Volume 14 | Issue 3 |

 Abstract

An underestimated but quantifiable risk to human safety is introduced by the widespread use of infrared (IR) emitters in IoT ecosystems, including smart homes, industrial automation, and hospital settings. Though current IoT frameworks interpret IR emitters as permanently active, context-agnostic actuators, prolonged or unmanaged IR exposure accelerates device deterioration, produces cumulative thermal tissue stress, and induces increasing eye tiredness. The new autonomous safety orchestration framework Infra Shield-IoT, which integrates human-centric IR hazard governance directly into IoT device intelligence, is presented in this study. There are three suggested original contributions:(1) A multi-signal, real-time measurement model for cumulative infrared radiation at the device level is the IR Hazard Exposure Index (IHEI); (2) the Adaptive IR Emission Controller (AIREC), a cloud-free, four-mode autonomous emission management engine; and(3) the Proximity-Aware Safety Mesh (PASM), a peer-consensus sensing-based decentralised multi-device safety coordination framework. The experimental testing at smart factories and hospital wards and smart home test sites achieved a 78.4% reduction of total infrared radiation exposure together with 63.2% energy savings and 94.1% accuracy in human-proximity detection and 97.6% operational continuity during network failure situations. InfraShield-IoT transforms infrared emission into a safety standard which IoT systems must control dynamically in order to reach complete protection for human beings.

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 Keywords

Edge-Native Safety Orchestration, Proximity-Aware Safety Mesh, Human-Centric IoT Safety, IR Hazard Exposure Index, Adaptive IR Emission Control, InfraShield-IoT, Device Computability, Autonomous Duty Cycling, Smart Ecosystem Radiation Governance, and Occupational IR Mitigation.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Chronotherapeutic drug delivery systems (CDDS) are designed to synchronize drug release with the body's biological rhythms to optimize therapeutic outcomes. Numerous pathological conditions such as asthma, hypertension, rheumatoid arthritis, peptic ulcer disease, and cardiovascular disorders exhibit circadian variation in symptom severity. Conventional dosage forms fail to accommodate these temporal changes, often leading to suboptimal efficacy or increased adverse effects. CDDS aim to provide time-programmed, pulsatile, or site-specific drug release corresponding to disease rhythm. This review highlights the biological basis of chronotherapy, formulation strategies, advanced technologies, evaluation parameters, marketed products, and future research directions. The integration of chronobiology with modern pharmaceutical engineering offers promising opportunities for personalized medicine.

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 Keywords

Chronotherapy, Circadian rhythm, Pulsatile drug delivery, Lag time, Time-controlled release, Chrono pharmaceutics.

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 Abstract

Abstract Population distribution displays the spatial pattern of residential population in an area, while Density is a concentration of population per unit of an area. As distribution of population shows actual locational spread of population and population density expresses the ratio between number of people and land surface area. So in this paper Pali district has been selected as the study area for assessing the impacts of population distribution and population density at administrative macro and micro level units. Pali District's population distribution according to Census 2011, manifests uneven spatial and rural-urban population. This paper aimed to assess the impact of spatio-temporal pattern of population density on land use change. The conclusion of this study can facilitate planners to make appropriate area specific eco-tourism and extention of irrigation command plans for employment generation. Keywords : Population Distribution, Population density, irrigation, employment generation.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Population Distribution, Population density, irrigation, employment generation.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

West Bengal has a historically notable district of Murshidabad that provides a unique example of exploring sustainable tourism in a district having rich cultural background. The Murshidabad district was the seat of the administrative capital of Bengal, Bihar and Odisha in Mughal period. Other remarkable buildings which present architectural and cultural splendour in the area are Hazarduari Palace, Katra Mosque, Nashipur Rajbari and Jagat Seth Museum. Although it has a rich cultural heritage, Murshidabad is still afflicted by various problems including poor conservation, poor infrastructure, minimal community participation as well as degradation of the environment. Such constraints have curtailed the capacity of the district to use tourism as a sustainable development vehicle. Nonetheless, future hopes are high as evidenced by new policy actions, historic conservation projects, ecotourism and community-based ventures. The present research is a combination of the field-based research and national and international best practices that are used to analyze the potential and obstacles that influence sustainable tourism in Murshidabad. To enhance tourist attraction without compromising on the ecological balance and cultural authenticity, it encourages an inclusive and collaborative model that involves the entities of public and private nature and incorporation of local stakeholders. Besides providing policy suggestions that are aimed at strengthening the status of Murshidabad as an example of the heritage-based sustainable development, the results contribute to the broader topic of sustainable tourist governance.

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 Keywords

Sustainable Tourism, Heritage Conservation, Community Based Tourism, Environmental Management, Murshidabad District.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Withania somnifera (ashwagandha) is an Ayurvedic adaptogen increasingly studied for stress/anxiety reduction and potential neuroprotective effects. This review critically examines phytochemistry, mechanisms, clinical evidence in stress and anxiety, preclinical and clinical evidence relevant to neurodegenerative disorders, and safety signals. Methods: We searched PubMed/PMC, ClinicalTrials.gov and major journals for randomized clinical trials, systematic reviews, preclinical neuroprotection studies and safety reports up to 2025. Selected high-quality RCTs, systematic reviews and mechanistic papers were prioritized. Results: Multiple RCTs and meta-analyses report reductions in perceived stress/anxiety and cortisol with ashwagandha extracts (typical doses 225-600 mg/day) versus placebo; effect sizes vary and risk of bias exists in several trials. Preclinical studies show antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, modulation of HPA axis and direct neuronal effects of withanolides; some withanolides cross the blood-brain barrier and show benefit in animal models of Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease. Safety data is generally favorable in short trials, but recent case series and pharmacovigilance reports describe rare herb-associated liver injury and possible thyroid effects. Conclusions: Evidence supports ashwagandha's anxiolytic and stress-reducing potential; neuroprotective findings are promising but largely preclinical with limited human data. Larger, standardized, long-term clinical trials and rigorous pharmacovigilance are needed before recommending ashwagandha routinely for neurodegenerative disorders.

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 Keywords

Ashwagandha; Withania somnifera; Stress; Neurodegeneration; Withanolides; Neuroprotection; Anxiety; Cognitive impairment. ________________________________________

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The present study examines the level of career awareness among secondary school students and explores differences based on gender and school locale. Adopting a descriptive survey method, the study was conducted on a stratified random sample of 125 students drawn from seven blocks of Coochbehar District, West Bengal. The findings reveal that the majority of students possess an average level of career awareness, with only a small proportion demonstrating very high awareness. Statistical analysis indicates no significant difference in career awareness between male and female students. However, a significant difference was observed between rural and urban students, with urban students exhibiting higher levels of career awareness. The study highlights the need for targeted career guidance interventions, particularly in rural areas, to ensure equitable access to career-related information and opportunities.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Career Awareness, Secondary School Students

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Teachers in rural India face challenges like limited access to quality materials, heavy workloads, and language barriers. This paper presents Shiksha Sahaayak, an AI-powered Learning and Teaching Assistant designed to improve teaching in lowresource classrooms. The system has three modules: an Automatic Worksheet and Presentation Generator that creates curriculumbased materials using NLP and Large Language Models; a Multilingual Voice Assistant and Chatbot that offers real-time support in English, Hindi, and Marathi; and a Visual Attendance Tracker that uses computer vision and facial recognition for participation analysis. Built with Django, OpenCV, and HuggingFace APIs, the platform aims to lessen teacher workload, raise instructional quality, and promote inclusive education. This conceptual study highlights the design framework, the technologies used, and the expected impact, supporting future large-scale deployment in line with India's National Education Policy (NEP) 2020.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Artificial Intelligence, Rural Education, Multilingual Chatbot, Computer Vision, NLP, NEP 2020

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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This study takes into account the interaction between tribal identity and social mobility for the prominent tribal groups in Wayanad: the Paniya, Kurichya, Kuruma, Adiya, and Kattunaickan. Through a textual analysis of academic reports, official records, and ethnographic inventories, the analysis takes into account how education, economic change, and cultural adaptation affect mobility trends among these groups. The findings reveal dramatic contrasts: the Kurichya have achieved upward mobility through land ownership and education, while the Paniya and Adiya are marginalised by long-standing problems of illiteracy and poverty. Economic change from traditional forest livelihoods to wage labour and government schemes has dramatically improved tribal living standards, while cultural identity is increasingly shaped by mainstream social forces. The study explores the conflict between socioeconomic progress and cultural preservation, illustrating that some groups remain effective in integrating into modern society while others cannot maintain their distinctive heritage. These findings highlight the need for inclusive policy frameworks that promote tribal development without sacrificing cultural identity.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Social mobility, Tribal identity, Wayanad tribes, Paniya, Kurichya, Adiya, Kattunaickan, Educational access, Economic transitions,

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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: This paper presents CareNest, a role-based patient monitoring and management system developed to improve healthcare supervision through a secure and centralized digital platform. Conventional patient record management systems often rely on manual processes that lead to data redundancy, delayed communication, and limited accessibility. The proposed system introduces structured role-based access control to ensure that administrators, medical staff, and guardians can securely access and manage relevant information. CareNest enables medication monitoring, tablet history tracking, and restricted item management with real-time notification features to enhance transparency and communication. The system is implemented using modern web technologies and database management techniques to ensure scalability, data integrity, and operational efficiency. Experimental evaluation demonstrates improved accuracy, reduced manual errors, and faster information flow within healthcare environments. The proposed platform provides a reliable and scalable solution for institutions seeking efficient patient supervision and digital healthcare management.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Patient Monitoring, Role-Based Access Control, Healthcare Management System, Real-Time Notification, Web Application, Digital Healthcare.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The integration of digital tools into school has redefined teaching and learning with a notable impact on science education at the secondary level.The integration of digital media content into science instruction has emerged as a significant pedagogical innovation in contemporary education. The present study examines the impact of digital content based science learning on the scientific creativity of secondary level students. Using an experimental design with pre-test, post-test, and retention measures, the study compares the performance of students exposed to digital media content with those taught through conventional instructional methods. The investigation also sought to determine whether the integration of digital media content into classroom instruction influences students' scientific creativity and whether such influence differs across sex and SES. Measurable improvements were observed within the experimental group across testing phases. The findings indicate that digital media content contributes positively to the development and sustenance of scientific creativity by enhancing engagement, conceptual understanding, and creative scientific expression but has no impact across Sex and SES. The study emphasizes the educational value of structured digital interventions in science learning and highlights their role in promoting higher order thinking skills among adolescents.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Digital media content, Science Education, Scientific Creativity, Secondary school students, Experimental Study, Retention, Socio Economic Status (SES).

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition