Volume 13 | Issue 4 |

 Abstract

This study examines the impact of the demonstration effect on college students' preferences for branded products in Mannarkkad Municipality. The demonstration effect refers to the tendency of individuals to imitate the consumption habits and trends adopted by others. This phenomenon has long been used to influence consumer buying behavior. In this study, the demonstration effect is analysed for its role in raising awareness among college students about specific products. The research focuses on students who use different brands to assess how the demonstration effect influences their purchasing decisions, particularly in shaping their perceptions and awareness. The findings offer valuable insights into the factors that influence college students' consumption behavior, providing a deeper understanding of their preferences and choices. Marketers can leverage these insights to tailor their strategies to effectively engage with college students, a demographic known for its distinct preferences and behaviors. This study also contributes to the academic discourse on consumer behavior, with a particular focus on the demonstration effect and branded products. It empirically examines the demonstration effect theory proposed by Prof. Ragnar Nurkse and the hypothesis of Dusenberry, with specific reference to Mannarkkad Municipality

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Demonstration effect, Buying behavior, College students, Branded products

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Mouth ulcers are a widespread and disabling illness occurring in millions across the globe. This review is intended to present an overview of the established knowledge regarding mouth ulcers, such as causes, symptoms, and treatment, at the present time. Mouth ulcers refer to painful sores that cause lesions on the mucosal lining of the mouth, resulting in pain and speaking and eating difficulty. This review indicates the possibilities of medicinal plants in their management. Traditional therapies such as topical creams and oral steroids are widely practiced, but increasing attention is being drawn to alternative forms of therapy, especially the utilization of herbal plants, because they have healing effects and very little side effect. Herbal medicines are a promising and natural remedy for the treatment of mouth ulcers, and flavonoids, essential oil, alkaloids are responsible for their therapeutic activity. Special emphasis is given to the use of medicinal plants in the management of mouth ulcers, citing their anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antimicrobial activities. The plants have bioactive compounds that can speed up healing, alleviate pain, and inhibit secondary infections in the ulcer site.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Mouth ulcer, natural remedies, antiulcer activity, Medicinal plants

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The early years of a child's life represent one of the most critical periods for building the foundation of lifelong growth. From physical milestones to emotional, cognitive, and social development, each stage is shaped by a combination of nurturing relationships, enriched environments, and timely interventions. In today's fast-paced and digitally connected world, traditional models of child development must evolve to address emerging challenges-ranging from digital overexposure and unequal access to education, to the mental health pressures increasingly faced by young children. This paper presents a comprehensive and collaborative framework for supporting child development, grounded in both established theory and modern research. By integrating insights from neuroscience, global developmental policies, and community-driven practices, we propose a model built around six core pillars of growth: physical wellness, emotional and mental health, cognitive learning, social and moral values, digital environmental awareness, and future-readiness. The study uses a mixed-methods research approach, combining quantitative surveys, qualitative interviews, and secondary data analysis from global institutions. Findings emphasize the role of caregivers, educators, digital tools, and community collaboration in shaping positive developmental outcomes. Ultimately, this research advocates for a more holistic, inclusive, and technology-enabled approach to child development-one that empowers families and communities to raise resilient, empathetic, and capable future generations.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Child Development, Early Childhood, Neuroscience of Growth, Six Pillars of Development, Digital Tools in Learning, Emotional and Cognitive Development, Social Equity, Parenting, Community Engagement, Mixed-Methods Research, Holistic Education, Future Readiness, Environmental Awareness, Child Mental Health, Collaborative Ecosystems.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

: In last few decades, the need for electricity is increased exponentially and directly effects upon the economy of countries. Developing countries are facing load shedding issues. The natural ways of producing electricity are decreasing day by day. There is need of natural resources to produce and fulfill the needs of electricity. Currently, the solar panels are widely used for producing electricity from sunlight. But the main hurdle in the implementation of solar panel is that they need to fit in open spaces where the light of sun directly falls on it. World moving towards automation and various sensors available to sense and automate the daily life processes. Piezoelectric sensors are special type of sensors that produce energy by pressure, force or load. Smart cities and societies are key components of automation and main area of research. Street lights are essential part of smart streets. We have proposed an IoT based scheme for street light automation that uses the electricity produced from piezoelectric sensors. It will bring redemption from traditional electricity needs that lead to minimizing the load shedding.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Smart pressure power generation

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Social media platforms have emerged as a vital source of customer input and public opinion in the current digital era. When trying to glean relevant data from the vast amount of unstructured comments on these sites, it may be quite difficult. Due to the inefficiency of traditional manual sentiment analysis techniques, more advanced methods are now required. Recent developments in Natural Language Processing (NLP), in particular the application of neural network architectures such as Gated Recurrent Units (GRU), Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), and Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT), have demonstrated significant promise in enhancing the precision and effectiveness of sentiment analysis. These models are perfect for large-scale comment analysis because they are very good at interpreting the mood, context, and subtleties of language used in social media comments. This study investigates the classification and analysis of social media comments using BERT, LSTM, and GRU, offering important insights into public opinion on a range of subjects. The results demonstrate how well these models capture trends, spot new problems, and support enterprises in making data-driven decisions. Additionally, by integrating these cutting-edge models, social media comments may be processed in real-time, empowering businesses to proactively address new trends or problems. The interpretability of intricate models and the scalability to manage very big datasets are still problems, though.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Machine learning, NLP, sentiment analysis, human language, BERT, LSTM, GRU.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Beam forming, MIMO, Analog Beam forming, Digital Beam forming, Hybrid Beamforming, Wireless Communication, MATLAB Simulation, Spectral Efficiency, Signal Processing

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Occipital triangle of neck: The occipital triangle is located in the superior part of the posterior cervical triangle. The anterior and posterior borders of this triangle are the same as those of the posterior cervical triangle, but the inferior border is the inferior belly of the omohyoid. Its floor consists of the levator scapulae, splenius capitis, and middle and posterior scalene muscles. The semispinalis capitis muscle is sometimes observed at the apex as well as occipital lymph nodes. The triangle is bounded by the superficial and deep layers of the deep cervical fascia The occipital triangle contains within its floor vertebral muscles enclosed by the prevertebral fascia. Within these muscles the cervical plexus forms. More superficially the trunks of the brachial plexus, the accessory nerve (cranial nerve XI) and the external jugular vein can be found. This article focuses on Occipital triangle of neck in human anatomy and its importance in anatomy.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Occipital triangle of neck, Anatomy.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Abstract Export policies have played a significant role in India's economic growth. Since the liberalization reforms in 1991, India's GDP growth rate has increased from around 3.5% to over 6%, with exports contributing more than 11% to the GDP. This growth can be attributed to free-trade policies, increased public spending, favorable taxation policies, growth in private investments, and financial sector reforms that boosted foreign direct investment (FDI). In recent years, India has set ambitious export targets, aiming to achieve $2 trillion inexports by 2030. This strategy focuses on leveraging India's demographic advantageboosting entrepreneurship, and enhancing technological growth. The government's calibrated trade policy aims to generate export-led economic growth and create jobs, which is crucial for India's economic development.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

1. Export policy 2. Foreign trade 3. Trade liberalization 4. Export promotion 5. Government incentives 6. Economic growth 7. Make in India 8. Export competitiveness 9. Policy framework 10. Trade infrastructure 11. Export diversification 12. FDI (Foreign Direct Investment) 13. Global market access 14. WTO compliance 15. Ease of doing business 16. Customs reforms 17. Logistics efficiency 18. Sectoral exports 19. Tariff and non-tariff barriers 20. Export finance

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The present study investigates the effect of Nadishodhana Pranayama (alternate nostril breathing) on cardiovascular and muscular endurance among male undergraduate students. A total of 25 participants practiced Nadishodhana Pranayama for 30 days, with sessions lasting 20 minutes daily. Cardiovascular endurance was assessed using the Harvard Step Test, while muscular endurance was measured using the Burpee Test. The results demonstrated a significant reduction in immediate and one-minute post-exercise pulse counts (p < 0.001), indicating improved heart rate recovery and autonomic control. Additionally, muscular endurance scores showed a statistically significant improvement (p < 0.001), suggesting enhanced oxygen utilization and reduced fatigue. These findings highlight the potential of Nadishodhana Pranayama as a non-exhaustive, time-efficient technique for improving endurance. The study reinforces the role of controlled breathing in enhancing physiological functions, making it a valuable addition to fitness training programs.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Keywords: Nadishodhana Pranayama, cardiovascular endurance, muscular endurance, Harvard Step Test, Burpee Test.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Traditional state-centric security paradigms have undergone major change, especially in the Middle East, as non-state actors have become more prominent in international affairs. Hezbollah, which was first established in the early 1980s as a resistance movement against Israeli occupation, has developed into a potent hybrid organization that functions in Lebanon as both a political force and a violent group. It has been able to expand its influence outside of Lebanon's boundaries and shape the geopolitical landscape of the region because to its strategic relationships, particularly with Iran and Syria. This paper examines Hezbollah's involvement in regional crises, and evaluates how Hezbollah has evolved from a regional resistance organization to a significant force in Middle Eastern geopolitics by closely examining its political tactics, military prowess, and ideological underpinnings. The analysis also takes into account Hezbollah's influence in asymmetric warfare tactics that oppose conventional military forces, its involvement in the larger Iran-Saudi rivalry, and its effect on internal politics in Lebanon. Through the integration of viewpoints from conflict studies, international relations theory, and regional geopolitics, this paper emphasizes Hezbollah's distinct status as a non-state actor with the ability to wield substantial political and military power. The ultimate goal of the research is to further the knowledge of how non-state actors, especially those with transnational linkages and military prowess, alter regional security frameworks and threaten state sovereignty in the modern Middle East. Hezbollah's complex role in influencing regional security dynamics is thoroughly examined in this paper. It contends that the distinction between state and non-state power is becoming increasingly hazy in Middle Eastern geopolitics due to Hezbollah's flexibility, ideological tenacity, and strategic partnerships. In order to evaluate future conflict trends, the regional power dynamics, and the likelihood of stability in a geopolitical context that is becoming more unstable, it is imperative to comprehend Hezbollah's trajectory.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Hezbollah, Lebanon, Hybrid Warfare, Proxy Warfare, Middle Eastern Geopolitics, Sectarianism, Asymmetric Warfare, Security Dilemma, Resistance Axis, Shia Crescent,

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition