Volume 13 | Issue 4 |

 Abstract

The automated generation of realistic images from text prompts remains a challenging yet significant goal. Current AI technologies still face difficulties in fully mastering this capability. Recent advancements have led to the development of adaptable and resilient recurrent neural network architectures that effectively capture meaningful textual feature embeddings. Additionally, convolutional-based GAN frameworks have achieved notable success in synthesizing photorealistic visuals for specific applications, including human face synthesis, music cover design, and interior layout simulations. This research proposes a hybrid neural architecture that integrates adversarial training methods to combine progress in textual understanding and image synthesis. This integration enables the transformation of semantic concepts into high-resolution imagery through cross-modal alignment. The proposed system demonstrates promising capabilities in generating plausible avian and floral imagery from text-rich descriptions.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

AI generation tool, machine learning algorithms, natural language processing, human-like text content, minimal human input.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Human trafficking, a grave violation of human rights, demands rigorous legal intervention to ensure justice for survivors and deter perpetrators. This article examines the intricate relationship between judicial outcomes and the narratives of human trafficking victims. It delves into the prosecution and conviction rates of trafficking cases, highlighting the existing gaps and challenges within the criminal justice system. Furthermore, it underscores the critical importance of incorporating the lived experiences of survivors into legal proceedings to foster a more victim-centered and ultimately more effective approach to combating human trafficking. By analyzing the disparities between legal outcomes and victim narratives, this research aims to contribute to a more nuanced understanding of the complexities inherent in addressing this heinous crime.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Keywords: human trafficking, judicial outcomes, prosecution rates, conviction rates, victim narratives, lived experiences, criminal justice system, victim-centered approach, anti-trafficking strategies, legal frameworks, justice for survivors, deterrence, gaps in legal outcomes, survivor perspectives, trauma-informed practices.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Women's safety is a critical concern in modern society, and leveraging machine learning (ML) technologies offers innovative solutions to enhance personal security. This paper explores the application of machine learning for real-time detection of dangerous or threatening situations, aimed at improving the safety of women. The proposed system integrates various techniques such as computer vision, audio analysis, wearable sensors, and natural language processing to detect potential risks, including physical assaults, verbal threats, and abnormal behavior. Machine learning models analyze real-time data, such as video feeds, audio signals, and motion patterns from wearable devices, to identify distress signals and trigger immediate alerts. In addition, geofencing and behavioral prediction models enable proactive monitoring of users' movements, sending notifications if dangerous situations are detected or if a user deviates from safe routines. While promising, the system faces challenges related to data privacy, accuracy, and real-time processing requirements. Despite these challenges, machine learning presents a transformative opportunity to enhance women's safety, offering efficient, scalable, and personalized protection through automated threat detection and immediate emergency response mechanisms.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Machine Learning, Artificial Intelligence, Natural Language Processing

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The intricate interplay between economic systems and judicial mechanisms has significantly shaped the dispensation of justice in India, reflecting the socio-economic and cultural evolution of the country. This research explores the historical progression of this dynamic relationship, from the community-centric practices of ancient India to the exploitative judicial policies of colonial rule, and the judiciary's pivotal role in post-independence economic reforms and liberalization. The study highlights how ancient texts like the Dharmashastras and Kautilya's Arthashastra enshrined principles of economic equity and legal fairness, promoting community trust through localized dispute resolution. The colonial era, however, disrupted these practices, prioritizing mercantile interests over indigenous rights. In post-independence India, the judiciary emerged as a custodian of socio-economic justice, balancing constitutional mandates with economic reforms. As globalization and digitalization reshape economic paradigms, the judiciary faces new challenges, such as regulating cryptocurrencies, addressing gig economy disputes, and safeguarding intellectual property in a globalized market. This paper underscores the judiciary's adaptability and its enduring commitment to justice and equity amidst economic transitions. The findings advocate for enhanced judicial capacity-building, adoption of technology-driven solutions, and strengthened alternative dispute resolution mechanisms to uphold justice in a rapidly evolving economic landscape.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Economy, judicial system, socio-economic justice

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Increasing population and density are making conventional garbage collection procedures inefficient. Overflowing public bins harm both people and nature. This paper presents a Smart Trash Manager System which solves these problems by using a centralized system integrated with IoT. It enables live monitoring of bin levels, their GPS location, and automated alerts before reaching capacity of bins. The developed system works with smart bins which have a Node MCU microcontroller. Smart bin uses ultrasonic sensors for filled level data, GPS module for geolocation and Twilio for SMS Alerts to respective worker. The alerts are also visible on system dashboard which is overviewed by Municipal officer, from the office. The Software Interface have multiple functional pages including but not limited to live bin statuses in an interactive map, worker data analytics, live bin monitoring list, attendance. The solution also considers municipal corporation workers and supervisors by providing a centralized system, thus streamlining the collection process, resulting in saving time and energy.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Internet of Things (IoT), Municipal solid waste, Smart Cities, Smart waste management, Sustainability

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The basic building blocks of proteins, amino acids, have dynamic conformational flexibility that has a big impact on biological structure and function with small molecules can modulate these conformations, leading to altered biochemical behavior with implications in drug design, enzymatic regulation, and molecular recognition. This review presents a comprehensive computational investigation into the conformational changes of amino acids induced by small molecule interactions. Utilizing molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, quantum mechanical (QM) calculations, and hybrid QM/MM approaches, we explore how non-covalent interactions--such as hydrogen bonding, ?-? stacking, and van der Waals forces--affect the torsional angles and side-chain orientations of amino acids in isolated and solvated environments. Emphasis is placed on the role of solvent effects, energy landscapes, and potential energy surface (PES) mapping in elucidating these conformational shifts. Case studies involving biologically relevant ligands demonstrate the diverse effects of small molecules on the structural plasticity of amino acids. By integrating data from recent computational studies, this review highlights emerging trends, methodological advancements, and key challenges in the field. The findings provide critical insights for rational drug design, peptide engineering, and understanding protein-ligand interactions at the molecular level.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Amino Acid Conformational Changes, Small Molecule Interaction Computational Chemistry, Molecular Dynamics Simulations, Quantum Mechanical Studies, Protein-Ligand Interactions, Conformational Flexibility, Non-Covalent Interactions, QM/MM Methods, Drug Design Insights, Structural Biology, Energy Landscape Analysis, Bioinformatics, Molecular Modeling, Theoretical Chemistry

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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This paper presents the development of a Smart Bus Attendance and Transportation Management System using RFID technology and Google Firebase that streamlines student transportation management in educational institutions. Traditional manual attendance systems are prone to errors and inefficiencies; our proposed solution offers real-time attendance logging, automated E-Pass generation, and centralized data access for students and administrators. Each student carries an RFID tag scanned at boarding and deboarding, with the data instantly stored and updated in Firebase. The integration of bar-code scanning enhances identity verification, while the dashboard allows route analysis, performance monitoring, and secure data retrieval. Designed with scalability and usability in mind, the system supports both mobile and web access, ensuring better communication, reduced administrative workload, and increased transport security. This solution represents a modern, cost-effective approach to automate student transportation, enabling data-driven decisions and improving overall operational efficiency.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

RFID Technology, Google Firebase, Real-Time Monitoring, ESP32 Micro-controller, Cloud-Based Attendance System.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Graphic novels have emerged as competent tools for documenting trauma and resistance, through unique ways of depicting marginalized histories. This paper simultaneously examines Art Spiegelman's novel Maus and Srividya Natarajan and S. Anand's Bhimayana as acts of resistance literature, exploring how they use visual storytelling to represent oppression, memory, and inherited trauma. Bhimayana uses the Tribal Pardhan Gond art form to highlight caste-based discrimination of the Untouchables in India. Whereas, Maus employs documentary-style realism to narrate the Holocaust's lasting impact on an individual. Through a comparative analysis of their artistic styles, this study argues that Maus and Bhimayana not only document historical injustices but also pose as counter-narratives that resist erasure and demand social awareness. By bridging trauma studies and visual culture, this paper contributes to the increasing discourse on marginalized voices in literature and the political significance of graphic storytelling.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Visual narratives, Trauma, Resistance, Memory, Oppression, Counter Narratives

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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This paper explores the evolving geopolitical and strategic dimensions of India-Nepal relations in the context of China's growing influence in South Asia. Rooted in deep historical, cultural, and geographical ties, India and Nepal have traditionally enjoyed close bilateral relations. However, the recent shift in Nepal's foreign policy orientation, marked by increased economic, diplomatic, and military engagement with China particularly through the Belt and Road Initiative which has introduced new complexities to this dynamic. The paper analyzes the historical foundations of India-Nepal ties, the strategic implications of China's expansive presence in Nepal, and the consequent geopolitical challenges India faces. It further examines Nepal's balancing act in leveraging both relationships to advance its national interests. Finally, the study discusses potential future scenarios, emphasizing the prospects for trilateral cooperation to mitigate regional tensions and foster sustainable development. Through a critical assessment of contemporary developments, the paper underscores the importance of recalibrating India's strategic approach to maintain its traditional influence while accommodating shifting regional dynamics.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), Neighbourhood First Policy, Trilateral Cooperation, Border Disputes, Development Diplomacy, Foreign Policy Balancing,Soft Power Influence

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Understanding and being aware of our learning processes is crucial for achieving academic success. It is of utmost importance to develop metacognitive skills that allow us to improve how we learn and think, leading to even better accomplishments in our educational journey. These incredible skills provide us with a deep level of understanding regarding what works best for us individually, enabling us to adapt more effectively to different tasks. By becoming masters of metacognition, we enhance our ability to manage our learning and make intelligent decisions about which strategies to employ while considering our unique goals and preferences. Furthermore, when we possess strong metacognitive skills, we elevate our critical thinking abilities and become incredibly discerning when evaluating the vast array of information that we encounter. With the power of metacognition, we can effectively tackle complex problems, leading to improved problem-solving abilities and fostering resilience and confidence within ourselves. Moreover, the cultivation of metacognitive skills extends its benefits far beyond the realm of academics, as these skills prove to be instrumental in lifelong learning. The ability to think introspectively and tailor our learning approaches to suit our strengths and weaknesses proves incredibly advantageous as we pursue higher education and actively engage in professional endeavors. In conclusion, developing metacognitive skills plays a crucial role in achieving academic success, while also preparing us to gracefully navigate the complexities of the modern world as individuals committed to lifelong learning.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Metacognition, metacognitive skill, academic performance, different learning environments, etc.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition