Volume 14 | Issue 6 |

 Abstract

Blockchain technology is emerging as a powerful tool for improving supply chain management by providing transparency, traceability, security, and real-time visibility across different stages of the supply chain. Traditional supply chains often face challenges such as delayed updates, lack of trust among stakeholders, fraud, counterfeiting, poor documentation, and difficulty in tracking products from origin to destination. Blockchain helps address these issues by creating a decentralized and tamper-proof ledger where every transaction is securely recorded and shared among authorized participants. In supply chains, blockchain can be used to verify product authenticity, monitor movement of goods, support smart contracts, reduce paperwork, and improve accountability among suppliers, manufacturers, logistics providers, and customers. The technology is especially useful in industries such as logistics, healthcare, manufacturing, and retail, where secure tracking and compliance are essential. When combined with emerging technologies such as IoT and AI, blockchain can further improve automation, predictive decision-making, and product quality monitoring. This study focuses on understanding the uses, benefits, challenges, and future scope of blockchain in supply chain management

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Blockchain Technology, Supply Chain Management, Transparency, Traceability, Smart Contracts, Data Security, Fraud Reduction, Product Authentication, Decentralized Ledger, Supply Chain Efficiency,

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Disputes resulting from the intersection of domain names and trademarks have emerged across the globe as a common problem. Despite more than two decades of experience, the concerns in the amicable settlement of trademark-domain name disputes have not subsided. With the growing uncertainty about the application of the traditional trademark laws, coupled with the inconsistent judicial decisions, the United States moved towards a separate law to deal with certain aspects of trademark-domain name conflicts. However, the United Kingdom still continued to deal with domain name disputes under the traditional trademark laws. Hence, the positions in the United States and the United Kingdom are found to be at opposing ends of the pendulum. The author, in this article, evaluates the traditional approach of the United Kingdom in dealing with modern-day domain name disputes by highlighting its limitations.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Cybersquatting, Domain names, Goodwill, Passing off, Trade Marks Act 1994, Trademark infringement

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Bihu, the triadic festival complex of Assam comprising Bohag, Kati, and Magh Bihu, is conventionally understood as a seasonal agrarian celebration. This paper argues that Bihu constitutes a highly sophisticated cultural system that structurally integrates traditional ecological knowledge, inter-community solidarity, and folk aesthetic philosophy. Drawing on historical texts, extensive ethnographic fieldwork conducted across five districts of Assam during 2024- 2025, and semi-structured interviews with 30 key practitioners, this study conceptualizes three distinct dimensions of harmony embedded in Bihu praxis. First, ecological harmony is enacted through cattle veneration, phototactic pest management rituals, and post-harvest pyro-offerings that collectively encode indigenous environmental management. Second, social and religious harmony is performed via egalitarian Husori processions and multi-ethnic participation that actively transcend rigid caste and creed boundaries. Third, aesthetic harmony is articulated through a precise kinetic dance grammar, natural acoustic instrumentation, and symbolic textile traditions that unify the somatic body, community, and the landscape. While rapid urbanization, climate change, and digital mediation have shifted Bihu from rural courtyards to institutionalized stages and digital screens, emergent practices such as "Green Bihu" initiatives and digital diaspora performances highlight the festival's adaptive resilience. Ultimately, the paper demonstrates that Bihu offers an invaluable, living model of sustainable pluralism relevant to contemporary Northeast India, concluding with concrete policy recommendations to safeguard this intangible cultural heritage while supporting its organic adaptation.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Keywords: Bihu, Assam, Intangible Cultural Heritage, Traditional Ecological Knowledge (TEK), Festival Studies, Northeast India

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Indian economy has seen several phases of progression during the seven decades post independence. With rising globalization, urbanization and a transition in Indian societies, there has been a significant change in women's employment patterns. The current study highlights the participation of women in factories in various regions across India. A timeframe from 2005 to 2022 has been taken into consideration to observe the trends in such demographic change with respect to factory workers. A region-wise comparison is made to understand the trend of women employed in factories. The Government of India has laid various provisions for women in employment with respect of wage-equality, hygiene facilities, maternity benefits, working conditions and so on. The trend of women workforce participation is broadly seen to be positive across regions while there is still scope to eliminate barriers for women employment specific to factories in India.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Occupational Safety & Health, Registered Factories, Women Empowerment.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

This study compares ecofeminism and indigenous knowledge by assessing similarities between short accounts of Gandhian women environmentalists in India with indigenous ecological practices developed in situ. The work is premised on non-violence, care and connection - the epistemic and ethical principles of Gandhi's tradition. Vandana Shiva, Medha Patkar, Sugathakumari, and others embody a Gandhian vision of ecological justice. Similarly, indigenous tribal earth systems, particularly in Tamil Nadu, draw upon 'place- and people-based' traditional ecological knowledge systems which are linked to their spiritual, cultural and community life. The argument draws upon ecofeminist theory, Gandhian philosophy, and ethnography to assess how women in both organized environmental movements and tribe have been positioned as caretakers of earth. With comparative perspective we have suggested that there are similarities like care and respect for nature, community space and localized conservation, and opposition to exploitative development, as well as dissimilarity in practices and contextual issues. Finally, the article suggest an ecologically based environmental ethic that regards both grassroots activism and indigenous ecological knowledge as vibrant alternatives to environmentally destructive patriarchal and capitalist systems.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Ecofeminism, Indigenous Ecological Knowledge, Gandhian Environmentalism, Women Environmentalists

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is increasingly being integrated into criminal justice systems worldwide, offering predictive and preventive tools to address juvenile delinquency. This article explores the potential of AI in tracking juvenile offences, focusing on predictive analytics, preventive interventions, and rehabilitation. It critically examines ethical dilemmas, legal safeguards, and criminological theories underpinning juvenile justice. The paper argues that while AI can enhance efficiency and foresight, its deployment must be carefully regulated to protect minors' rights, avoid algorithmic bias, and ensure rehabilitative justice.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Transformative Tool, Delinquent Behaviour, Data Integration, Preventive Analysis, Ethical Considerations, Legal Perspectives

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Comprehensive analysis of Occupational Safety & Health (OSH) data in India over the past decade (2012-2021), pertaining to factories registered under the Factories Act, 1948 shows significant positive trends. This paper aims to identify trends, disparities, and areas for improvement in worker well-being by analyzing data on registered factories, employment, fatalities, non-fatal injuries, and dangerous occurrences. Utilizing statistical analysis, visualizations, and comparative assessments, the article sheds light on the current state of OSH in India. The key findings include fluctuations in registered factories and employment, trends in dangerous occurrences, and a consistent decline in fatal and non-fatal injuries. The analysis reveals the need for continuous improvement in workplace safety and proactive measures to address emerging challenges.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Occupational Safety & Health, Registered Factories, Fatal Injuries, Non-fatal Injuries, Industrial Safety

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The presence of hazardous factories in India plays a pivotal role in the nation's industrial and economic landscape. These factories, spanning sectors such as chemicals, petrochemicals, pharmaceuticals, and heavy manufacturing, pose significant risks to workers, public safety, and the environment. This article provides a comprehensive analysis of the hazardous factory scenario in India, examining key industrial sectors, regulatory frameworks, and recent accident trends. Using data from 2018-2022, collected by the Directorate General Factory Advice Service & Labour Institutes (DGFASLI), the article evaluates trends in factory numbers, employment patterns, and safety inspections. The article highlights gaps in safety compliance and inspection rates, emphasizing the need for stronger regulatory oversight. With reference to international safety protocols, such as the Sendai Framework and the UN's conventions on hazardous substances, this article advocates for improved industrial safety policies, increased inspections, and the adoption of advanced safety technologies to mitigate occupational hazards and enhance worker well-being.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Occupational Safety & Health, Registered Factories, Hazardous Factories, Fatal Injuries, Non-fatal Injuries, Industrial Safety

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Livestock and Agricultural Transformation in Hanumangarh District

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Livestock and Agricultural Transformation in Hanumangarh District

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Underwater robotic systems play an important role in environmental observation, water quality assessment, and exploration of submerged regions where direct human access is difficult and risky. This paper presents the design and implementation of a sensor-assisted underwater robotic framework for real-time water monitoring and exploration. The proposed system integrates an Arduino Nano controller, Bluetooth communication module, temperature sensing unit, underwater HD camera, DC motors, brushless DC motor, and electronic speed controller to enable efficient navigation and data acquisition. The robotic platform is designed using a lightweight and buoyant structure that supports stable operation on the water surface as well as at moderate depths. A mobile application provides remote control functionality and facilitates monitoring of environmental parameters. Real-time temperature measurement and live video transmission allow continuous observation of underwater conditions and surrounding objects. The framework supports environmental data collection, surveillance, and exploratory tasks while maintaining simplicity and cost effectiveness. Experimental evaluation demonstrates reliable movement, effective communication, and accurate sensing capabilities, making the system suitable for educational, research, and water resource management applications in diverse aquatic environments.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Underwater Robotics, Remotely Operated Vehicle (ROV), Water Monitoring, Arduino Nano, Bluetooth Communication, Environmental Sensing, Underwater Exploration, HD Camera, Real-Time Surveillance, Sensor-Assisted Framework.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition