Volume 14 | Issue 3 |

 Abstract

LPG is a crucial cooking fuel for households across India. Increasing demand, import dependence, and supply chain challenges sometimes create risks of shortages. This research paper analyses LPG consumption trends, infrastructure challenges, and policy developments in India and proposes practical solutions such as diversification of cooking energy, strengthening domestic production, expansion of piped natural gas networks, and development of strategic reserves.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

: LPG, Demand, Challenges, possibilities, Consumption, Solutions

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

This paper intends to study collective ecological survival qualities in woman, described in selected short stories of Mahasweta Devi. It will examine how narratives and representation often limit women connection with ecology, neglecting their inborn natural qualities to collective survival, very much alike plant and animal species. Analyzing stories, Breast Giver, Rudali, Harun Salemer Masi, and The Hunt, It will investigate how breast giver, mourner, and adaptation of other's child reflects nature's quality of collective survival that patriarchal society does not recognize. These survival processes are being treated as threat by society and forcefully rejected in the name of modernism and development. By applying Vandana Shiva's theory this paper will analyze these selective short stories as collective ecological survival.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Keywords: Mahasweta Devi, Collective survival, Woman and Ecology, Vandana Shiva, Patriarchy.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The political institutions of the Vedic period provide valuable insight into the early evolution of governance, collective decision-making, and social organization in the Indian subcontinent. Vedic literature particularly the hymns of the Rigveda contains references to assemblies such as the Sabha, Samiti, and Vidath, which functioned as important forums for consultation, deliberation, and communal participation.These institutions demonstrate that political authority in early Indo-Aryan society was not exercised solely by the ruler but was moderated through collective discussion and institutional guidance. The Samiti appears to have represented the broader tribal community and provided a space for public deliberation on issues related to leadership, warfare, and communal welfare, while the Sabha functioned as a smaller council of elders responsible for advisory consultation, dispute resolution, and maintaining social order. The Vidath, on the other hand, combined ritual, intellectual, and social functions and contributed to shaping the ethical and cultural foundations of governance within Vedic society.When examined together, these assemblies reveal an interconnected institutional framework in which political authority was influenced by consultation, collective participation, and moral oversight. Such arrangements suggest that early Indian political traditions incorporated elements of participatory governance and deliberative decisionmaking within a tribal socio-political environment. This study analyzes the structure, functions, and interrelationship of these institutions to understand how they collectively contributed to governance in the Vedic period. It further explores the conceptual parallels between these ancient assemblies and certain features of modern governance, such as legislative deliberation, judicial consultation, and intellectual advisory mechanisms. Although Vedic institutions operated within a context shaped by kinship relations and customary traditions, their emphasis on consultation, consensus, and ethical responsibility reveals important intellectual foundations of Indian political thought.1 By situating the Sabha, Samiti, and Vidath within the broader trajectory of governance traditions in South Asia, the study highlights their significance for understanding the historical roots of participatory political culture in the region. The analysis demonstrates that the principles underlying these institutions collective deliberation, accountability of leadership, and the integration of ethical norms in governance continue to hold enduring relevance for contemporary discussions on democratic participation and institutional responsibility.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Vedic Political Institutions, Sabha, Samiti, Vidath, Vedic Governance, Governance in Vedic Society

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The rapid growth of digital payment technologies has significantly transformed the financial transaction system in modern economies. Digital payment methods such as Unified Payments Interface (UPI), mobile wallets, debit and credit cards, and internet banking have reduced the dependence on physical cash and improved the speed, convenience, and accessibility of financial transactions. While these systems provide numerous advantages, their influence on consumer spending behavior and the perceived value of money has become an important area of study. The shift from tangible cash transactions to intangible digital payments may reduce the psychological awareness associated with spending, often referred to as the "pain of paying," which may influence individuals' financial discipline. The primary objective of this study is to examine the level of digital payment usage among adults and analyze its impact on spending behavior and the perceived value of money. The study adopts a descriptive research design and follows a quantitative research approach. Primary data were collected from 150 adult respondents using a structured questionnaire. A non-probability convenience sampling method was used for selecting the respondents. The collected data were analyzed using statistical tools such as frequency analysis, percentage analysis, measures of central tendency, and the Chi-square test. The findings of the study indicate that a majority of respondents frequently use digital payment methods for their daily transactions. The results suggest that the convenience and speed of digital payments encourage frequent purchases and may increase spending tendencies. The study also reveals that digital transactions can reduce the perceived value of money compared to physical cash. Overall, the research highlights the need for financial awareness and responsible spending practices in an increasingly digital payment environment.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Digital Payment, Spending Behavior, Perceived Value of Money, Consumer Behavior, Financial Transactions, UPI, Mobile Wallets, Cashless Economy, Financial Discipline, Digital Payment Adoption.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

This research focuses on the effects that Human Resources Planning (HRP) has on achieving organizational objectives. It discusses how strategic HRP integrates the capabilities of the workforce with business goals and responds to fluctuating market requirements. The study summarizes the development of HRP theories and models, outlining the strategic significance of an effective alignment between HR strategies and business demands. It outlines different HRP models including Contingency Model and Resource-Based View, emphasizing their contribution towards improving organizational performance. Using a secondary data analysis method, the study relies on available datasets and SPSS for quantitative data analysis. It evaluates such variables as Employee Turnover Rate, Training Hours, Employee Satisfaction Score, HR Investment and Organizational Performance Score in various organizations. The results show that there are quite high differences in HRP metrics between different organizations hence the need for tailor-made HR strategies. Poor relationships between these variables and organizational performance suggest that the direct effect of HRP elements is complicated, and not always straightforward.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Keywords: Human Resource Planning, Organizational Goals, Workforce Planning, Employee Performance, Strategic HRM, Organizational Effectiveness, Manpower Planning, Employee Productivity, Talent Management, Organizational Performance.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Acne vulgaris, known in Unani medicine as Buth?r Laban?yya, is a common chronic inflammatory disorder of the pilosebaceous unit that mainly affects adolescents and young adults. It is characterized by the presence of comedones, papules, pustules, nodules and cystic lesions that commonly appear on the face, chest and back. Classical Unani literature describes Buth?r Laban?yya as small whitish eruptions resembling drops of milk caused by the accumulation of thick morbid material within the sebaceous glands. According to Unani concepts, the disease develops due to humoral imbalance, particularly excessive heat and the movement of morbid matter toward the skin.Various etiological factors such as improper diet, digestive disturbances, hormonal changes and environmental influences have also been described by Unani physicians. The management of Buth?r Laban?yya in Unani medicine focuses on correction of humoral imbalance, purification of blood and evacuation of morbid matter from the body. Different therapeutic approaches including Il?j bi'l Tadbeer, Il?j bi'l Daw? and Il?j bi'l Ghidh? are recommended for its management. Several medicinal plants possessing anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial and blood-purifying properties are widely used in Unani therapeutics. This review highlights the Unani concept, etiopathogenesis and therapeutic approaches for the management of acne vulgaris.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Laban?yya, Acne vulgaris, Unani medicine, Unani therapeutics

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) is a major adjustable risk factor linked to Hypertension, which is the primary cause of death globally. Although antihypertensive medications are available, blood pressure management remains inadequate in many demographics. This review examines the significance of dietary methods and nutraceuticals in hypertension management, highlighting their potential as complementary treatments. Nutritional strategies include reducing sodium intake, and increasing magnesium, vitamin C, calcium, garlic, L-arginine, omega-3 fatty acids, and beetroot consumption, among others. These elements function through various mechanisms, such as improving endothelial function, diminishing oxidative stress, and regulating vascular tone.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Hypertension, Inflammation, Nutraceuticals, Antioxidents, Diet.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The Homoeopathic Repertory is serving as a vital tool for the selection of Remedy by systematically organizing and indexing symptoms of the homoeopathic materia medica. This theoretical research explores the historical evolution, Chronological Development, epistemological foundations, and philosophical reasoning behind the classification of Rubrics and selection of remedy in the homeopathic system of medicine. This study deeply scrutinizes the evolution in the structure of Repertory, from early repertories by Dr. Hahnemann, Dr. Boenninghausen, Dr. Boger, and Dr. Kent to modern Repertory Software such as Radar Opus and HOMPATH. This study examines the theoretical challenges ingrained in the formation of rubric, Symptom standardization, and the individuality of clinical data interpretation during Case taking or Drug Proving. Finally, this study proposes a theoretical model intended to enhance the rubric classification and remedy selection, integrating evidence-based data, stochastic approaches, and an algorithmic decision support system with the help of AI to reconcile the homoeopathic practice with scientific rigor without interrupting the concept of individualization in homoeopathy.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Homoeopathic Repertory, Rubric classification, individualization.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Test-taking strategies are essential for academic success, particularly in high school where students face increased academic pressure and diverse assessment formats. This article explores the role of the Test-Taking Strategy Scale (TTSS) in assessing students' strategic behaviors before, during, and after tests. By understanding these strategies, educators can design interventions to improve performance and reduce test anxiety. A sample of 30 students (age range 13-15years) participated in the assessment. Raw scores were calculated, and descriptive statistics such as mean and standard deviation were derived. Results revealed that female students demonstrated higher scores in Item analysis, after test, distractor selectin criteria. The study concludes that although students exhibit equal time management skills, improvements are needed in planning and test taking strategies and awareness programs and skill- building interventions are discussed.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Test-taking strategies are essential for academic success, particularly in high school where students face increased academic pressure and diverse assessment formats. This article explores the role of the Test-Taking Strategy Scale (TTSS) in assessing students' strategic behaviors before, during, and after tests. By understanding these strategies, educators can design interventions to improve performance and reduce test anxiety. A sample of 30 students (age range 13-15years) participated in

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Modern recruitment systems require efficient screening and evaluation to handle large volumes of applications. This study presents a Recruitment Automation System that automates the hiring process through intelligent resume analysis. Candidates upload resumes via a web portal, where AI and NLP extract key details such as skills, qualifications and experience. The system compares this data with job descriptions and generates an ATS score to measure candidate suitability. Eligible applicants proceed to role-based assessments, while HR can monitor results through a centralized dashboard. Automated interview scheduling via Google Meet and email notifications further streamline the process, ensuring a faster, accurate and transparent recruitment workflow.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Recruitment automation, resume screening, Artificial Intelligence (AI), Natural Language Processing (NLP), Applicant Tracking System (ATS), resume parsing, job matching, automated interview scheduling, Google Meet integration, HR dashboard, email notifications, data privacy, secure authentication.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition