using ETABS software based on IS 1893:2002 guidelines. Equivalent static analysis method used for calculating base shear and lateral force on each storey and compared with bare frame. ETABS software results are compared with manual results.

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Seismic performance, steel braces, ETABS software , Equivalent static analysis.

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Chatbot is used to assist visually impaired individuals in their daily lives. The chatbot will utilize natural language processing techniques to understand and respond to user inquiries, helping them perform tasks such as locating nearby facilities, scheduling appointments, and reading out messages. The paper will involve designing and implementing a user-friendly interface, and training the chatbot to recognize and respond to user intent accurately. Through this paper, the intern will gain experience in natural language processing, software development, and user experience design, while contributing to the development of technology that can positively impact the lives of visually impaired individuals.

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 Keywords

Natural language processing, ChatBot and PyTorch deep

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition