Volume 14 | Issue 5 |

 Abstract

Human rights are universally recognized principles that guarantee freedom, equality, justice, and dignity to every individual without discrimination based on gender, religion, caste, or nationality. Among the various dimensions of human rights, the dignity and status of women remain one of the most important and widely discussed subjects in social and legal studies. The position of women has changed considerably from ancient civilizations to the modern age. In the early phases of ancient society, particularly during the Vedic period, women were often respected members of society who participated in education, religious ceremonies, and intellectual discussions. However, with the gradual rise of patriarchal traditions and rigid social structures, women's freedom and social position began to decline. Over time, restrictions related to education, property ownership, and public participation negatively affected their dignity and independence. The modern era has witnessed major developments in the protection of women's rights through constitutional guarantees, democratic values, legal reforms, and international human rights instruments. Women today have greater opportunities in education, employment, politics, and social leadership. Despite these improvements, challenges such as gender discrimination, violence, inequality, and social stereotypes continue to affect women across societies. This research paper presents a comparative study of women's dignity in ancient and modern eras from a human rights perspective. It analyses historical developments, legal changes, and social transformations that shaped women's status over time. The study also includes survey-based primary data to understand contemporary public opinion regarding women's dignity. The findings reveal that although modern legal systems provide stronger protection for women's rights, social and cultural barriers still exist. The paper concludes that legal awareness, education, and social reform remain essential for ensuring complete equality and dignity for women in society.

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 Keywords

Human Rights, Women's Dignity, Gender Equality, Ancient Society, Modern Era, Women Empowerment, Social Justice, Patriarchy

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In Ayurveda, Sandhigata V?ta can be correlated with degenerative joint disorders such as Osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis is the most common form of arthritis and is strongly associated with reduced mobility and disability, particularly affecting weight-bearing joints like the knee. This study investigates the therapeutic potential of Dhatt?ra Patra Taila for its Vedan?hara (analgesic) properties. A randomized controlled trial was conducted with 60 patients, comparing the test drug against the standard Nirgundi Taila. The results demonstrated that Dhatt?ra Patra Taila provided a 79.2% reduction in joint pain and significant improvements in swelling and mobility. The study concludes that Dhatt?ra Patra Taila is a potent, cost-effective, and safe topical intervention for degenerative joint disorders.

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 Keywords

Sandhigata V?ta, Osteoarthritis, Dhatt?ra Patra Taila, Vedana?

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Rakta Pradara is a classical Ayurvedic gynecological disorder causing the excessive or prolonged uterine discharge, particularly during menstruation. It can be correlated with the modern clinical conditions of menorrhagia and abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB). Raktapradara is one among the rakta pradoshaja vikaras. It is mainly characterised by ati pravrutti of artava associated with daha and shoola in vankshana pradesha, Sroni, prushtha and kukshi. it comes under pitta pradhana tridoshaja vyadhi. Ayurveda has described a wide range of chikitsa i.e treatment principles in the management of Raktapradara, which not only cures Raktapradara but prevents its recurrence. it seems that about 10 to 30% of reproductive aged women are affected by Raktapradara

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 Keywords

Raktapradara, Asrigdara, Raja, Menstrual blood, Excessive bleeding, Artava.

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The present paper highlights the need for immediate action and glances on importance of awareness about DIC. With studies revealing substantial knowledge and outreach deficits about District Industries Centres (DICs) in India among startups and MSME owners, awareness of DICs remains poor. Although many businesses ignore DICs, they offer essential help like training, loans, and incentives for tiny enterprises. This restricts their contact to district-level supports. Entrepreneurs should take full advantage of the services provided by DICs in order to advance their businesses, toward the success of their enterprises. The Government's ongoing efforts to assist startups in conjunction with the India's industrial sector will benefit from the resources that DICs provide. Raising awareness and working together will enable startups to continue to contribute to the economy of the nation and generate employment while fostering sustainable growth. This research aims to assess the help that DICs provide in the growth of startups, particularly in the following areas: pay attention to the services offered, the issues entrepreneurs encounter, and the general effect on startup growth and sustainability.

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District Industries Centre, Startups, Promotion of DIC, Awareness of Startups on DIC.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Free Fire game, Behavioural problem, Online gaming, Descriptive study.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The increasing intensity of heat waves during summers and cold-wave conditions during winters has emerged as a serious challenge for school education systems in India. In Haryana, educational authorities frequently declare holidays or alter school timings to ensure the safety and well-being of students and staff. Although such measures provide immediate relief, repeated school closures raise important concerns regarding educational continuity, infrastructural preparedness, administrative efficiency, and policy sustainability. The present paper critically examines whether holiday declaration has become the only practical administrative response available to the Education Department during extreme weather conditions. The study adopts a theoretical and policy-oriented approach to analyze the relationship between climate change, educational governance, infrastructure, student welfare, and learning continuity in Haryana schools. The paper argues that repeated school closures are not merely climatic responses but indicators of deeper infrastructural and administrative limitations within the public education system. The study further proposes climate-resilient educational infrastructure, renewable energy integration, flexible academic planning, and adaptive governance mechanisms as long-term alternatives to repeated closures.

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Climate Change, Haryana Schools, School Closures, Educational Administration, Extreme Weather, Climate-Resilient Infrastructure, Educational Policy

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In Kerala, women's involvement in the informal economy is crucial for maintaining household income and contributing to the state's economic growth. Despite Kerala's impressive social development indicators, women in the informal sector still encounter significant gender-based disparities that impact their employment opportunities. This research explores gender inequality and employment challenges faced by women in Kerala's informal economy, with a focus on wage discrimination, job insecurity, and inadequate social protection. The study is based on a sample of 379 women engaged in various informal sector activities throughout Kerala. It aims to assess the nature and extent of gender inequality, identify the primary employment challenges faced by women, and explore the link between gender inequality and employment conditions. Additionally, the study tests hypotheses concerning the effects of gender discrimination on wages and job security. Both primary and secondary data were utilized for the analyses. The results reveal that women in the informal economy face significant wage gaps compared to men, along with unstable employment, lack of contractual security, and limited access to welfare benefits. The study also finds a strong correlation between gender inequality and poor employment conditions, indicating that gender-based discrimination is a major factor contributing to vulnerability in the informal sector. The study concludes that although Kerala has implemented various welfare measures for informal workers, these measures have been insufficient in addressing structural gender inequalities. It recommends more robust policy interventions focusing on wage equality, social protection coverage, skill development, and better implementation of welfare schemes to improve women's employment status in the informal economy.

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 Keywords

Gender Inequality, Informal Economy, Women Workers, Wage Disparity, Employment Issues, Kerala.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Nadi Pariksha is a classical Ayurvedic diagnostic method described in Yogaratnakara, Sharangdhara Samhita and Bhavaprakasha. It evaluates the physiological and pathological state of the body through tactile examination of the radial pulse. In modern medicine, arterial pulsation is explained through cardiac physiology and electrophysiology. Kriya Sharir explains pulsation through Vyan Vayu circulating Rasa from Hridaya to the entire body. An integrative approach is needed to decode the scientific basis of Nadi Pariksha to understand the physiology of pulsation underlying Nadi Pariksha by correlating Ayurvediya Kriya Sharir concepts with modern cardiac physiology and electrophysiology. Despite widespread clinical use, the physiological basis of Nadi Pariksha remains poorly understood in modern terms. This paper aims to bridge the physiology of pulsation as perceived in Nadi Pariksha by correlating Ayurvedic concepts of Vyan Vayu, Rasa Samvahan and Hridaya Karma with modern cardio physiology, arterial pulse wave propagation and cardiac electrical activity.

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Keywords: Nadi Pariksha, Kriya Sharir, Cardiac Physiology, Electrophysiology, Vyan Vayu, Rasa Samvahan, Pulse Wave

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Depression is a serious mental health disorder that affects millions of people worldwide and may lead to suicide if not detected early. This paper reviews AI-based techniques for depression detection using emotion recognition and text mining. Methods such as Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN), Natural Language Processing (NLP), sentiment analysis, and Naive Bayes classifiers are discussed. Multimodal systems combining facial expressions and textual data provide better accuracy than single-method systems. The proposed approach helps in early detection and mental health support.

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Depression Detection, CNN, NLP, Sentiment Analysis, Machine Learning, Emotion Recognition

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The present study aims to investigates the interrelationship between procrastination, self esteem, and self-efficacy among young adults. Although numerous studies have investigated procrastination, only a limited number have explored its association with both self-esteem and self efficacy. The sample for this study comprised 200 participants, aged 18 to 25 years, drawn from in and around Villupuram. Participants included both males and females. A convenience sampling technique was employed to select individuals most relevant to the research objectives. The tools used to assess procrastination, self-esteem, and self-efficacy were: Tuckman's Procrastination Scale (1991), Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (1965), and the General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSE), along with demographic details. Statistical analysis was carried out using IBM SPSS Version 23. Descriptive statistics provided an overview of the data, while inferential techniques such as the Mann-Whitney U test, Kruskal-Wallis test, and Spearman's Correlation Coefficient were applied for further statistical analysis. Results indicated a significant negative correlation between procrastination, self-esteem, and self-efficacy, whereas self-esteem and self-efficacy demonstrated a significant positive relationship. Demographic details such as gender showed a significant difference in self-esteem and self-efficacy, while social gatherings showed a significant difference in procrastination. For future consideration, intervention strategies and awareness programs are recommended to cultivate healthier time management skills and strengthen coping mechanisms among young adults.

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 Keywords

Procrastination, Self - Esteem, Self - Efficacy, Young Adults.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition