Volume 13 | Issue 4 |

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Zein ,Edible coatings, Triphala ,Tomato

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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IoT, Poultry Farming, DHT22, ESP32, Automated Temperature Control, Ammonia Sensor, Cloud Monitoring, Smart Agriculture.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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In this article, we shall prove a few of the most useful results on Hilbert-Schmidt Operators in our own technique. We shall also prove the following inclusions between different classes of operators on ?, each of which is a two-sided, self-adjoint ideal of operators in .

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Hilbert-Schmidt Operators, Trace Class operators, Compact operators, Bounded operators.

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This study looks at how nature is portrayed in Western and Indian literature, and how it reflects and shapes society values, cultural norms, and environmental concern. The study's goal is to expose the differing and converging ways in which nature is depicted by evaluating chosen works from both literary traditions, functioning as a mirror to the civilizations from which these narratives originate. The research also investigates the changing connection between humans and nature as represented in literature, as well as the consequences for current environmental debate. The fundamental goal of this research is to better understand how nature shapes cultural identities and societal attitudes, as well as to evaluate how literature might promote environmental consciousness. The research aims include:: examining (1) how nature is portrayed in Western and Indian novels, (2) how these representations represent cultural settings and social ideals, and (3) how literature might affect environmental advocacy and consciousness. In order to evaluate important works like Mary Shelley's Frankenstein, Thomas Hardy's Tess of the d'Urbervilles, R.K. Narayan's The Guide, and Amitav Ghosh's The Hungry Tide, the research technique uses a qualitative approach and eco-critical and comparative literary frameworks. Thematic patterns, cultural quirks, and the symbolic usage of nature are all identified through an analysis of these works. According to the findings, Indian novels illustrate the contradictions between industrialization and Romantic ideals, whereas Western novels frequently portray nature as a space of struggle or transcendence. However, both faiths call for environmental stewardship and analyze social ills through the perspective of nature. This study emphasizes how literature has the ability to influence and mirror cultural perceptions of nature.

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: Nature in Western and Indian novels, industrialization, ecological traditions

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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This study investigates the cultivation, productivity, and social and economic impact of millets grown in the Taranagar region of Churu district, Rajasthan. Millets, known for their drought resistance and nutritional value, play a significant role in the agrarian economy of arid and semi-arid regions like Taranagar. The research focuses on major millet varieties cultivated in the area, such as pearl millet (bajra), and evaluates factors influencing yield, including soil quality, irrigation practices, and traditional versus modern farming techniques. Data was collected through field surveys, farmer interviews, and local agricultural records. The study highlights the adaptability of millets to the region's adverse climatic conditions and their potential to enhance food security, farmer income, and climate resilience. Challenges such as market access, storage infrastructure, and awareness about millet-based diets were also explored. The findings underscore the need for targeted policy support and awareness campaigns to promote millet cultivation and consumption, thereby ensuring sustainable agricultural development in the region. This study focuses on the cultivation and agronomic performance of two important millet crops--pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum) and sorghum (Sorghum vulgare) in arid and semi-arid regions, with an emphasis on their adaptability, nutritional value, and role in sustainable agriculture. Both crops are staple cereals in regions with limited rainfall and poor soil fertility, making them crucial for food security and rural livelihoods. The research examines varietal characteristics, growth conditions, and productivity under traditional and improved agricultural practices. Data was gathered through field trials, farmer surveys, and soil and climatic analysis. Results indicate that both pearl millet and sorghum exhibit strong drought resistance, short growing periods, and significant resilience to pests and diseases. Additionally, their high fiber, protein, and micronutrient content position them as key crops in combating malnutrition. The study concludes that promoting the cultivation of these millets, supported by better market access, extension services, and processing infrastructure, can contribute to climate-resilient and nutrition-sensitive farming systems in dryland areas.

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Pearl millets, Sorghum, Taranagar, Churu, Rajasthan.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Through the utilization of statistical and calculus-based methodologies, this study examines the influence of gender wage policies on urban income inequality, as measured by the Gini coefficient. Gender wage inequality, driven by systemic undervaluation of women's work and limited access to high-paying roles, remains a significant barrier to equitable economic participation in urban areas. Through an analysis of data from 2005-2016, this paper evaluates the impact of the UK's Equality Act 2010, a significant legal framework, on reducing income inequality. The study employs statistical methods, including regression analysis and the Mann-Whitney U test to assess the impact of the Act. Results indicate a statistically significant decline in the Gini coefficient post-implementation, highlighting the role of gender wage policies in narrowing wage gaps and stabilizing income distribution. Furthermore, this research explores the limitations of such policies, emphasizing the need for comprehensive systemic reforms, including equitable access to education, childcare support, and workplace inclusivity.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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: The project presents the Implementation and Analysis of CDRA antenna operating at 6GHz frequency on Rogers RT substrate using ANSYS HFSS simulation software. The cylindrical geometry is selected due to its fabrication simplicity, and its capacity to deliver a uniform radiation pattern, which is essential for reliable communication. Dielectric resonator antennas are widely recognized for their exceptional radiation efficiency and broad operational bandwidth, making them highly suitable for advanced applications such as Internet of Things (IoT), 5G communication networks, and Satellite Communication systems. By employing HFSS, critical antenna performance metrics, including Return loss (S11), VSWR, Radiation patterns can be accurately derived and optimized.

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CDRA antenna, HFSS, Return loss, VSWR, Radiation pattern

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Skin cancer is one of the most common types of cancer worldwide, and early detection is crucial for effective treatment. Traditional diagnostic methods rely on clinical expertise, which can be subjective and time-consuming. In recent years, machine learning (ML) techniques have gained significant attention for their potential in automating skin lesion detection and classification, improving diagnostic accuracy, and reducing human dependency. This survey provides a comprehensive review of various ML-based approaches for skin lesion analysis, including feature extraction techniques, classification algorithms, and evaluation metrics. It explores different datasets used for training ML models and highlights challenges such as data imbalance, variability in lesion appearance, and interpretability of models. Additionally, recent advancements in deep learning, particularly convolutional neural networks (CNNs), are discussed, along with their impact on improving classification performance. The survey also examines the role of ensemble learning and hybrid models in enhancing diagnostic accuracy. Finally, potential future research directions are outlined to address existing limitations and further advance ML applications in dermatology.

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Skin cancer, Early detection, Machine learning (ML), Skin lesion detection, Skin lesion classification, Diagnostic accuracy, Feature extraction.

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This study explores public perception and awareness of green taxes as a motivator for developing a sustainable circular economy in Bangalore. Green taxes are considered to act as a discourager for pollution and motivator for environmental-friendly behavior, thus playing a very important role in transforming consumer and production patterns. The study was based on the responses of 101 participants by using a structured questionnaire. It collected demographics, knowledge of green taxes, attitudes, and perceptions in regard to their efficiency towards sustainability. It showed levels of awareness and support ranging from respondent to respondent concerning green taxes. They were more skeptical of their long-run economic impact but recognized they reduced pollution. It used chi-square tests and ANOVA to test how the effect of green tax awareness may be associated with consumers' behavior, decision to buy, and perception of the long-term environment. There is a gap in public knowledge and effectiveness in reaching existing channels, which suggest ways to which policymakers may benefit in driving the sustainability consumption through circular economies, with regard to using green taxes as drivers of consumption in the pursuit of environmental concerns.

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Circular Economy, Environmental Benefits, Green Taxes, Public Perception, Sustainable Practices

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition