Volume 4 | Issue 4 |

 Abstract

Frequent pattern mining and association rule mining are foundational in data mining, enabling the discovery of hidden relationships and patterns within large datasets. This comprehensive survey, provides an expanded overview of the key algorithms, their evolution, comparative strengths and weaknesses, and major research trends. The report covers traditional, advanced, and emerging methods, with a focus on both static and dynamic data environments, scalability, utility-based mining, parallelization, and domain-specific adaptations. Real-world applications, open challenges, and future research directions are also discussed.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Frequent pattern mining,Association rule mining,intrusion detection

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The growing demand for seamless data sharing across diverse platforms has highlighted the need for robust integration solutions, particularly in environments dealing with both structured and unstructured data. Current systems primarily address structured data integration, leaving a significant gap in handling unstructured file-based data. This paper proposes a novel model designed to integrate, query, and share unstructured data, focusing on news feeds as a case study. We explore how integrating heterogeneous data sources can be optimized, highlighting the importance of grid technology and unified access interfaces.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Data Integration, Unstructured Data, News Feeds, Grid Technology, SEO

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Our work on the synthesis of 1, 5-0benzothiazepines, we report herein the synthesis of six new 2, 3-dihydro-1, 5-benzothiazepines1-2 having a methoxyl group at various positions in the phenyl ring at position 2 or 4, alone or alongwith other groups.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

aminothiophenol , sulphydryl, chalkones, isotopic , methoxybenzalacetophenone

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

As the globe seeks low-carbon energy, solar electricity is the most plentiful resource. This century's problem is harnessing energy. Photovoltaics, solar heating and cooling, and CSP are common solar energy uses. Different technologies, proportions of the solar resource, site requirements, and production capacities distinguish these solar energy systems. Every solar energy application needs accurate solar resource data. Small rooftop installations and huge solar power plants are affected. Because huge installations might cost over $1 billion, solar resource knowledge is very important. The best fuel supply quality and dependability information must be accessible before such a project. To predict the daily and annual performance of a proposed solar heating and cooling system or power plant, this project needs reliable data about the solar resource available at specific locations, including historic trends with seasonal, daily, hourly, and (preferably) subhourly variability. Without this data, manufacturers and dealers cannot provide reliable financial analysis. sun energy system performance assessments need sun radiation data. The National Solar Radiation data source in India includes stored hourly, daily, and monthly data for various capital cities and districts for 60 years. Since simulating systems for 60 years is computationally intensive, it is easier to use typical data in performance analyses by simulating a computer program for as many years to any location, any time, any day, and any month and year of the country only by knowing its latitude and longitude. Flat Plate Collectors are the easiest and most common way to convert solar energy into heat. Solar radiation hits the darkened collector absorber surface via clear cover plates and is absorbed as thermal energy. Air or liquid movement removes thermal energy from the absorber, delivering heat for use or storage. A C-language computer program has been developed to predict the performance of a flat plate collector that stores heat in water called a Solar Water Heater. The program takes into account beam radiation, diffuse radiation, global radiation, total solar flux, declination, incident angle, outlet fluid temperature, and instantaneous efficiency. Simulation of flat plate collector for solar water heaters produces rapid results and optimizes cost and efficiency. This research simulates a flat plate collector for a solar water heater using a C-language software designed to forecast solar collector system performance based on location and time of day. Program calculates instantaneous beam and diffuse radiations for the collector's location, number of days (n value) for any date in the year, angle of incidence of beam radiation on the collector, total solar flux incident on the collector, transmissivity - absorbtivity product, incident flux absorbed by the absorber plate, collector heat removal factor, overall loss coefficient, water outlet temperature, and instantaneous. The modeling tool estimates solar collector system performance and can size solar hot water systems for varied applications. The study includes parametric investigation of the effect of selective surfaces, number of covers, spacing, collector tilt, fluid inlet temperature, incident solar flux, and dust on top covers on solar water heater performance and validation of computational results with experimental results from literature and Chickballapur. The customized comparison approach may correlate the generalized program with solar collector performance for solar water heaters at any location without tests, ensuring precision and correctness.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Flat plate Collector, Solar water Heater, Computer program in C-language.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

With the ecological imbalance in the nature due to exploitation of natural sand from rivers, there is much need to utilize the industrial wastes in concrete as a part to replace the natural sand deficiency and also as to develop sustainable environment in construction industry. High strength and durability properties being the key components of High-performance concrete can be produced by using some admixtures like fly ash and silica fume. In the present study, fly ash and silica fume are taken as steady replacement of 15% and 10% respectively for cement. Bottom ash is introduced in place of sand at the variations of 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% and 50%. Glass fibers of 1% are added as extra ingredient as to improve some properties. The properties of strength, drying shrinkage and water absorption are studied for the M60 grade concrete designation. The results showed that the concrete with 40% bottom ash had the optimum strength.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Bottom ash, drying shrinkage, fly ash, silica fume, strength

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

In the upcoming years, cloud computing, a new and developing technology, is anticipated to drastically alter the IT industry. Leading enterprise companies like Amazon, Microsoft, and Google now offer a wide range of cloud services in the form of specialised, dependable, and reasonably priced web applications. Numerous people and organisations from a variety of fields, including business, education, and health, are drawn to these services. Our goal in this paper is to familiarise cloud users with the most well-known Cloud Service Providers (CSPs). We additionally present a comparative analysis of these CSPs based on various service-related criteria. Before moving their business, people and organisations can use the study presented in this paper to make important decisions about the costs and advantages of cloud technology.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Cloud computing, Cloud Service Providers, SaaS, PaaS, IaaS

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The last few years have seen artificial intelligence systems transform education at an unprecedented rate. Such systems have far-reaching implications-they bring opportunities and challenges-and their development must adhere to ethical principles that make learning contexts inclusive, equitable, and effective. This conceptual review offers a discussion on the possibility of Bayesian networks as a framework for modelling and addressing complex interconnectivity between ethical considerations, societal impacts, and technical feasibility within AI-driven educational systems. Bayesian networks allow stakeholders to see dependencies and trade-offs that lie underneath informed decision-making and responsible design of AI. It therefore focuses on empowering diverse groups, including women, fully to take an active role in lobbying for ethical development of AI, discussing salient topics in attention to issues like bias, privacy, accountability, and accessibility. This paper gives a theoretical footing from which it is possible to integrate ethical decision-making into AI system design and underlines the need for multidisciplinary education. The study is going to be a roadmap for researchers, educators, and policymakers interested in the development of ethical AI for education.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Bayesian, Ethics, AI, Education, Empowerment, Equity, Feasibility, Framework, Inclusion, Policy.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Nymithikinaam kaamyaanaam cha saamidheninaam Vidhana Vivaranam

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Nymithikinaam kaamyaanaam cha saamidheninaam Vidhana Vivaranam

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The Open Government Data initiatives look to promote transparency and accountability of public sectors besides enhancing citizen engagement through free availability public sector data. However, through the integration of cloud computing technologies, the effective use and scalability of OGD initiatives have been very much enhanced. This review paper examines trends and patterns in the adoption of cloud computing for open government data platforms, cognizant of international case studies, technological and policy frameworks that support these efforts, and challenges related to security of data, privacy, interoperability, and governance. The review highlights the advantages of cloud infrastructure, which include scalability, real-time access, cost efficiency, and seamless data sharing, as reasons that have made OGD more accessible to developers, researchers, and citizens. Other emerging trends of OGD include hybrid cloud models, the role of artificial intelligence in processing OGD, and the open data platforms of smart cities. The future discussion will cover research aspects in overcoming technical and policy challenges to make cloud-based OGD solutions more effective

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Open Government Data, Cloud Computing, Transparency, Accountability, Data Security, Hybrid Cloud, Smart Cities, Policy Frameworks, Scalability, Data Governance

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

This study examines the role of mass media in the success of the Biogas Programme in Karnataka, which focuses on sustainable energy adoption and rural development. The paper explores how various forms of media, such as television, radio, newspapers, and online platforms, have contributed to promoting and educating people about biogas technology. By sharing knowledge, raising awareness, and educating rural communities, mass media have encouraged participation and adoption. The research combines qualitative media content analysis and quantitative surveys of Biogas Programme beneficiaries, revealing that mass media have positively influenced perceptions and attitudes towards biogas, leading to increased acceptance and implementation. Challenges, such as language barriers and access limitations, are also identified. The study's implications extend globally to other sustainable development initiatives, highlighting the vital role of mass media in their success. Ultimately, the Biogas Programme's achievement is linked to effective communication through mass media, emphasizing collaboration between governments, media, and local communities for successful sustainable development.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Biogas Programme. Karnataka. Mass media. Success. Sustainable energy. Rural development. Communication. Awareness dissemination. Information sharing. Energy adoption. Waste management. Environmental conservation. Television. Radio. Newspapers. Online platforms.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition