Volume 14 | Issue 6 |

 Abstract

E-commerce has become a significant part of the global business landscape, with a particular focus on Asia in recent years. The growth of e-commerce has been driven by a variety of factors. including increasing internet penetration, growing consumer demand for convenience and cost-effectiveness, and advancements in technology that have made online transactions easier and more secure. Despite the many benefits of e-commerce, businesses in this space must also contend with a number of challenges and issues. One of the biggest challenges is competition, as more and more businesses are entering the e-commerce market, making it increasingly difficult to stand out and differentiate oneself from the crowd. Despite these challenges, e-commerce continues to offer tremendous opportunities for businesses that are able to effectively navigate the market and provide high-quality products and services to customers. With continued investment in technology, logistics, and security, e-commerce is poised to remain a major force in the global business landscape for years to come.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

E-Commerce, issues, challenges

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

This article looks into the concept of Oral Histories and Cultural Identity in Easterine Kire's select novels When the river sleeps and Spirit Nights. Easterine Kire's When the river sleeps was published in 2014. Spirit Nights was published in 2022. Both these novels explored the sustainable lives of Nagaland people reflecting Oral Histories and Cultural Identity. These two novels of Easterine Kire offer community resilience, Indigenous Knowledge system and cultural protection of Naga people integrating sustainability. In these two novels, the Naga people with their unique social and cultural practices transfer sustainable features in their daily routine from generation to generation.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Oral Histories, Cultural Identity, global sustainability, literary reflection, community resilience, Indigenous Knowledge system, cultural protection

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Corruption has been a significant impediment to the process of development of many developing economies across the world. Corruption is a major issue affecting social, economic, and political spheres in developing countries. There are numerous causes of corruption, such as a lack of strong institutions, ambiguity in laws, degradation of moral values, etc. There are numerous studies on corruption and its consequences in different countries. This paper tries to analyze different causes and theories of corruption and discusses different aspects of corruption. It also explains how the voters can incentivize the political leaders not to indulge in corrupt practices and provides some possible solutions to corruption.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Public Choice, Utility, Election, Decentralization

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Children in conflict with the law represent one of the most vulnerable groups in society. Traditional punitive approaches often fail to address the root causes of juvenile delinquency, leading to stigmatization and recidivism. Restorative justice, by contrast, emphasizes accountability, healing, and reintegration. This article critically examines restorative justice as a pathway to rehabilitation, focusing on India's Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Act, 2015, and comparing it with international practices in Norway, South Africa, and the United States. Through statutory analysis, case law, and comparative perspectives, the paper argues that restorative justice offers a more humane and effective approach to juvenile justice. It highlights challenges in implementation, including societal attitudes, institutional readiness, and resource constraints, while offering policy recommendations for embedding restorative practices into India's juvenile justice framework.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Retributive, Restorative, Criminological Theories, Challenges, International, Comparative, Policy

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

DETERMINANTS OF ONLINE SHOPPING BEHAVIOUR: AN EMPIRICAL STUDY OF CONSUMERS IN JHARKHAND RAJ KUMAR GUPTA DR ANIRBAN GUPTA DR AJAY KUMAR (DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE) ST XAVIER'S COLLEGE, RANCHI Email: rajkummargupta07102@gmail.com ABSTRACT Jharkhand, which is still recognized as a developing region, has witnessed a growth in digital technology and Internet facilities within the region that significantly influences the purchasing pattern of its consumers. Through this study, we will attempt to understand the online shopping behavior of consumers in Jharkhand. In this research, we will primarily focus on the various causes, reasons, and factors such as a products pricing as well as its convenience, trust in the product and platform, the accessibility of their website, the variety of products available, as well as security concerns such as delivery and payment security, and an effective delivery system. An observation based method is used in this study to gather primarily data. Using a structured questionnaire as the main tool, we collected data from respondents from a wide range of ethnic groups and different demographic categories. Statistical tools, such as data analysis techniques, percentage approach, graphs and charts, are used in the research. According to research, buyers are Gen greaterly influenced by issues like trust and security concerns in addition to product pricing and convenience. Furthermore, a consumer's purchasing behavior is greaterly influenced by a number of demographic parameters, including age, income, and educational attainments in any region. Large E commerce businesses and legislators can use this research useful data to improve their consumer impact and marketing strategies, in order to increase their digital adoption in Jharkhand and enhance the user experience on their website. Key words:- Digital technology, online shopping, consumer behavior, delivery system, E commerce, purchasing behavior

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Key words:- Digital technology, online shopping, consumer behavior, delivery system, E commerce, purchasing behavior

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

In today's era of rapid digitization, advertising plays a huge role and has gone through many processes, one of which is its digital transformation, in which it has moved from traditional media to digital platforms, due to which it has a strong impact on the consumer.Digital Advertising Mainly Focuses on Consumer Online Purchase Behaviour in Ranchi, Jharkhand.Due to the increasing penetration of smartphones, affordable internet and influence from social media platforms, consumers in semi-urban cities like Ranchi are getting more influenced by digital advertising these days, which plays a very crucial role in their buying behaviour. The primary objective of this empirical study is to examine how, in today's times, various forms of digital advertising, such as social media ads, search engine marketing, display ads, and influence marketing, affect consumers' buying decisions, perceptions, and awareness. A structured questionnaire method has been used to collect data which has been collected from different consumers in Ranchi, which includes different age groups, occupation, income level and demographic areas, etc., and all this collected data has been analyzed by statistical tool, which tells that consumers' buying decisions and digital advertising exposure. Overall, the study concludes that digital advertising has a strong impact on consumers, which affects their buying decisions, and its effectiveness depends on their transparency and trust building. This research will also help marketers in creating better marketing strategies and understanding consumer behaviour.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

KEYWORDS:- Digital advertising, consumer behaviour, purchase behaviour, digital platforms, digital strategies.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Abstract Artificial Intelligence (AI) has emerged as a transformative technology in the education sector, enabling teachers to enhance instructional practices, personalize learning experiences, and improve administrative efficiency. The successful adoption of AI in teaching is expected to influence teachers' professional experiences and overall job satisfaction. The present study aimed to examine the level of AI adoption in teaching and investigate whether significant gender-based differences exist in AI adoption among school teachers. A quantitative, descriptive, and comparative research design was adopted, and primary data were collected from 405 government and private school teachers using a structured questionnaire. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and the Independent Samples t-test in IBM SPSS Statistics 26. The findings revealed that female teachers reported significantly higher AI adoption than male teachers. These findings suggest that effective AI integration can positively influence teachers' professional experiences by improving instructional efficiency and reducing routine workload. The study highlights the need for educational institutions to strengthen digital infrastructure, provide AI-related professional development programmes, and encourage the ethical and effective use of AI technologies in classrooms.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Artificial Intelligence, AI Adoption, Teaching, School Teachers, Gender, Educational Technology.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The study aims to find out the impact of internet on library usage in university libraries of Telangana state. Internet facilities have transformed university libraries from traditional information centres into dynamic digital learning environments, supporting academic growth, research productivity, and efficient access to information resources.Respondents i.e. 209 (83.60%) expressed that internet services have a positive impact on library usage. The purpose of use of internet in university libraries shows that classroom assignment is the most preferred purpose, ranked first with33 respondents, followed bygaining new knowledgewith27 respondentsand accessing authentic informationwith26 respondents, ranked second and third respectively.Research workwas ranked fourth with 23 respondents, whileenhancing academic skills secured the fifth rank with 21 respondents.The respondents, 16.8% of the total sample, reported that they face problems associated with internet access in libraries.problems may be related to internet connectivity, lack of awareness, technical support, availability of digital resources, or ease of access to online library facilities. Survey method adopted for the study the Structured Questionnaire were distributed to the identified ten university libraries in Telangana state. Atotal of 250 Questionnaires were distributed for the study out of which 210 were students and 40 were library staff members. The data was analysed through statistical methods, like, t-test, and Chi-Square test

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Impact of Internet,Internet Usage, University Libraries, Library usage, Telangana State

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Introduction: Upper-limb motor impairment is a common consequence of stroke that significantly affects hand function, dexterity, and independence in daily activities. Conventional physiotherapy remains a key component of rehabilitation; however, it may not always provide sufficient intensity, repetition, or sensory feedback to optimize motor recovery. Robotic-assisted therapy enables repetitive, task-specific training, while haptic feedback may enhance sensorimotor integration and cortical reorganization through augmented tactile input. Need for the Study: Stroke is a leading cause of long-term disability worldwide, and upper-limb dysfunction greatly impacts quality of life. Although robotic-assisted rehabilitation has shown promise in improving motor recovery, evidence comparing haptic-augmented robotic training, robotic training alone, and conventional physiotherapy remains limited. Establishing the most effective intervention could improve rehabilitation outcomes and guide clinical practice. Aim: To compare the effects of haptic-augmented robotic training, robotic training alone, and conventional physiotherapy on upper-limb motor recovery in individuals with subacute stroke. Materials and Methods: A single-blinded, three-arm parallel-group randomized controlled trial will be conducted on 45 participants with subacute stroke recruited from the Neuro-Physiotherapy OPD and IPD of MGM Medical College and Hospital. Participants will be randomly allocated to Haptic-Augmented Robotic Training (HART), Robotic Training (RT), or Conventional Physiotherapy groups. Each group will receive 60-minute sessions, five days per week for four weeks. Outcomes will be assessed using the Fugl-Meyer Assessment-Upper Extremity (FMA-UE), Jebsen-Taylor Hand Function Test (JTHFT), and Functional Independence Measure (FIM) at baseline and post-intervention. Conclusion: Haptic-augmented robotic training is hypothesized to produce superior improvements in motor recovery, hand function, and functional independence compared to robotic training alone and conventional physiotherapy.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Subacute Stroke, Upper-limb Rehabilitation, Haptic-Augmented Robotic Training, Robotic Therapy, Motor Recovery, Conventional Physiotherapy, Hand Function.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Scouts Evam Guides Tatha Gair Scouts Evam Guides Vidyarthiyon Ke Rashtriya Bhavana Ka Tulanatmak Adhyayan

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Scouts Evam Guides Tatha Gair Scouts Evam Guides Vidyarthiyon Ke Rashtriya Bhavana Ka Tulanatmak Adhyayan

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition