Volume 14 | Issue 3 |

 Abstract

A book titled Naduppattu, written by Mahakavi Bharathiyar, was first published by Parali S. Nellaiappar in 1917. Although contemporary researchers are aware of this, no one has seen the publication till the date. The first edition (1917) of the book Naduppattu, which has not been seen by anyone until now, has now been made available. This article is described to that edition, which was rare to find. The first edition of Naduppattu (1917) is the primary data for this paper.

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Rare document discovered: First edition of Bharathiyar's Nattupattu

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Flood hazard management across Tamil Nadu demands broader spatial coverage, faster evidence fusion, plus dependable public messaging. This paper presents a statewide flood risk monitoring and early alert framework that scans reservoir status across Tamil Nadu, evaluates weather signals for any district, reviews multi-year satellite image archives from 2023-2026, and delivers decision support through multimodal agent reasoning. The implementation follows a Python pipeline that couples Twilio messaging, SerpApi web retrieval, Gemini agents, LangChain orchestration, and PIL-based image handling with dashboard-level analytics. A district request triggers weather acquisition, statewide reservoir scraping, district-level reservoir filtering, multi-year image retrieval, risk summarization, and message generation. High-risk cases trigger alert SMS delivery; low-risk cases trigger routine forecast messages that carry general weather status rather than alarm language. Figure-guided discussion highlights the transition from a narrow, partially manual flow toward a broader reservoir-linked architecture with archive-backed visual review. The resulting framework offers scalable monitoring, timely communication, and stronger operational value for local administrators, emergency teams, and residents across flood-prone districts of Tamil Nadu.

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Tamil Nadu; flood risk monitoring; reservoir scanning; satellite archive analytics; multimodal agents; Twilio alerts

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The proliferation of misinformation across social media platforms has necessitated the development of advanced automated detection systems capable of handling multimodal content. While early fake news detection approaches relied on handcrafted linguistic features and unimodal deep learning models, recent research has shifted toward multimodal transformer-based architectures that enable joint reasoning over textual and visual information. This survey provides a comprehensive review of fake news detection methods, with a particular emphasis on multimodal transformer frameworks developed recently. We present a structured taxonomy that categorizes detection approaches into traditional machine learning, deep neural text models, CNN-based multimodal systems, unimodal transformers, and state-of-the-art multimodal transformer architectures. The survey further examines the transition from binary classification to fine-grained misinformation detection, highlighting the importance of cross-modal alignment and semantic consistency modelling. Comparative analysis demonstrates that multimodal transformers consistently outperform earlier paradigms due to their cross-modal attention mechanisms and shared representation learning capabilities. In addition, we identify key research challenges, including dataset bias, annotation subjectivity, adversarial robustness, computational scalability, and explainability. Emerging directions such as multimodal large language models, causal reasoning frameworks, graph-enhanced architectures, and lightweight deployment strategies are discussed to outline future research opportunities. This survey synthesizes recent advances and provides a unified analytical framework and research roadmap for advancing multimodal transformer-based fake news detection toward robust, interpretable, and real-world deployment-ready systems.

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Multimodal Fake News Detection, Multimodal Transformers, Fine-Grained Classification, Vision-Language Models, Misinformation Analysis.

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ABSTRACT Background Artificial Intelligence (AI) has emerged as a transformative technology in modern healthcare, including dentistry. AI systems have demonstrated potential in assisting with diagnosis, radiographic interpretation, treatment planning, and prediction of treatment outcomes. However, the level of awareness, perception, and clinical exposure to AI among dental professionals remains variable. Aim The present study aimed to evaluate the knowledge, attitude, and practice related to Artificial Intelligence in dentistry among dental students and practitioners. Methods A cross-sectional questionnaire-based study was conducted among 112 dental students and practitioners. A structured and pre-validated questionnaire consisting of four sections--demographic data, knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding AI in dentistry--was distributed. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistical methods and presented as frequencies and percentages. Results Among the participants, 75% were female, while 18.75% were male. Undergraduate students constituted the largest proportion (46.5%), followed by interns (40%). A majority (85%) were aware that AI could be integrated with CBCT and OPG for automated radiographic interpretation. About 70% believed AI could assist in early detection of dental problems. Positive attitudes toward AI-based treatment simulations and outcome prediction were reported by more than half of the respondents. Regarding practice, 68.8% reported using AI-based tools in dental learning or clinical work, while 80.3% used AI tools for research activities. Conclusion The study findings indicate that dental students and practitioners possess moderate to good knowledge and a generally positive attitude toward Artificial Intelligence in dentistry. However, structured training and formal education regarding AI applications remain limited. Incorporating AI education into dental curricula may facilitate effective adoption of AI technologies in dental practice.

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Keywords Artificial Intelligence, Dentistry, Knowledge, Attitude, Practice, Dental Education

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Abstract: Marriage is an important social institution in Tripuri society. This paper examines the continuity and change in marriage rituals and the marital system. Some traditional practices are still followed, such as Wathop worship performed by the Ochai, the use of the Bedi with Chanduwa cloth, and the wearing of traditional attire like Rignai and Risa during the ceremony. In the past, marriages were mainly arranged by elders through a mediator known as Raibai. Old marriage customs like child marriage, apprenticeship of a bridegroom, marriage by capture, marriage by exchange, and marriage by purchase were very common. Now people do not follow most of these marriage customs. As time went on, factors like education became more widespread, and people moving to cities began to change how society thought about marriage. The influence of Bengali culture also played a role in shaping these perspectives. More and more people have started to convert to Christianity. Now love marriages have become more common and socially accepted. Some traditional rituals have been simplified, and Christian marriage ceremonies are now followed by a section of the community. Even with these changes, many old customs and indigenous practices are still maintained.

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Keywords: Tripuri Marriage, Socio-Cultural, Continuity, Change, Social Institution.

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The concept of nationalism in India developed significantly during the period of the anti-colonial struggle for independence. The Indian nationalist movement was essentially a movement aimed at achieving freedom from colonial rule. Any discussion of the Indian nationalist movement would remain incomplete without acknowledging the contributions of women. In the history of the national movement, women fulfilled their responsibilities both within the household and in the public sphere, demonstrating remarkable courage and determination. In a patriarchal society, it was not easy for women to stand alongside men and participate in the struggle as equal fighters. During that time, women's lives were largely confined to domestic responsibilities and child-rearing. However, despite these social constraints, many women overcame such barriers and actively joined the freedom struggle, participating in movements against British rule. Therefore, the participation of women in the freedom movement was in no way less significant than that of men. Prominent figures such as Mahatma Gandhi and Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay played an important role in encouraging women's participation in the freedom struggle. They emphasized the idea of the "ideal woman," who would act as the bearer and preserver of civilization. Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay, in his conceptualization of nationalism, compared the nation to the image of a mother, thereby symbolizing the country as a maternal figure. Women's participation can be observed in various nationalist movements in India, including the Partition of Bengal and the Swadeshi Movement. Women also played an important role in the revolutionary or extremist nationalist movements, and their active involvement was evident in several Gandhian movements as well. Later, in 1946, many women participated in peasant struggles such as the Tebhaga Movement and the Telangana Rebellion. Women's participation in these various nationalist movements added a new dimension to the struggle. Many women displayed extraordinary courage in India's national movement, and the sacrifices of these individuals played a crucial role in achieving independence. Among them were figures such as Rani Lakshmibai, Sarojini Naidu, Matangini Hazra, and Pritilata Waddedar. In addition to these well-known personalities, thousands of other women participated in the freedom struggle, and their contributions remain undeniable. Alongside their involvement in nationalist activities both inside and outside the home, many of these women also engaged in various social welfare and women's welfare initiatives. However, in most cases, their contributions remained largely unrecognized and hidden from mainstream historical narratives. By analyzing reform movements, literary nationalism, Gandhian mobilization, and agrarian struggles, the article argues that women's participation in nationalist movements significantly contributed to political transformation while simultaneously exposing the limitations of nationalist ideology in addressing gender equality.

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Nationalism, Women's Movement, Swadeshi Movement, Gandhian Movement, Tebhaga Movement, Telangana Movement.

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Background: Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurological condition associated with impaired balance, altered gait and decreased functional mobility. These problems increase the likelihood of falls and can negatively affect quality of life. Exercise-based physiotherapy programs emphasizing balance and strengthening are commonly used in rehabilitation practice; however, comparative evidence between different structured balance rehabilitation protocols remains limited. Aim: To compare the effectiveness of two structured balance rehabilitation protocols on dynamic balance and functional mobility in individuals with Parkinson's disease. Methods: Sixty individuals diagnosed with Parkinson's disease (Hoehn and Yahr stage I-II) aged 50 to 70 years participated in the study. Participants were randomly allocated into two groups (n=30 each). Group A received an Otago-based balance and strengthening program, while Group B received task-oriented functional balance training with progressive resistance exercises. Both groups underwent intervention for 40 minutes per session, three sessions per week for six weeks. Outcome measures included the Timed Up and Go Test (TUG) and Dynamic Gait Index (DGI). Statistical analysis was performed using paired and unpaired t-tests with significance set at p < 0.05. Results: Both intervention groups showed statistically significant improvements in TUG and DGI scores after six weeks of training. However, the Otago-based balance training group demonstrated greater improvements compared to the functional balance training group. Conclusion: Structured balance rehabilitation programs are effective in improving functional mobility and gait in individuals with Parkinson's disease. The Otago-based balance training program demonstrated superior outcomes and may be considered a preferred rehabilitation strategy.

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Parkinson's disease, balance training, functional mobility, gait, rehabilitation, exercise therapy.

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The Prajamandal Movement arose as a powerful weapon of popular resistance against the exploitative and authoritarian structure of feudatory rule in princely states of British India. In Nayagarh State of Odisha, the movement denoted a significant phase in the political awakening of the people against the arbitrary authority of the feudatory ruler and the repressive administrative system. This paper surveys the origin, growth, and nature of the Prajamandal Movement in Nayagarh, also highlighting the role of peasants, local leaders, and nationalist influences in mobilizing mass participation. It examines the socio-economic grievances arising by people against excessive taxation, forced labour, denial of civil liberties, and lack of representative governance that fuelled the movement. This paper to highlight the significant role of Thuabari village in the Prajamandal Movement of Nayagarh which still neglected in History of Orissa. The Prajamandal Movement thus stands as a crucial chapter in the people's struggle for political rights, social justice, and responsible governance in feudal Odisha.

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feudatory, leaders, Durbar, Tax, labour, movement, protest, struggle. Bethi, Rasad, Magana.

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Retail and e-commerce systems that recommend products and services are widely used but remain underutilized in bio-industrial workflows where specific details, timing, and contextual arrangement are important. This paper presents a hybrid recommendation framework, combining (i) a Transition-Based Model for sequential SKU prediction, (ii)FP-Growth for co-purchased item discovery, and Alternating Least Squares (ALS) for personalized, collaborative recommendations. The framework was evaluated across six anonymized sub workflows (A-F), demonstrating high precision, recall, and recommendation diversity. Outputs are optimized for enterprise-scale deployment using DeltaLake over AWSS3. Our Transition Based Model introduces domain- aware circular neighborhood logic--making it uniquely suitable for scientific workflows. The hybrid framework outperforms traditional approaches not only in accuracy but also in explainability and robustness, making it suitable for critical laboratory and industrial operations.

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Recommender Systems, PySpark, Transition Model, FP-Growth, ALS, SKU Prediction, Hybrid Systems, Delta Lake, Workflow Intelligence

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In today's fast-paced digital era, traditional paper-based notice boards are becoming obsolete due to their reliance on manual updates, higher maintenance costs, and limited reach. To address these inefficiencies, the Voice-Controlled Wireless Notice Board offers an advanced electronic communication system that replaces outdated methods with a real-time, hands-free solution. The system's core objective is to develop a digital display board that can be updated instantly via spoken commands, typically integrating an Android-based smartphone application as the transmitter and a microcontroller-driven display unit (such as an Arduino Uno or 8051 series) as the receiver. The user speaks a message into a mobile app, which uses speech recognition technology to convert the audio signal into a text string that is then transmitted wirelessly via Bluetooth (HC-05/HC-06) for local range or Wi-Fi (NodeMCU ESP8266) for long-range IoT-based updates. Once the microcontroller processes this incoming data, the message is rendered on an LCD or a large-scale P10 LED Matrix with professional scrolling effects. Index Terms - Electronic Notice Board, Voice Recognition, Android Application, Wireless Communication, Bluetooth (HC-05), Microcontroller (Arduino/ESP8266), LED Matrix (P10), Speech-to-Text (STT), Internet of Things (IoT), Real-time Data Transmission

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VOICE CONTROLLED WIRELESS NOTICE BOARD

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