Volume 13 | Issue 4 |

 Abstract

Abstract: The global community is currently grappling with the challenges of environmental degradation and pollution, primarily driven by the excessive exploitation of natural resources by humanity in pursuit of unplanned development through rapid scientific and industrial advancements. It is imperative that we now implement measures for environmental restoration alongside conservation efforts, facilitated by effective environmental education to ensure a sustainable future for society. India possesses significant potential to offer the essential environmental educational framework required globally, owing to its rich natural resources. The Indian education system is undergoing transformation through the introduction of the new National Education Policy, which aims to tackle prevalent environmental issues and their solutions from early childhood education through to postgraduate and research levels. This paper reviews the current status of environmental education, highlighting its key components and challenges, while also evaluating its alignment with the newly adopted education policy.

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Key words: New Education Policy, Environmental Science, Environmental Education, Future challenges.

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This prospective analysis investigates the impact of such work schedules on the stress levels and overall work-life quality of Tamil Nadu State Transport Corporation (TNSTC) employees, focusing on the Kumbakonam region. The transport plays a vital role in the development of our country. Its main objective is to connect the urban and rural areas. Most of the students and office goers are using the buses. India's passenger transport for small and medium distances is bus oriented and many other transport industries the safety of travelers and other road users is of prime importance. The main objective of this paper is identified and analysis the factors influencing job stress among the transport employees. A multiple linear regression model demonstrates that irregular work schedules significantly decrease the quality of work life among TNSTC employees. These findings emphasize the need for organizational strategies and support systems tailored to mitigate the stressors associated with different shifts, enhance employee well-being, and improve public transportation services in the Kumbakonam region.

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Shift work, irregular schedules, stress, work-life quality, employee well-being, public service, occupational health.

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The present study attempts to look into the Atmanirbhar Bharat Abhiyaan and Skill India Mission in the light of the Endogenous Growth Model and the New Growth Theory. I employ the Ordinary Least Squares (OLS)-based Auto Regressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) approach to estimate the determinants of economic growth of India in the long-run for the period 1960 to 2014. The choice of the study period is based on data availability and also on the fact that 2014 has been threshold year for India. A number of institutional reforms have been undertaken in the country since the year 2014. Human capital followed by physical capital and openness are found to be main determinants of growth for the period 1960-2014. The institutional variables are insignificant during the study period. Since 2014 there has been a shift in political regime which has ushered a new wave of institutional reforms. The study tries to justify the ongoing reforms undertaken to address the weak institutional quality observed in our period of study.

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Atmanirbhar Bharat Abhiyaan, Skill India Mission, Endogenous Growth, New Growth Theory, Time- Series Model

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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As an alternative to lipid-solid carriers (like liposomes), niosomes are vesicular nanocarriers that are stable, non-toxic, biodegradable, and reasonably priced. The instability, rapid disintegration, bioavailability, and solubility of some drugs or natural substances may be improved by niosomes. When it comes to the targeted administration of antibacterial, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer compounds, niosomes have the potential to be incredibly powerful systems. This essay will provide a summary of their makeup, the most popular methods for formulation, and their present application as delivery systems for cancer treatments.

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Niosomes, Drug delivery, Nanocarrier, Vesicles, Nano medicine.

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The bilateral relationship between India and Saudi Arabia has traditionally been rooted in energy interdependence, with crude oil dominating trade exchanges for decades. However, the landscape is rapidly evolving. Saudi Arabia's Vision 2030 seeks to transform the Kingdom into a diversified economy with thriving sectors such as tourism, renewable energy, and technology. Parallelly, India is emerging as a global economic power with growing energy needs and a burgeoning middle class, positioning itself as a strategic partner for Riyadh beyond hydrocarbons. This research explores the evolving contours of India-Saudi Arabia trade, analysing how both nations are transitioning from an oil-dependent trade framework to a multifaceted economic partnership. Drawing upon official trade data, government declarations, and academic literature, this paper examines the diversification strategies of both countries, key sectors for potential cooperation, and the role of institutional mechanisms in fostering sustainable trade relations. It highlights emerging sectors such as green hydrogen, fintech, infrastructure, pharmaceuticals, and defence collaboration as arenas of mutual growth. Additionally, the study identifies challenges like regulatory bottlenecks, geopolitical shifts, and economic uncertainties that may affect future trade trajectories. The paper concludes with policy recommendations aimed at enhancing economic synergy and mutual strategic interests. In an era defined by global decarbonization and economic realignment, the India-Saudi Arabia trade partnership is poised to move from oil to opportunities--offering a blueprint for diversified, resilient, and mutually beneficial bilateral relations.

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India-Saudi Arabia Trade, Diversification, Vision 2030, Energy Security, Economic Partnership, Renewable Energy, Bilateral Relations

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The Automatic Waste Segregation System aims to enhance waste management practices by efficiently sorting waste into three categories: wet waste, dry waste, and metallic waste. Utilizing advanced sensor technologies, this system leverages an LM393 IC moisture sensor to detect the moisture content in waste, effectively identifying wet organic materials such as food scraps. Additionally, an infrared (IR) sensor is employed to distinguish dry waste, including paper, plastics, and textiles, based on the reflective properties of the materials. To further enhance the sorting process, a metal detector is integrated to identify and segregate metallic waste, ensuring that recyclables are collected accurately. The automation of waste segregation not only reduces the manual labor involved in traditional waste sorting methods but also increases the accuracy and efficiency of the process. This system is designed to operate autonomously, with real-time monitoring and feedback mechanisms that allow for seamless integration into existing waste management infrastructures.

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Arduino Mega, IR Sensor, DC Motor, Rotary Indexer, Container, etc.

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This abstract describes how kidney stone detection has progressed significantly, evolving from traditional imaging techniques such as ultrasound, X-rays, and CT scans to modern, technology-driven methods. While conventional approaches remain valuable, they often suffer from limitations in accuracy, sensitivity, and reliance on operator expertise. Recent developments in artificial intelligence-- particularly machine learning, deep learning, and image processing--have revolutionized medical diagnostics by enabling faster, more accurate, and automated detection of kidney stones. Deep learning models, especially convolutional neural networks (CNNs), are capable of analyzing medical images with high precision, minimizing human error and reducing diagnosis time. This project explores the transition from traditional diagnostic methods to AI-powered techniques, emphasizing the enhanced ability of modern systems to accurately identify and localize kidney stones.

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Kidney stone detection, Deep learning, Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), Ultrasound image analysis.

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This paper explores the concept of AI Creativity, emphasizing the collaborative interaction between human intelligence and artificial intelligence within the creative domain. While the rapid advancement of AI technologies has sparked extensive debates concerning ethical issues, job displacement, and societal impacts, there remains a paucity of systematic research on how AI can be leveraged to enhance human creativity rather than supplant it. Drawing upon an analysis of over 1,600 application cases across more than 45 fields and supported by scholarly literature, this study advocates for a paradigm shift--from competing with AI to collaborating with it. AI serves as a substantial augmentation to human cognition, amalgamating collective human knowledge and facilitating collaborative creation across diverse temporal and spatial contexts.

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AI Creativity, Human-AI Co-Creation, Artificial Intelligence, Generative AI, Creative Collaboration.

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Knowledge sharing plays a crucial role in fostering academic excellence, innovation, and professional growth within higher educational institutions. Faculty members, as key contributors to knowledge creation and dissemination, are expected to engage in continuous knowledge-sharing activities. This study aims to identify and analyze the critical factors that influence knowledge-sharing behaviors among faculty members working in Arts and Science Colleges in Trichy. A structured questionnaire was administered, and data from 50 faculty members were analyzed using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to uncover underlying constructs that shape knowledge-sharing practices. The analysis revealed six significant components: Technological Adaptation, Collaborative Knowledge Sharing, Cognitive and Pedagogical Development, Career and Institutional Growth, Institutional Support & Policies, and Personal Motivation & Attitudes. The reliability of the instrument was confirmed with a Cronbach's Alpha value of 0.902, indicating a high level of internal consistency. The findings suggest that the effective use of digital tools, supportive institutional frameworks, and intrinsic motivation are vital in promoting knowledge sharing among faculty. However, disparities in engagement levels point to the need for targeted interventions and supportive strategies. The study provides practical insights for educational policymakers and institutional leaders to design programs and policies that foster a more collaborative and knowledge-driven academic environment. It also underscores the importance of aligning personal and institutional objectives to enhance faculty participation in knowledge-sharing activities.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Knowledge Sharing, Technological Adaptation, Institutional Support, Academic Development, Higher Education, Faculty Engagement.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition