Volume 14 | Issue 3 |

 Abstract

Abstract Scientific Management Theory, propounded by Frederick Winslow Taylor in the early twentieth century, represents one of the foundational approaches in the development of modern management thought. The theory emphasizes systematic observation, scientific analysis of work processes, task specialization, time efficiency, and performance-based management as key tools for enhancing organizational productivity. Although originally formulated for industrial settings, its principles have significantly influenced administrative structures across both private and public sectors. In the contemporary era, public sector institutions operate within a complex environment characterized by resource limitations, administrative bottlenecks, increasing public expectations, and heightened demands for transparency and accountability. These evolving governance challenges necessitate a reassessment of classical management principles to determine their continued relevance. This study adopts a qualitative and analytical methodology based on an extensive review of classical texts in management theory and contemporary scholarly interpretations. It critically examines the applicability of core principles of Scientific Management such as standardization, division of labor, scientific recruitment and training, and performance evaluation in modern public administration. The study further explores the integration of these principles within contemporary governance reforms, including e-governance initiatives, performance management systems, and outcome-oriented administrative frameworks. The analysis indicates that although certain mechanistic aspects of classical scientific management have been critiqued for overlooking human factors, its core emphasis on efficiency, rational planning, and systematic organization remains highly relevant. When harmonized with modern approaches that prioritize human relations, participatory governance, and technological innovation, Scientific Management Theory contributes meaningfully to enhancing institutional effectiveness. The study concludes that the contemporary relevance of Scientific Management lies not in its literal application but in its contextual adaptation to modern administrative realities, thereby supporting improved productivity, accountability, and public service delivery.

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 Keywords

Keywords: Scientific Management, Public Administration, Administrative Efficiency, Performance Management, Good Governance, E-Governance

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The National Education Policy (NEP) 2020 presents a vision of inclusive, learner-centred education, emphasizing multilingualism and foundational literacy. Yet its stance on English language education reveals a deep ideological split. While English remains indispensable for global mobility, higher education, and employability, NEP 2020 simultaneously promotes mother tongue instruction and flexible language pathways without resolving the structural inequities that limit English access for marginalized learners. This paper critiques NEP 2020's ambiguous language policy, arguing that it perpetuates linguistic elitism under the guise of equity and flexibility. Drawing on historical policy documents, sociolinguistic realities, and classroom practices, the paper calls for a coherent, justice-oriented approach to English education in India. It highlights contradictions in digitalization rhetoric, pedagogical support, and learner guidance, and proposes structural reforms to democratize English proficiency while preserving linguistic diversity. The analysis contributes to global conversations on language, equity, and educational policy in digitally mediated contexts. It situates NEP 2020 within India's multilingual heritage and global education debates, showing how unresolved contradictions in English policy mirror wider tensions in postcolonial societies.

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 Keywords

NEP 2020, English education, language policy, linguistic justice, digital divide, India, multilingualism, educational equity

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The rapid expansion of digital communication technologies has transformed the social interactions and communication patterns of young individuals. Social media platforms have become an integral component of daily life among adolescents and young adults. While these platforms provide opportunities for communication, information sharing, and social connectivity, excessive or maladaptive use has been associated with psychological distress and mental health concerns. The present study explores the relationship between social media usage and youth mental health and examines the implications for psychiatric social work practice. A descriptive research design was adopted, and data were collected from 120 respondents aged 18-25 years using a structured questionnaire. Descriptive statistical techniques including frequency distribution and percentage analysis were used to analyze the data. The findings indicate that prolonged engagement with social media platforms is associated with increased levels of social comparison, anxiety, and emotional distress among youth. However, social media also facilitates communication and social support networks. The study highlights the need for digital literacy education and psychosocial interventions aimed at promoting responsible digital behavior among youth. The findings have important implications for psychiatric social workers involved in youth mental health promotion and behavioural addiction prevention.

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 Keywords

social media, youth mental health, behavioural addiction, psychiatric social work, digital wellbeing

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Forest ecosystems constitute critical reservoirs of biodiversity, regulate global climate, sustain livelihoods, and deliver indispensable ecosystem services. However, increasing anthropogenic pressures such as deforestation, land conversion, illegal logging, and climate change threaten global forest cover. Administrative pursuits -- including policy frameworks, institutional governance, enforcement mechanisms, participatory governance, and interagency coordination -- are essential for effective forest conservation. This paper examines the scope, strategies, and impacts of administrative efforts in forest preservation and sustainable management. It analyzes how governance structures, legal frameworks, enforcement institutions, community involvement, capacity building, monitoring technologies, and international cooperation influence conservation outcomes. The paper also explores challenges and proposes recommendations for strengthening administrative approaches. Ultimately, robust, transparent, and adaptive administration emerges as a linchpin in responding to forest degradation and securing ecological and socio-economic benefits for present and future generations.

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 Keywords

Forest conservation, Environmental governance,Administrative pursuit,Sustainable forest management, Policy and enforcement

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Abstract: Child abuse is not a legal issue or mental health issue, and it remains both, and the inability to approach it as a legal issue has long diminished the quality of efforts raised by both legal institutions and mental health facilities. The paper will attempt to do a socio-legal analysis of child abuse in Indian context looking at both the structural conditions that facilitate the abuse, legislative and judicial processes that are supposed to play a factor in curbing the vice and the psychological impacts that follow legal proceedings and in current form actually serve to intensify abuse. The paper uses the juvenile justice act, 2015 as a reference material to demonstrate that the greatest gap in the current management of this issue is not a legislative gap, but the systemic lack of psychologically informed practice within the legal establishment as reflected in the statutes, including the Protection of Children from Sexual Offences Act, 2012, the Juvenile Justice Act, 2015 as well as the applicable provisions of the Constitution of India. It argues that effective child protection cannot be ensured just by having proper laws but by having a justice system that appreciates the impact of abuse on a child - and structures itself to respond.

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child abuse, socio-legal analysis, POCSO Act, trauma, psychological outcomes, criminal justice, India

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This descriptive study analyzes declining youth employment trend in the Indian companies and its implications for workforce age structure, outcomes of innovation and technological adaptations. Using secondary data from Periodic Labour Force Survey (PLFS), Deloitte reports, data from the WIPO, and Department of Science and Technology (DST) and global benchmarks spanning 2017 through 2025, the study finds a trend of sustained contraction of entry-level hiring and a slowdown in the ageing of corporate workforces. Campus recruitment budgets shrank by around 33% in 2023-24, whereas the average age of the workforce stood at 39 years old while the number of youths in it now stands at 26%. These trends are accompanied by steep youth unemployment rates of the order of magnitude 10.2-14.9% despite gains in aggregate labour force participation. Although indicators of India's innovation status are improving - in 2023, R&D expenditure of India touched at 1.27 lakh crore, while patent filings have increased by 15.7% - per-firm innovation outcome is still far below global levels. Comparative analysis shows that firms with a high proportion of youth forces enjoy 20-25% better performances for patents and quicker adoption of new technologies indicating the importance of young professionals for digital agility and exploring new technologies. The situation is further complicated by the HDI of migrants is 29.5 vs 25.4 for women for 2020-2025 along with the migration of 1.5-2 million skilled youth in the same period curbing the domestic innovation capacity. The findings are in consonance with the international literature on the dynamics of age-innovation and strengthen concerns of jobless growth in India. The study concludes revitalizing structured youth employment towards targeted hiring and youth qualification through job quotas, mentorship models, R&D incentives and diaspora engagement as a key in sustenance to India's long-term innovation competition. Future research needs to use firm-level longitudinal data to establish causal relationships between age composition of the workforce and innovation performance.

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 Keywords

Youth employment, age of workforce, innovation, India, migration, Research & Development.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The New Education Policy (NEP) 2020 seeks to transform India's education system by promoting holistic development, multidisciplinary learning, flexibility, and learner-centric pedagogy. Despite its progressive vision, the effective implementation of the policy faces several pedagogical challenges. These challenges include gaps in teacher training and capacity building, the need for comprehensive curriculum restructuring, the persistence of the digital divide, complexities involved in assessment reforms, language-related issues in multilingual education, and infrastructural constraints across educational institutions. This paper examines these key pedagogical challenges in the context of NEP 2020 and discusses the measures required to address them. It emphasizes that systematic teacher training, inclusive digital access, curriculum reforms aligned with classroom realities, and adequate infrastructural support are essential for translating the objectives of NEP 2020 into effective educational practice.

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New Education Policy 2020; Pedagogical Challenges; Teacher Training; Curriculum Reform; Digital Divide; Assessment Reforms;Educational Infrastructure.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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LPG is a crucial cooking fuel for households across India. Increasing demand, import dependence, and supply chain challenges sometimes create risks of shortages. This research paper analyses LPG consumption trends, infrastructure challenges, and policy developments in India and proposes practical solutions such as diversification of cooking energy, strengthening domestic production, expansion of piped natural gas networks, and development of strategic reserves.

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: LPG, Demand, Challenges, possibilities, Consumption, Solutions

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This paper intends to study collective ecological survival qualities in woman, described in selected short stories of Mahasweta Devi. It will examine how narratives and representation often limit women connection with ecology, neglecting their inborn natural qualities to collective survival, very much alike plant and animal species. Analyzing stories, Breast Giver, Rudali, Harun Salemer Masi, and The Hunt, It will investigate how breast giver, mourner, and adaptation of other's child reflects nature's quality of collective survival that patriarchal society does not recognize. These survival processes are being treated as threat by society and forcefully rejected in the name of modernism and development. By applying Vandana Shiva's theory this paper will analyze these selective short stories as collective ecological survival.

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Keywords: Mahasweta Devi, Collective survival, Woman and Ecology, Vandana Shiva, Patriarchy.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The political institutions of the Vedic period provide valuable insight into the early evolution of governance, collective decision-making, and social organization in the Indian subcontinent. Vedic literature particularly the hymns of the Rigveda contains references to assemblies such as the Sabha, Samiti, and Vidath, which functioned as important forums for consultation, deliberation, and communal participation.These institutions demonstrate that political authority in early Indo-Aryan society was not exercised solely by the ruler but was moderated through collective discussion and institutional guidance. The Samiti appears to have represented the broader tribal community and provided a space for public deliberation on issues related to leadership, warfare, and communal welfare, while the Sabha functioned as a smaller council of elders responsible for advisory consultation, dispute resolution, and maintaining social order. The Vidath, on the other hand, combined ritual, intellectual, and social functions and contributed to shaping the ethical and cultural foundations of governance within Vedic society.When examined together, these assemblies reveal an interconnected institutional framework in which political authority was influenced by consultation, collective participation, and moral oversight. Such arrangements suggest that early Indian political traditions incorporated elements of participatory governance and deliberative decisionmaking within a tribal socio-political environment. This study analyzes the structure, functions, and interrelationship of these institutions to understand how they collectively contributed to governance in the Vedic period. It further explores the conceptual parallels between these ancient assemblies and certain features of modern governance, such as legislative deliberation, judicial consultation, and intellectual advisory mechanisms. Although Vedic institutions operated within a context shaped by kinship relations and customary traditions, their emphasis on consultation, consensus, and ethical responsibility reveals important intellectual foundations of Indian political thought.1 By situating the Sabha, Samiti, and Vidath within the broader trajectory of governance traditions in South Asia, the study highlights their significance for understanding the historical roots of participatory political culture in the region. The analysis demonstrates that the principles underlying these institutions collective deliberation, accountability of leadership, and the integration of ethical norms in governance continue to hold enduring relevance for contemporary discussions on democratic participation and institutional responsibility.

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 Keywords

Vedic Political Institutions, Sabha, Samiti, Vidath, Vedic Governance, Governance in Vedic Society

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