Volume 13 | Issue 5 |

 Abstract

TexttoSQL is a Python tool that leverages Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) to facilitate precise SQL query generation tailored to specific databases through the utilization of Large Language Models (LLMs). This paper provides an in-depth review of TexttoSQL, elucidating its core components, functionalities, and usage guidelines. The tool operates through a two-step process: indexing database specifics into a vector store to create a database-specific RAG model, and formulating SQL queries based on user inquiries using the generated model. Key functions of TexttoSQL, including indexing database details and querying databases using natural language, are discussed. Furthermore, the paper outlines the setup process, class hierarchy, and parameters associated with TexttoSQL, providing a comprehensive guide for users. Additionally, the paper explores the significance of context embedding in the vector store, exemplified through the indexing of Data Definition Language (DDL) statements, question-SQL pairs, and documentation strings. The bulk addition of data from external sources is also examined, highlighting the efficiency of data integration into TexttoSQL's knowledge base. Moreover, the paper delves into the ask_db() method, elucidating its role in querying databases, retrieving SQL queries, and presenting results through DataFrames, natural language responses, and visualizations. Overall, this review paper comprehensively analyzes TexttoSQL's capabilities, emphasizing its potential to enhance database interaction efficiency using cutting-edge natural language processing techniques.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

TexttoSQL, Python Tool, Retrieval-Augmented Generation, Large Language Models, Database Interaction, SQL Query Generation, Vector Store, Data Definition Language, Context Embedding, Natural Language Processing.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Agriculture faces few challenges, especially since there are many tasks that require great physical effort. Inefficiencies ultimately lead to more expenditure, wastage of resources, and decreased productivity. While India is among the highest agricultural producers, it consumes far more than it produces. This gap highlights the need for some creative and effective farming techniques. To address these problems, AgriBot is developed as a virtual robotic system. It automates three important farming tasks: seeding, irrigation, and weed control. The design basis of AgriBot is the combination of ROS2 (Robot Operating System 2) with simulation using Gazebo. The seed planting module automates the sowing procedure. The irrigation system uses soil moisture sensors to irrigate the crops only when needed to minimize wastage. The weed detection module utilizes a Random Forest algorithm to detect weeds and is removed by a laser-burn-based system. AgriBot reduces the amount of manual labor, conserves resources, and increases the efficacy of farming. Simulation tools such as Gazebo allow for the testing and refinement of a system before it is deployed in the real world. This project aims to make farming modern, efficient, cost-effective, and environmentally sustainable.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Agricultural virtual robotics, Irrigation, Machine learning, Precision farming, ROS2, RViz, URDF, Weed detection.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

This systematic review examines the extent to which integrated teacher education programs assist pre-service teachers in gaining 21st-century competencies. Synonyms such as "Integrated teacher education," "21st-century skills," and "Pre-service teachers" were employed in an extensive search of academic databases, such as ERIC, Scopus, and Web of Science. Studies that examined programs that integrated theoretical and practical training, prioritized critical thinking, collaboration, and problem-solving, and engaged pre-service teachers were included for review. Studies with results that could not be measured or were not empirical were excluded according to some specifications. 25 peer-reviewed articles published between 2010 and 2024 were selected from an initial total of 1,342 records according to methodological quality and importance. Program structure, skill outcomes, and research design dominated the issues for data extraction. The findings indicate that combined teacher education programs highly enhance pre-service teachers' critical thinking (as evidenced in 80% of the studies), teamwork (76%), and problem-solving skills (68%). Programs that were able to integrate coursework and fieldwork obtained the best results. The strongest evidence came from quantitative and mixed-methods studies, but qualitative studies provided valuable contextual background too. The robustness and generalizability of findings, though, were compromised by the presence of small sample sizes, imbalanced evaluation instruments, and multiple implementation models. There is limited evaluation of long-term effects in that 40% of the studies used longitudinal designs. In general, this review demonstrates how integrated teacher education programs can facilitate pre-service teachers' acquisition of critical 21st-century skills. To enhance evidence-based reform of teacher education policy and practice, it also calls for additional research using standardized measures, larger sample sizes, and long-term assessment.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Pre-service Teacher,21st-Century, Creativity, Critical Thinking

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

This study explores the influence of organizational values across various stages of the employee life cycle such as recruitment, onboarding, training & development, retention and separation focusing on performance, engagement, leadership, and value reflection. The study adopts a descriptive research design and uses a structured questionnaire to collect primary data from 152 employees. The data were analyzed using statistical tools such as the Mann-Whitney U test, Kruskal-Wallis H test, Correlation analysis and Chi Square test with the help of SPSS. The findings emphasize the importance of leadership in consistently reinforcing the values. The study suggests that organizations should continuously integrate core values at each stage of the employee life cycle to improve both employee outcomes and organizational success.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Organizational values, Employee Life Cycle, Employee Engagement, Leadership, Value Integration.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Dynamic pricing is a modern pricing strategy where businesses adjust their prices in real-time based on various factors such as demand, competition, time of day, and customer behaviour. Through the use of predictive models, businesses can predict customer behaviour and market conditions, adjusting prices accordingly to maximize revenue. Deep learning models, particularly neural networks, help identify complex patterns in data, allowing businesses to adjust pricing strategies and adapt to rapidly changing market environments. This approach not only enhances profitability but also provides a personalized experience for customers by offering prices that reflect their preferences and willingness to pay. Dynamic pricing adjusts prices based on factors like demand and availability. It is used by ride sharing applications, online stores, airlines, hotels, food delivery services, and event ticket platforms. These businesses use technology to set the best price in real-time, staying competitive and meeting customer needs.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Dynamic Pricing, Time Based Pricing, Competitor Based Pricing, Surge pricing, Airline Industry, Ride Sharing, Real Time Adjustments, Dynamic Pricing Mechanism, Ecommerce, Inventory Management, Peak Pricing, Demand shifts

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

This study investigated the relationship between Machiavellianism and relationship satisfaction, with emotional intelligence examined as a potential moderating variable. A sample of 310 individuals aged 18-40, all in romantic relationships, completed standardized self-report measures. Results showed a significant negative correlation between Machiavellianism and relationship satisfaction, indicating that higher Machiavellian traits are linked to lower romantic fulfilment. Contrary to expectations, emotional intelligence neither correlated significantly with Machiavellianism or relationship satisfaction, nor moderated their relationship. These findings suggest that emotional intelligence alone may not buffer the detrimental effects of Machiavellian tendencies in romantic contexts. Implications for future research and clinical interventions are discussed.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Machiavellian, Relationship Satisfaction, Emotional Intelligence, dark personality traits, moderating role and romantic relationships.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

In this study it deals with the theme of power in George Orwell's post war novel Nineteen Eighty-Four. The species of power depicted in these two novels is an exact exposing of the control of power over individuals. This study concentrates on the aftereffects and harmful nature of power. In this novel, it can visibly see that the love for power is the ultimate motive for all political activity. The book bears the disillusionment after the post-war with ideology, leader worship and military adventurism. Nineteen Eighty-Four is the strong reminiscent of the nuclear threat during the cold war. On the other hand Orwell's another novel; Animal Farm depicts the changes that power can bring about through the life of some animals who craves for their freedom.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Exploitation, Power, Marxism, War, Freedom.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

This research explores the impact of employee welfare initiatives on job satisfaction. It focuses on benefits such as health insurance, workplace safety, and support services, and how these impact employee motivation and loyalty. A structured questionnaire was administered to 152 randomly selected employees, and data was analyzed using SPSS with tests like Mann-Whitney U, Kruskal-Wallis, Spearman correlation, and Chi-square. Findings reveal that most employees are satisfied, especially valuing health benefits and company policies. However, areas like performance reviews and workload need improvement. Overall, welfare programs play a key role in enhancing employee satisfaction and supporting organizational growth.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Employee welfare, Job satisfaction, Health benefits, Workplace policies, Employee motivation and Employee loyalty

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Musa paradisiaca , banana sap , coagulate milk, vegetarian cheese, environmentally responsible, innovation, temperature.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The study explores the transformative impact of the Unified Payments Interface (UPI) on India's digital payment landscape. It highlights UPI's role in accelerating the shift from cash-based to digital transactions, particularly post-demonetization and during the COVID-19 pandemic. The research examines how UPI has facilitated financial inclusion, especially in semi-urban and rural areas, by providing a secure, user-friendly, and cost-effective payment solution. Additionally, the paper assesses UPI's contribution to business growth, economic activity, and government welfare schemes by enhancing transaction transparency and efficiency. The study also explores UPI's potential for global expansion, with initiatives in countries like Singapore and UAE, while addressing challenges such as security concerns, regulatory constraints, and digital literacy gaps. The research concludes by emphasizing UPI's role as a model for digital financial inclusion and innovation, both within India and globally.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Digital payments, Financial inclusion, Global expansion, Secure transactions, UPI

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition