Volume 8 | Issue 6 |

 Abstract

A huge number of projects have undergone distress due to the slowdown in Indian economy. As a result the Indian banking system has been increased in NPA (Non-performing Assets) and restructured real estate projects during the recent years. With degradation in value the distressed assets don�t produce any profit in economy. Financial distress is a trending topic these days in finance and the project�s health is very important for investors as well as management. Investors deposit money in those projects which are financially healthy as risk of default is minimized for them, while management must be able to identify causes of distress which can be controlled by taking different measures. This paper deals with the elements of project financial distress as its major signs and sources as well as it suggests ways to eliminate the consequences. This result provides an effective way to resolve financial distress by restructuring it. Restructuring a project is always a better option in comparison with liquidation if the project has undergone distress. This paper also shows that restructuring can be looked at in three broad categories: event oriented process oriented and technical oriented. This paper describes each category: their identification in live case study project and elimination process. I integrate the theory of financial distress into a real estate project initial model and examine a financial distressed phenomenon from capital market perspective and have made a restructured financial model based on different restructuring approaches- Additional loan, Debt Curtailment, Equity share, Debt-Equity tradeoff, Selling of shares and discussing about the profitability for each approach considering their pessimistic and optimistic value and the risk factors involved. Comparing all the approaches this paper suggests about the most suitable model that can be adopted for maximum profitability.

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 Keywords

Debt Restructuring, Financial distress, Non Performing Assets, Project financing

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A brief introduction to literary criticism and literary theory are given at the start. Then the indication of the word� Literary Criticism? and (literary theory) alongside with the root and advancement must be analyzed. Modern literary criticism is written in a variety of genres, including the article, review, survey, essay, literary profile, and bibliographical explanation. In any genre, the critic must be, in a sense, a political thinker, sociologist, and psychologist, as well as a literary historian and aesthetician. Additionally, this paper examines various critical, literary concepts and finally the conclusion is drawn by means of the review of literature indicated.

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 Keywords

Literary theory, criticism, traditional critical theories structuralism, formalism, feminism, deconstruction, modernism.

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To study self-control, smartphone overuse and their association among 120 late adolescent students of aged 18-21 years. For collecting and analyzing participants� data, used PMPU questionnaire (Billieux et al., 2008) for smartphone overuse and BSCS (Tangney et al., 2004) for self-control. The findings were unveiled that gender group differences were significantly found in dangerous use (t=3.91; p<.05), dependent use (t=4.71; p<.05), financial problems (t=4.19; p<.05), and self-control (t=5.62; p<.05) respectively. Stream group differences were significantly found in dangerous use (t=4.88; p<.05) and dependent use (t=2.25; p<.05) but no stream group differences were found in self-control. It was evidenced that self-control was found as a negative correlation with dangerous use (r=-.270; p<.05), prohibited use (r=-.312; p<.05), dependence use (r=-.725; p<.01), and financial problems (r=-.405; p<.01). Further it was evidenced that self-control was found to negatively and significantly predict dangerous use (R2=7.3%; F=9.30; t=-3.05; p<.01), prohibited use (R2=9.7%; F=12.73; t=-3.57; p<.01), dependent use (R2=52.5%; F=130.54; t=-11.43; p<.01), and financial problems (R2=16.4%; F=23.20; t=-4.82; p<.01) through regression analysis. This study has been concluded that students who use smartphones excessively having low self-control over their gadgets.

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 Keywords

Gender, Late Adolescent Students, Self-Control, Smartphone Overuse, Stream

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 Abstract

Profitable investment into Real Estate residential projects requires a realistic and more practical approach for evaluating its financial performance and efficiency. Uncertainty in the residential real estate has always been an issue. Till date, financial return of a residential project in India is calculated using a Discounted cash flow model (DCF) which gives a single point value (deterministic result), not including risks and uncertainties. Addressing risks and uncertainties into otherwise deterministic models avoids irrelevant and impractical financial decision and help in framing a more feasible forecasting model. The objectives of this thesis is to develop a suitable investment model for residential real estate along Dwarka Expressway, Gurugram, India using both deterministic and probabilistic financial analysis models- Discounted cash flow (DCF) model and Monte Carlo Simulation respectively. Master plan analysis and real estate market analysis led to selection of �three� different stretches on Dwarka Expressway for which forecasting investment models is developed for better investment decisions. The study divides different risks involved in the study area under five categories- economical, technological, political, legal and social risks. These identified risks are then classified under 7 quantifiable major risks categories that have an impact on the cash flow - Sales risks, Market growth risk, Leverage Risk, Development risk, Inflation risk, Interest rate risk and Taxation risk. These risks with their range of possible values are incorporated into DCF model through Monte Carlo simulation (Probabilistic Model) and a comparison is made between their financial returns for choice of investing along Dwarka Expressway.

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 Keywords

Residential Real Estate, Risk Identification and assessment, Forecasting Investment Model, Monte Carlo Simulation

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The two varieties of pumpkin seeds such as orange pumpkin seed (OPS) and white pumpkin seed (WPS) were analyzed with their ethanol extracts for the estimation of fatty acid components through GC-MS analysis. 37 compounds were analyzed in total in both OPS and WPS where about 19 compounds were pinpointed to be present in OPS, 25 compounds in WPS and about 8 compounds to be present common in both OPS and WPS. The peak area % concentration obtained from analysis were compared with the known peak area % concentrations of WILEY8.LIB and the results were interpreted. Some of the compounds determined to be present in higher concentration in OPS include were Propane 1,1,3-triethoxy- (6.58 %), Hexadecanoic acid, 1-(hydroxymethyl)-1,2 ethanediyl ester (9.38 %), 9,12-Octadecadienoyl chloride, (Z,Z)- propanetriyl ester, (E,E,E)- (17.59 %), 9-Octadecenoic acid, 1,2,3-propanetriyl ester � (19.19 %), Squalene (21.33 %) and those identified in WPS include Beta.-Sitosterol (5.10%), 9-Octadecenoic acid,1,2,3-propanetriyl ester (E,E,E) (5.65%), Chondrillasterol (7.30%), Propane, 1, 1, 3- triethoxy- (7.50%), Bicyclo[10.1.0]tridec-1-ene (40.55%). Among them biological activities of some of the important compounds are suggested. This study thus offers the base for using OPS and WPS as an herbal supplement.

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 Keywords

Pumpkin seeds, GCMS, Fatty acids

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The uses of biodiesel are increasingly popular because of their low impact on environment. However, it causes combustion problems in conventional diesel engine[CE]. Hence it is proposed to use the biodiesel in low heat rejection (LHR) diesel engines with its significance characteristics of higher operating temperature, maximum heat release, and ability to handle the lower calorific value (CV) fuel etc,. In this work, biodiesel from linseed was used as sole fuel in both versions of the combustion chamber. Engine with LHR combustion chamber was developed with ceramic coating on inside portion of cylinder head by partially stabilized zirconia of 0.5 mm thickness. The experimental investigations were carried out on a four stroke, single cylinder, DI 3.68 kW at a speed of 1500 rpm, In this investigation, comparative studies on performance parameters was made on CE and engine with LHR combustion chamber with different operating conditions of biodiesel with varied injector opening pressure and injection timing. CE showed compatible performance while LHR combustion chamber showed improved performance with biodiesel operation in comparison with pure diesel operation on CE.

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 Keywords

Alternate Fuels, Vegetable Oils, Biodiesel, LHR combustion chamber, Performance parameters.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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WiFi Pose Estimation, CSI, FCN, Deep learning, pi.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Keywords: Sunderban, mangrove ecosystem, biosphere reserve, Amphan, blue carbon sink, community based conservation

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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In the 21st century and specially in a democracy; people are of the opinion that everyone should have equal rights and even the law of the land provides for the same. The Indian Constitution which is regarded as the �Grundnorm� explicitly recognizes an individual�s right to equality, life and further adding right to profess any religion and protecting it through various enactments affirms the same. However, in recent years and the situation which is prevailing in India and which still persists is otherwise and an individual is forced to think that lynching is the status quo in India. The attributes behind this phenomenon ranges from religious feelings to political will where the law enforcement is proving on its futile to curb such incidents.

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 Keywords

Indian Constitution, Human Rights, Lynching, Democracy, Basic Structure, Rule of law, Equality, Secularism.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Real estate sector is the second largest employer after agricultural sector in India. Hence the importance of this sector is immense for countries economic growth as well as growth of different stakeholder involved in this sector. Amongst different stakeholder present in real estate sector the investor share the maximum risk in this sector. Eventually, the investor also get the maximum financial gain. These investor could be a developer who develop real estate projects or could be any person who invest money. The purpose of carrying out this study is to find out the strategy adopted to get maximum financial benefit out of different real estate projects in India from developer�s point of view. Financial part plays important role of investment in Indian real estate. Financial return depends on many factors such as location, user Income group, project typology, government policies etc. Here, in this research financial model is prepared to calculate the financial return from specific real estate project type through case study. Now, it is important to know the importance of having this financial model for any developer. The advantages are as follows, Factors associated for real estate profit, how this factors are affecting the financial return, How this financial model indicates project profit - loss- risks through info-graphic indicators. How these factors can be modified or adjusted in the model at planning stage to avoid loss and to gain maximum return. In this research, first general real estate theories are studied, then the existing investment strategy and financial strategies are also studied in Indian context. Then optimum financial model is prepared for specific project type for maximum financial return and finally, this financial model is validated though another real estate project through case study.

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 Keywords

Real Estate Investment, Real Estate Challenges, Real Estate Opportunities, Real Estate Management, Real Estate Finance, Real Estate Profitability, Government Policies, SWOT Analysis, Working capital management, Financial Model, Net present Value, Cash Flow Analysis.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition