Volume 9 | Issue 3 |

 Abstract

The study carried out to document the diversity of plants of the Urdhook hills, Kuttiady, Kozhikode district, Kerala. The present study reported 75 plant species belonging to 33families. A total of around 26 people was interviewed in more than one times in the age of 30-70 years and the data are collected from them. The medicinal plants are mainly used for diarrhoea, fever, cold, cough, snake bites, wound healing, diabetes, female disorders and asthma. Some plants such as Hamelia patens, Psidium guajava, Plectranthus amboinicus, Alternanthera sessilis, Lawsonia inermis, Clitoria ternatea, Adhatoda vasica, and Cyathillium cinereum are used to treat menstrual problems. Some plants are used local people to treat snake bites. The plants are used to treat snake bites such as Anacardium occidentale, Asystasia gangetica, Blepharis maderaspatensis, Cassia tora, Clitoria ternata, Leucas aspera, Urena lobata and Centrosema pubescens. Medicinal plants are documented along with their binomial name, local name, family and medicinal uses. Medicinal plants include herbs (41), shrubs (15), trees (9), climbers (8) and subshrubs (2). In the study leaves are mainly used for the preparation of medicines. Among the 75 plant species some plants are listed to the categories of Rare Endangered Threatened (RET). Conservation and knowledge of RET plants are helps for the sustainable development.

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 Keywords

Urdhook hills, Traditional healers, RET plants, Medicinal plants

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Citrus sinensis, which is commonly known as sweet orange, is a powerful natural antioxidant that intensify body immune system. It is also known to be the source of various phytochemicals. This present study was aimed for the preliminary phytochemical evaluation and antioxidant activity of C.sinensis pulp. Phytochemicals were analyzed both qualitatively and quantitatively. The qualitative analysis of C.sinensis revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, polyphenols and saponins. The quantitative analysis of phytochemicals in methanolic extract revealed that the presence of polyphenols (37.79) were maximum, followed by tannins (21.6), then flavonoid (9.6) and saponin (9.5). Polyphenols were dominant followed by tannins. Alkaloids were present in least amount. The antioxidant activity were assessed by DPPH radical scavenging assay. Six varying concentrations (0, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 ppm) of methanol solvent extract of orange demonstrated different percentage of inhibition. Appealingly the scavenging activity of extract increased in a concentration dependent manner. The 25 ppm extract showed the best antioxidant activity in DPPH that is 24.63 %.

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Citrus sinensis, preliminary phytochemical evaluation, antioxidant activity

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Abstract: Physical and chemical pollutants of drinking water harm public health and can have immediate health implications. The present study's data was used to assess groundwater quality in rural villages in the Korba district of Chhattisgarh, India. During 2019 and 2020, water samples were obtained from 10 selected random water samples to determine the basic physicochemical parameters. Physical parameters such as pH, electrical conductivity, and turbidity, as well as chemical parameters such as total dissolved solids, total alkalinity, total hardness, and concentrations of calcium, magnesium, sodium, potassium, chloride, fluoride, sulphates, chemical oxygen demand, biochemical oxygen demand, dissolved oxygen, iron, arsenic, lead and zinc, were calculated in situ. The physicochemical parameters of the water samples were determined using the APHA process. WQI implementation is needed for proper management of the present study area, and it would be a very useful tool for the public and policymakers to assess the water quality of rural areas in the Korba district's southeastern areas for long-term management.

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Keywords: Pollutants, WQI, APHA, Physicochemical parameters.

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Pharmaceutical researchers are always in quest of a better drug delivery system for the best performance in bioavailability, technological and process outputs. Decades of significant work has already developed several drug carriers for this purpose. Nanogel, considered as the next-generation delivery system, is currently at the forefront of research. It has been shown that nanogel is a suitable carrier for the delivery of a vaccine, hormones, and proteins. Due to the benefits over conventional dosage form. The present review is aimed to update the reader on nanogel properties, synthesis methods, evaluation tests, and applications. Nanogel has safer to be a better option to encapsulate hydrophilic as well as hydrophobic drugs to achieve a controlled or sustained release. The nanosize provides high penetration property as well as stimuli-responsive delivery, hence it is preferred for targeted drug delivery with minimum side effects in cancer therapy and CNS treatment. Nanogels are widely recognized as enticing drug delivery systems due to their high bioavailability and biodegradability.

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Nanogel, Hydrogel, Nano Carrier, Microgel, Drug Delivery System, skin penetration, targeted drug delivery.

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ground: This pilot study is carried out to see the effect of core stability training exercise on improving trunk endurance in healthy young adults. Studies demonstrated that healthy college going students had significantly lower trunk endurance test. Thus, strategies should include that emphasize trunk endurance and thus the effect of core stability exercise on trunk endurance should be measured. The core act in the course of the (nature’s back belt) thoracolumbar fascia. The ability of the torso muscles to maintain appropriate levels of activation over long periods of time may be more important than maximum strength in terms of protecting the passive structures of the lumbo sacral spine from injury. Methodology: 10 healthy subjects with age between 18 to 35 years were taken in this study. Inform and written consent was taken from the subjects. Trunk Endurance Tests are measured before the starting of the treatment and after the 4 weeks of core stability training. All subjects received core stability exercise training for 6 times a week for 4 weeks. Result: Result shows significant improvement in the Trunk Flexors Endurance, Trunk Extensors Endurance, Trunk Right Lateral Flexors Endurance and Trunk Left Lateral Flexors Endurance. Conclusion: Core stability exercises are effective to improve trunk endurance in healthy young adults.

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Core stability, Trunk endurance, Healthy young adults

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Due to the depleting nature of the present energy sources as well as the increased pollution Renewable energy sources are increasingly used in many applications, solar energy is the best alternative to the conventional energy sources. This paper deals with the event of an easy, Profit making, useful, reliable and fuel efficient water pumping system, a DC-DC converter fed to the brushless DC motor (BLDC drive) using the BLDC controller and Arduino which is energized by a photovoltaic array. The behavior of the proposed system is evaluated through a MATLAB/Simulink based simulation study.

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Solar Photovoltaic (SPV), MPPT, Converter, Arduino, BLDC Motor.

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The purpose of writing this review on sustained release matrix type drug delivery systems as novel drug delivery system is to compile the recent literature with special focus on maintain the desired concentration at the site with specificity. Oral sustained release products provide advantage over conventional dosages forms by optimizing bio-pharmaceutics ,pharmacokinetics properties of drug in such way that it reduced dose frequency to an extent that once daily doses sufficient for penetration, polymer swelling, drug dissolution ,drug diffusion and matrix erosion sustained release matrix tablet is formulated mainly by wet granulation or direct compression or by dispersion of solid particles within a porous matrix formed by using polymer like polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA),polyglycoilic acid ,HPMC can be used in sustained release and thus formed core excipient of the formulation.sustainrd release is also provided promising way to decrease side effect of drug by preventing the fluctuation of the therapeutic concentration of drug in the body. This review article describe the basic information regarding sustained release formulation ,its advantage ,disadvantage, selection of drug for sustained release formulation ,mechanism of release, different type, and factor involved in oral sustained release dosages form design.

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matrix system, controlled drug release, polymers

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Staphylococcus caprae, reported as human pathogen was first described to be present in goat milk in 1983.The current study was undertaken to determine the presence of S. caprae in goat milk procured from different regions of Surat city located in South Gujarat. Five samples of goat milk were obtained from different dairies of Surat. Isolated bacterial strains were characterized on basis of colony morphology, gram reaction and motility. The gram positive, non-motile, cocci isolates were further tested for catalase and oxidase production. A total of 05 isolates found to be catalase-positive and oxidase-negative were provisionally identified as Staphylococcus caprae. Molecular identification using 16S rRNA sequence was carried out. The sequence was used to carry out BLAST with the database of NCBI GenBank. Based on maximum identity score first fifteen sequences were selected and aligned using multiple sequence alignment software programs. The strain was found to be Staphylococcus caprae based on nucleotide homology analysis.

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Staphylococcus caprae, catalase, oxidase, 16S rRNA

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HSKDK

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 Abstract

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Shirui lily, Shirui festival, environmental conservation, tourism, sustainable development.

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