Volume 13 | Issue 5 |

 Abstract

The authors intend to find out the life, livelihood and health security of the Bhumij study population during the Covid-19 Period. The findings of the study show that the Bhumij, a tribe in Odisha is a marginalized group but somehow built resilience to make improvements over the vulnerable life conditions and became successful in their trial. The timely intervention made by the PRI members, AWW, and ASHA about the out break of the contagious disease made them alert. They kept on continuing fishing and crab catching as it is their principal source of livelihood though there were hinderances in selling the fish due to police patrolling and irregularity of the daily market. They satisfactorily managed their household expenses with scarce resources. Simultaneously they acknowledge the healthy natural environment and the naturally built strong immune system which protected them to be infected from the contagious Corona virus. Moreover, the on time information and preventive measures of hand washing and social distancing saved them from the Corona pandemic. The social security system by the Government though was minimum but that made them happy. The migrant workers of the community reached home well in advance before the out break of Corona however, two migrant young men made more expenses to buy air tickets as to reach home. They not only overcame the pandemic but also built resilience so that the experiences can help them in the future course of any vulnerable situation in life.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Bhumij Livelihood, Corona Pandemic, Lockdown Period, Social Distancing, Resilience and Revival,

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Cloud computing has revolutionized the way organizations manage and deploy IT resources, offering benefits like scalability, cost-efficiency, and accessibility. However, with these advantages come significant risks related to data security, privacy, compliance, and service reliability. This journal introduces a comprehensive Cloud Computing Risk Assessment Framework designed to evaluate and mitigate risks associated with the adoption and operation of cloud services. The framework is built around a multi-layered approach that includes risk identification, risk analysis, risk evaluation, and risk mitigation strategies. It addresses key concerns such as data integrity, multi-tenancy, access control, vendor lock-in, and service-level agreements (SLAs). Case studies and practical applications of the framework are discussed, illustrating its effectiveness in assessing risks across different deployment models (public, private, and hybrid clouds). This framework aims to guide organizations in making informed decisions about cloud adoption, ensuring secure and compliant cloud operations while minimizing potential vulnerabilities.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

- CC - Cloud Computing, RA - Risk Assessment, RM - Risk Management, SP - Service Provisioning, IaaS - Infrastructure as a Service, PaaS - Platform as a Service, SaaS - Software as a Service, OPTIMIS - Optimized Infrastructure Services, QUIRC - Quantitative Impact and Risk Assessment for Cloud Security, IT - Information Technology, SLAs - Service Level Agreements, VM - Virtual Machine, CSP - Cloud Service Provider, ISO - International Organization for Standardization, NIST - National Institute of

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

A network architecture known as software-defined networking (SDN) moves the control panel to an application known as Controller, separating it from the data panel. The newest method for configuring, managing, and running networks is called software defined networking, or SDN. The network or application infrastructure's centralized store of policy and control instructions is called an SDN controller. Data across the network is vulnerable to assaults if it is not properly secured. We can set up SDN controllers to identify assaults like denial-of-service (DDOS) that can cause network congestion by using SDN policies. When the attack is identified, we can use the policies to determine whether to forward or drop the packet.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

SDN, DDOS, Network Architecture, Network Attack, IDS.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Retailing ethics is critical in shaping consumer trust and loyalty, especially in online commerce, where ethical concerns such as Privacy, Security, and deceptive practices impact consumer behavior. The objective of this study was to assess the retailing ethics of selected online stores in Doha, State of Qatar, as perceived by consumers based on the six ethical dimensions: Privacy, Security, Reliability, Non-deception, Service Recovery, and Shared Value.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Consumer Perception; E-commerce; Online Retailing Ethics; Consumer Trust; Consumer Loyalty; Ethical Dimensions; Consumer Perception; Online Retailers; Ethical Practices; Transparency; Deceptive Marketing; Service Quality; Qatar; Doha; Demographic Differences; Trust Factors; Ethics

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Lozenges are one of the very popular and better innovative dosage form and oral confectionary product. Lozenges are solid unit dosage form that contain one or more medicaments containing sweetners excipients and binders Most common and easy way of administration of drug is orally administered Lozenges are one of the widely used dosage form. However, pediatric, geriatric patientsshowless compliance in swallowing tablets and capsules due to difficulties inswallowingand bitter taste of many drugs when formulated as liquid dosage form. The benefits of the medicated lozenges is they increase the retention time of the dosage form in oral cavity which increases bioavailability,reduces gastric irritation and bypasses first pass metabolism . Lozenges provide a palatable means of dosage form position of Lozengein pharmaceutical market owned to its several advantages but it causessome disadvantages. Acceptance for lozenges as a dosage form is high by adults and also more by children. These lozenges contain active pharmaceutical ingredients that are released as they dissolve in the mouth, providing quick and targeted relief. Common uses of medicated lozenges include soothing sore throats, relieving coughs, and treating oral infections. They are also used to manage symptoms associated with colds, flu, and allergies. This review highlights the therapeutic benefits, formulation, and applications of medicated lozenges. The advantages of medicated lozenges over other oral dosage forms, such as rapid onset of action and improved patient compliance, are discussed. Future directions for the development of medicated lozenges, including novel formulations and delivery systems, are also explored. Different types of lozenges available in market are compressed lozenges, hard lozenges & soft lozengesand their methods of preparation along with ingredients used in their preparation. The present review covers more or less all aspects associated with lozenges and also throws light on the applications of lozenges. It includes various researches performed till date, formulation and evaluation parameters, packaging and applications of lozenges.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Keywords : Lozenge, medicament, Troches, sore throat , cough relief etc.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Introduction: A surgically created AV fistula is a connection between an artery and a vein, usually in the arm you use less often. This is the preferred type of access because of effectiveness and safety. Objectives: 1.To assess the knowledge regarding care of AV fistula among patients with AV fistula. 2. To assess the self-reported practice regarding care of AV fistula in patients with AV fistula. 3.To associate knowledge regarding care of fistula with demographic variables. 4. To associate self-reported practice regarding care of fistula with demographic variables. 5. To associate the knowledge regarding care of AV Fistula in patients with the self-reported practice in the patients. Materials & Methods: Quantitative Research Approach was adopted in this study. Patients with AV Fistula were selected by using Purposive Sampling technique. The sample sizes were 50. Results: The study illustrated that majority 32(64%) had good knowledge and 18(36%) had poor knowledge regarding care of AV fistula. The distribution of Self-Reported Practice regarding care of AV fistula among patients with AV fistula showed that maximum 43 (86%) had poor practice and 7 (14%) had good practice regarding care of AV fistula.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

AV fistula, hemodialysis, knowledge, self-reported practice, Socio-Demographic data.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

This research presents an advanced system that integrates Multipath TCP (MPTCP) with cognitive radio technology to dynamically optimize network performance in environments with fluctuating conditions, such as variable bandwidth, latency, and reliability. Traditional MPTCP, although it allows data transmission across multiple paths, struggles under dynamic network states. The proposed system overcomes these challenges by leveraging cognitive radio's adaptive spectrum management, which continuously evaluates metrics like bandwidth availability, latency, and signal quality to identify optimal paths in real time. Machine learning algorithms further enhance adaptability by analyzing historical data to predict the most efficient paths, proactively routing traffic to avoid congestion and maximize network efficiency.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Adaptive spectrum management, Cognitive radio, Machine learning, Multipath TCP (MPTCP), Network optimization, Dynamic routing, Fault tolerance, Real-time communication.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The growth of human populations is leading to a shift towards urban living, which in turn alters land cover and negatively impacts bird habitats both locally and globally. This review examines: 1) The urbanization of the planet, 2) Bird's reactions to human settlements 3) The reasons behind these avian responses. While a slight majority of studies indicates an increase in bird density, there is a noted decline in species richness and evenness due to urbanization (Blair, 1996; Shochat et al., 2006). The most notable impacts of expanding settlements include arise in non-native bird species, an increase in species that nest on buildings (Chace & Walsh, 2006) (particularly swifts and swallows), higher rates of nest predation, and a decrease in species that nest on the ground or in interiors. The effects on raptors, owls, and cavity-nesting birds are less predictable and often depend on the surrounding environment. Factors that favor certain species in urban areas seem to be more straightforward than those that hinder them. The primary advantage for these species is the increased availability of food (Gleditsch & Carlo, 2011), while factors such as reduced predation, less human interference, and habitat improvements play a lesser role. Conversely, bird declines associated with human settlement are often linked to decreased habitat availability, smaller patch sizes, increased edge effects a rise in Alien plant species, reduced vegetative complexity, and heightened nest predation (Aronson et al., 2014). Urban planners and policymakers have significant influence on the growth and development of cities. Avian ecologists can contribute valuable insights to these critical decisions by: 1) Assessing how settlement patterns impact bird populations and 2) Analyzing how bird communities evolve across various levels of urbanization (Seress & Liker, 2015)

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Urban planners, urbanization, bird density, bird species, bird communities, bird declines

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Phishing attacks continue to pose a major threat to email security, exploiting human vulnerabilities to gain unauthorized access to sensitive information. Traditional rule-based filtering methods often struggle to keep pace with the evolving tactics of cybercriminals. This study presents a machine learning-based approach for robust phishing email detection, aiming to enhance the resilience and accuracy of email security systems. By employing a combination of supervised learning algorithms, natural language processing (NLP), and feature engineering techniques, the proposed model effectively distinguishes between legitimate and phishing emails. Extensive experiments conducted on benchmark datasets demonstrate that the machine learning approach outperforms conventional methods in terms of precision, recall, and overall detection accuracy. This work not only highlights the potential of intelligent systems in combating phishing threats but also provides insights into building scalable and adaptive security frameworks for modern communication networks.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Email Security, Phishing Detection, Machine Learning, Natural Language Processing, Cybersecurity, Supervised Learning, Feature Engineering, Threat Mitigation

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Azolla, a rapidly reproducing aquatic fern rich in protein, has emerged as an economical and effective feed supplement in poultry farming. Thanks to its abundant supply of essential amino acids, vitamins, and minerals, Azolla can partially replace traditional feed ingredients like soybean meal and fishmeal, resulting in lower feed costs and enhanced growth performance in poultry. Its easy cultivation, low resource requirements, and environmental benefits, including nitrogen fixation, make it even more appealing. Studies show that incorporating Azolla into poultry diets leads to better growth ratios and overall bird health.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Keyword - Azolla, feed, production, chicken, protein, nutrition, composition, vitamin.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition