Volume 7 | Issue 4 |

 Abstract

The history of the Open & Distance Learning (ODL) education system in our country is now three decades old. In the phase of rapidly transformation in higher education in our country these universities have the common mandate to reach the disadvantaged group of the people in our society in terms of access and equity for higher education, particularly the distance and remote areas of the country. Two main factors have led to an explosion of interest in distance learning: the growing need for continual skills upgrading and retraining; and the technological advances that have made it possible to teach more and more subjects at a distance. As a force contributing to social and economic development, ODL is fast becoming an accepted and indispensable part of the mainstream of educational systems in both developed and developing countries, with particular emphasis for the latter.

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 Keywords

Student Support Services (SSSs) in Open and Distance Learning Institutions of Assam

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Literacy is growing fast in all the regions of the world. In India too more children are now getting education than before. But it is important to ask whether all the regions and states of India are growing equally or is there a variation, whether children are getting the minimum facilities in school, and all the regions and states of India are equally providing educational facilities to their children. This paper aims to analyze the status of primary education in India's North East. The analysis is carried out on the basis of some parameters associated with primary education, and it indicates the existence of intra-regional disparities in development of primary education.

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 Keywords

Primary education, Educational facilities, Northeast States

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This study aims to evaluate the training management policies and practices at Dilla University. To achieve this goal, a cross-sectional case study was conducted, incorporating both qualitative and quantitative research methodologies to ensure a comprehensive and in-depth analysis of the subject. Multi-step sampling techniques were employed, beginning with the stratification of the target population, followed by simple random sampling within each stratum. Additionally, judgmental sampling was applied for key informant interviews. A combination of primary and secondary sources was utilized to address the research questions, depending on the nature of the information sought. Comprehensive research instruments, including structured questionnaires and interviews, were developed and employed to collect data for analysis. The study's findings, presented through descriptive analysis, highlighted several key insights. The training management policy, an integral component of the university's human resource department, is designed to enhance employee quality and capability while ensuring the delivery of efficient and dependable services. Furthermore, the university's training practices have demonstrated adaptability to changes in the workplace, effectively enhancing the skills and knowledge of employees. However, in terms of employee selection for training, the study found that performance appraisal and seniority in service years are the most commonly practiced criteria. Notably, the study revealed deficiencies in training needs analysis. This issue stems from barriers such as the absence of a clear training policy and challenges in precisely identifying the required skills, knowledge, and personal attitudes. This assessment sheds light on the strengths and shortcomings of training management policies and practices at Dilla University, offering valuable insights for potential improvements and future development in this critical area.

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 Keywords

Training Management, Dilla University, Assessment, Training Policies, Employee Development

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The architectural education landscape in India stands at a crossroads, witnessing transformation in the wake of the National Education Policy (NEP) of 2020. This policy emphasizes holistic and multidisciplinary learning, demanding a reevaluation of architectural pedagogy. Architects today engage with diverse facets of society, technology, and culture, necessitating a departure from traditional silos. This research paper reviews the key provisions of NEP 2020, their impact on architectural education, and international best practices. It concludes with recommendations for reimagining architectural education in India within the context of NEP 2020, aimed at fostering adaptability, relevance, and quality.

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 Keywords

Architectural Education, NEP 2020, Holistic Learning, Multidisciplinary Pedagogy, Reimagining Education

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This research paper explores the evolving landscape of responsible building envelopes and their crucial role in sustainable construction. While traditional building envelope design has primarily focused on optimizing energy efficiency, this paper argues that it is essential to transition beyond a narrow focus on energy consumption. Addressing broader sustainability challenges, including resource utilization, environmental impacts, and occupant well-being, necessitates embracing responsible building envelopes. Responsible building envelopes encompass considerations that extend beyond energy efficiency, such as material choices, life cycle analysis, and the integration of renewable energy sources. Drawing insights from the literature on energy transitions and sustainability principles, this paper aims to provide a comprehensive perspective on responsible building envelopes and their significance in the transition toward sustainable construction practices.

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 Keywords

Building Envelopes, Sustainability, Energy Efficiency, Responsible Design, Material Choices, Renewable Energy, Transition.

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The construction industry is an intricate web of operations, where the convergence of architectural design, spatial planning, and the logistics of construction projects are vital. In this paper, we examine the often underestimated yet essential element within construction sites - food. We investigate the interplay of food, space, and architecture and analyze their profound implications on the health and safety of construction workers. Moreover, we explore how this nexus significantly influences project costs, underlining the potential cost savings that stem from improved health and safety measures. The research ultimately underscores the critical importance of recognizing the intricate relationship between food, spatial design, architecture, and the broader construction context.

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Construction, Health and Safety, Architecture, Food, Cost Implications, Spatial Design, Workers.

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Air pollution is the result of multiple human activities and natural calamities. Over the years, a number of natural activities such as volcanoes, forest fires, lightning possibly release various pollutants in the environment but the atmosphere has not been so much affected as is now being done by anthropogenic activities. Air pollution is determined by the introduction of harmful substances including particulate matter (PM10, PM2.5), Gases (e.g. carbon monoxide (CO), dioxides of Nitrogen (NOx), ground level ozone (O3), sulfur dioxide (SO2) , organic compounds (e.g. polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon [PAH]), and metals in higher concentration pass through the environment. Air pollution is the main cause for the Cardio-vascular dysfunctions, respiratory and neurological disorders among human, while it impacts wildlife and plant too. More, it is also responsible for climate change as it causes global warming, ozone layer depletion and acid rain etc. This paper discusses about the air pollution and its impact on environment and human health.

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pollutants; environment; acid rain; global warming; neurological disorder

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Currently, India has the second-largest senior population in the world, and it is expected that this population will continue to grow by the year 2050. However, India lacks the necessary knowledge and resources to maintain the health and wellbeing of the elderly population, so it is necessary to study the issues that senior citizens face on a daily basis. The present study aims to find out the adjustment problems of senior citizens. Sample consisted of 80 aged subjects. Out of them 40 male and 40 female participants. Age ranges of the aged sample from 60-65 years. Shamshad -Jasbir Old age Adjustment Inventory was administered to collect the data. Result revealed that there is significant difference in overall adjustment of aged male and female respondents. Male have better adjustment than females. Also, there is significant difference in health, home, social, marital, emotional, and financial adjustment of the respondents.

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 Keywords

Adjustment, Senior citizens

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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A sixth of India's population, but not its land, is made up of them. They control, at most, a meager fraction of a sixth of Indians' territory. In fact, most governments in this nation are unable to give even the most rudimentary information about the lands that dalits hold or have received as distributions. Nobody disputes the fact that they are largely landless and that, when they do own land, it is marginal and sometimes of poor quality. Second, there is a distinct caste geography in Indian irrigation. Upper castes cultivate near the tail waters, followed by intermediate castes in the center, and dalits in the middle.

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Population, Agricultural laborers, marginal caste, demographics

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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United Nation Organization was established on 24 October 1945 in San Francisco conference1 and since than an important part of world politics. Its primary concern was to remove war and maintain peace and security. Since its inceptions there were five permanent members enjoying veto power and this veto power where as India is advocating structural reform of UN, to make it more democratic and more representative of all the regions. In many respect India deserves permanent seat in the in the restructured U.N security council. Any reforms to this effect need amendment of the Charter as per Article 108 of the Charter. So realizing this Ban Ki-moon, the former Secretary General of UNO remarked that "The U.N Security Council reform, being debated since two decades is too long overdue and the necessary expansion must be made considering how much the world has changed."

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 Keywords

Reforms, Veto Power, Big power, P-5, Permanent seat, U.N. Security Council, Restructured, Democratization, Proper Representation

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition