Volume 14 | Issue 5 |

 Abstract

This paper examines the transformation of gaze politics in contemporary Indian screen narratives through a comparative analysis of Ayali (Tamil web series), M?ahanati (Telugu), Kumbalangi? Nights (Malayalam), and Lipstick? Under? My Burkha (Hindi). Drawing upon feminist? film theory,? particularly Laura Mulvey's concept of the male gaze, and extending it through intersectional and postcolonial frameworks, the study interrogates how female bodies are represented, visualized, and experienced? across different? cinematic cultures?. While Hindi cinema often negotiates between objectification and agency, regional cinemas increasingly foreground embodied subjectivity and ethical spectatorship. Through detailed scene-level analysis, this paper? argues that Indian visual culture is shifting from fragmented representations of women toward experiential and empathetic? modes of seeing, thereby redefining the? politics of spectatorship.

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 Keywords

Male gaze, Feminist Film Theory, Spectatorship, Gender Performativity, Visual? Culture.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Hand hygiene constitutes the most fundamental measure to break the transmission pathways of pathogenic microorganisms and minimize the incidence of community and healthcare-associated infectious outbreaks [1, 2]. Although modern chemical hand cleansers show significant microbicidal potency, their chronic application frequently causes dermatological issues including dry skin, severe contact irritation, epidermal cracking, and a shift in localized microflora patterns [7, 15]. Furthermore, the persistent overuse of synthetic antimicrobial compounds fuels the selection pressure driving antibiotic mutation pathways [19]. To mitigate these risks, topical formulation research focuses heavily on plant-derived alternatives [9, 13]. This review systematically evaluates liquid hand hygiene washes containing neem (Azadirachta indica) extract as the primary functional component [2, 20]. We analyze the extraction parameters, pharmaceutical compounding profiles, and comparative quality control data--including pH rheology, foam height indices, and physical stability attributes [9, 24]. Additionally, the in-vitro zone of inhibition studies against common cutaneous isolates such as Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli are evaluated [11, 15], establishing a reliable, non-toxic, and reproducible framework for natural hand sanitation products.

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Review, Herbal Handwash, Neem Extract, Azadirachta indica, Compounding Standards, Evaluation.

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Polymeric micelles have emerged as an extraordinary class of supramolecular nanocarriers that successfully bridge the gap between highly challenging biopharmaceutical candidates and effective clinical treatment workflows. Composed of self-assembled amphiphilic copolymers, these unique systems possess an optimized core-shell spatial architecture that sequesters poorly water-soluble therapeutics within an isolated hydrophobic core while projecting a highly hydrated, biocompatible corona into aqueous continuous domains. This comprehensive review delivers an extensive, highly granular analysis of the architectural variables, thermodynamics, engineering principles, and translational trajectories governing contemporary micellar delivery structures. We critically trace the historical progression from baseline preparation methodologies including direct dissolution, dialysis co-solvent extraction, emulsification-evaporation, and traditional thin-film hydration to next-generation scalable platforms powered by automated microfluidic continuous systems, supercritical fluid extractions, PEG-assisted plasticizer-driven self-assemblies, and localized multi-stimuli responsive dynamic orientations. Furthermore, this treatise presents structural comparative inventories detailing exactly how these assembly pathways dictate critical quality attributes such as average size windows, polydispersity metrics, absolute loading contents, and dilution colloidal stability across target oncology, anti- infective, and chronic anti-inflammatory domains. Finally, robust implementation guidelines under Quality-by- Design paradigms and process analytical frameworks are delineated to successfully overcome manufacturing bottlenecks, ensuring a clear path toward regulatory approval and real-world industrial scale-up.

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 Keywords

polymeric micelles; amphiphilic block copolymers; critical micelle concentration; drug delivery systems; microfluidics; PEG-assisted assembly; clinical translation; nanomanufacturing scalability.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Worldwide, Small Scale Industries (SSI) are being recognized for their contribution to employment, innovation and economic dynamism. In the Indian context, SSI units are having the responsibility of generating need-based employment, providing an extensive range of products, encouraging exports and helping in national income. Taking into consideration employment generation this paper seeks to explore the distribution of Small Scale Industries and their contributions in employment generation particularly in Sambalpur District and Odisha in general.

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Small Scale Industries (SSI), Employment Generation, Sambalpur District.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Nutraceutical herbal gummies represent a modern advancement in functional food science, offering an effective and patient-friendly system for delivering natural health benefits. Traditional therapeutic formats such as standard tablets and hard capsules frequently present compliance hurdles, particularly for individuals dealing with swallowing difficulties. This review presents a comprehensive assessment of specialized gummy matrices optimized with targeted botanical extracts to address critical areas of preventative human health. We investigate anti-diabetic formulations employing paneer doda and gymnema leaf extracts to support glycemic balance; pediatric health systems utilizing small cardamom, large cardamom, and ginger extracts to assist metabolic and respiratory physiological functions; fiber-dense fruit configurations designed for gastrointestinal wellness; neural matrices enriched with lutein and zeaxanthin crystals to filter high-energy blue light and counter macular degeneration; and psychotropic herbal blends designed for stress and anxiety regulation. Furthermore, we examine key technical considerations in hydrocolloid processing, such as organoleptic taste optimization, thermal preservation of sensitive bioactives, and the stabilization of gel structures against surface syneresis. These insights demonstrate that chewable hydrocolloid architectures can serve as reliable, standardized tools within modern preventative healthcare.

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Nutraceuticals, Herbal Gummies, Health Benefits, Hydrocolloids, Gelatin, Pectin, Bioavailability, Quality Control.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The current research explores the sustainable tourism development in Sundarbans with specific attention to the environmental, economic and socio-cultural components. The Sundarbans is the biggest mangrove environment in the world and is also a UNESCO World Heritage Site of huge ecological and tourist importance. The report highlights the current state of tourist development, the involvement of local communities, government efforts, eco-tourism practices and the barriers to sustainability in the area.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Sustainable Tourism, Eco-tourism, Sundarbans, Biodiversity Conservation, Climate Change, Community Participation, Environmental Sustainability, Tourism Development.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Background: Preventing danger signs in pregnancy at the community level is essential to reduce maternal and fetal complications. ASHA plays an important role to educate pregnant women about common danger signs. Objectives: To evaluate the effectiveness of Planned Teaching Programme on level of knowledge regarding identification of danger signs in pregnancy among ASHA in selected areas of Kamrup, Assam.Methods & Materials: A quantitative research approach was used. A total number of 60 ASHAs were selected using convenience sampling. The pre test has been conducted to assess the knowledge following that Planned Teaching Programme on danger signs in pregnancy has been administered and post test has been conducted on 7th day after administration of Planned Teaching Programme. Results: Planned Teaching Programme was effective on level of knowledge regarding identification of danger signs in pregnancy among ASHA with mean difference 4.30 between pre test and post test knowledge. Conclusion: Although ASHA workers have received in-service education regarding danger signs in pregnancy, timely and regular training is essential to reinforce and update their knowledge.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Effectiveness, Planned Teaching Programme, ASHA, Danger signs

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Language is one of the most important markers of community identity, cultural continuity, and social communication. For tribal communities, language is not only a medium of expression but also a carrier of history, oral tradition, belief, memory, and collective identity. The Ho community of Odisha, particularly in Mayurbhanj district, has made sustained efforts to preserve and promote the Ho language and its script, Warang Chiti. The Ho language movement in Odisha developed in close connection with similar efforts in Jharkhand and became an important cultural and educational movement from the 1970s onward. The movement gained greater significance during the 1990s and 2000s through the leadership of individuals and organisations such as Kayera Singh Bandia, Manoranjan Tiria, Kanda Charan Biruli, Adibasi Ho Samaj Mahasabha, Adivasi Ho Students' Union, and other community-based bodies. Their demands included recognition of Ho language in the Eighth Schedule of the Indian Constitution, promotion of Warang Chiti script, preparation of textbooks, recruitment of Ho language teachers, and implementation of mother-tongue-based multilingual education. This article examines the historical background, leadership, demands, organisational activities, educational importance, and contemporary relevance of the Ho language movement in Mayurbhanj district of Odisha.

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Keywords: Ho language, Warang Chiti, Mayurbhanj, tribal identity, multilingual education, language movement, Odisha, indigenous culture

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

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