Volume 14 | Issue 3 |

 Abstract

premchand ki kahaniyo ki prasangikta

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premchand ki kahaniyo ki prasangikta

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Nitrosamine impurities have emerged as a significant safety concern in the pharmaceutical industry due to their potential mutagenic and carcinogenic properties. These compounds belong to the class of N-nitroso derivatives that may form during various stages of pharmaceutical manufacturing, including active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) synthesis, formulation, and storage. The detection of nitrosamine impurities such as N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) and N-nitrosodiethylamine (NDEA) in several medicinal products has prompted extensive regulatory scrutiny and product recalls worldwide. Nitrosamines can originate from multiple sources, including contaminated raw materials, degradation reactions, solvent impurities, and interactions between drug substances and excipients. To ensure patient safety, regulatory authorities such as the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), the European Medicines Agency (EMA), and the International Council for Harmonisation (ICH) have issued guidelines for risk assessment, detection, and control of these impurities. Advanced analytical techniques, including gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), are widely employed for the identification and quantification of nitrosamines at trace levels. This review discusses the chemical characteristics, formation mechanisms, potential sources, analytical detection methods, regulatory requirements, and mitigation strategies related to nitrosamine impurities in pharmaceutical products.

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Nitrosamine impurities, NDMA, NDEA, pharmaceutical contamination, mutagenic impurities, regulatory guidelines, analytical detection.

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The present study aims to examine the level of mobile phone use and related habits among undergraduate and postgraduate students. In the digital age, smartphones have become an important part of students' lives. Students use them for study, communication, entertainment, and social media. Although mobile phones are educationally useful, excessive and uncontrolled use may lead to addictive habits that can affect students' concentration, time management, and mental health. In this study, the descriptive survey method was used. Undergraduate and postgraduate students were selected as the sample. The Smartphone Addiction Scale (SAS-VAM), consisting of 23 items with a five-point scale, was used to measure mobile phone use and habits. The collected data were analyzed using mean, standard deviation, and percentage. The findings of the study will help to understand the actual level of mobile phone use among students and provide guidance for its balanced use.

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Mobile Phone Use Mobile Phone Addiction Smartphone Use Undergraduate Students Postgraduate Students Students' Habits

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Parenting young children is frequently associated with elevated levels of stress, which can adversely affect both maternal well-being and the overall family environment. While mindfulness practices have been widely recognized for their ability to reduce stress, traditional interventions often require extensive time commitments, making them less practical for mothers in demanding caregiving roles. This study aims to examine the effectiveness of a brief, easily implementable micro mindfulness intervention on perceived stress levels among mothers of children aged 3 to 10 years. Approximately 40 mothers will participate in a two-week program involving a daily 3- minute guided mindfulness meditation delivered through a simple audio format. Perceived stress levels will be measured before and after the intervention using the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10). It is hypothesized that mothers will report a significant reduction in perceived stress following the intervention. The outcomes of this study could support the integration of short, accessible mindfulness practices into daily routines, providing a practical strategy to enhance maternal mental health during the early years of parenting.

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micro mindfulness, perceived stress, mothers, parenting, PSS-10, brief intervention

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Shilpa Medicare Limited, headquartered in Raichur, Karnataka, is a leading Indian pharmaceutical company with a strong global presence. Established in 1987 as Shilpa Antibiotics Limited and renamed in 2003, the company has evolved from a small-scale API manufacturer into a fully integrated pharmaceutical enterprise. Today, it specializes in oncology, biologics, formulations, and contract development and manufacturing services (CDMO), with approvals from major regulatory bodies such as the USFDA, EMA, CDSCO, and ANVISA.

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Impact of Marketing Mix on Shilpa Medicare Limited

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Elections are the foundation of democracy in India, and accurate voter rolls are essential for conducting free and fair elections. But to address this issue, the Election Commission of India carries out a process that is called Special Intensive Revision. This process updates electoral rolls by adding eligible voters, removing the names of deceased or relocated individuals, and correcting inaccurate information. Therefore, SIR is not only a technical exercise but also a political process that can influence representation and political power in India. Further, this study analyzes the role and impact of SIR in Indian politics. It examines the historical development of electoral roll revision, the legal framework supporting it, and the operational steps used during the revision process. The study also explores the political implications of SIR, including its effects on marginalized communities, women voters, and youth participation. In addition, it highlights how voter roll revisions may shape electoral outcomes and party strategies. Furthermore, this research uses an analytical method and relies on secondary sources such as books, academic articles, journals, government reports, and online materials and analyse of case studies from Bihar, Delhi, and Uttar Pradesh illustrate how SIR has influenced voter registration patterns and political debates. The study also identifies key challenges, including allegations of selective voter deletion, controversies related to Aadhaar linkage, and the exclusion of migrant workers from the electoral process. Lastly this study suggests reforms to make the revision process more transparent, inclusive, and effective in the future.

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Special Intensive Revision, Free and Fair Elections, representation, Aadhaar linkage, migrant workers

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The growing demand for sustainable construction practices, increasing environmental pollution and the rising impact of construction activities has led to the exploration of new technologies and sustainable materials. 3D printing in construction is rapidly emerging as an innovative alternative to conventional building practices, enabling faster, more precise, and cost-effective fabrication of complex structures. However, the high cement content traditionally used in printable concrete raises sustainability concerns due to its significant carbon footprint. To address this challenge, this project explores the development and application of sustainable concrete mixes for 3D printing by partially replacing cement and natural aggregates with supplementary cementitious materials such as fly ash, silica fume along with recycled aggregates and fibers like basalt, polypropylene fiber. The waste materials offer environmental benefits by reducing landfill waste and material demand, their successful integration requires optimizing concrete mix proportions and printing parameters to balance properties like early strength, flow, and overall structural integrity. By integrating green materials into 3D-printed concrete, the project aims to significantly reduce environmental impact, enhance resource efficiency, and promote the large-scale adoption of sustainable construction practices.

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3D concrete printing, Sustainable construction, Printable concrete, Supplementary cementitious materials, Recycled aggregates, Fibre-reinforced concrete, Compressive Strength, Durability

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Women's health is a crucial component of public health and community development. Health profile and treatment-seeking behaviour are influenced by social, economic, and cultural factors, which often differ between rural and urban populations. Objective: The present study aimed to assess and compare the health profile and treatment-seeking behaviour among women residing in selected rural and urban communities. Methodology: A comparative cross-sectional study was conducted among 250 women (125 rural and 125 urban). Participants were selected using a convenience sampling technique. Data were collected using a self-structured questionnaire assessing socio-demographic variables, health profile, and treatment-seeking behaviour. Statistical analysis was performed using descriptive statistics and independent t-tests with SPSS version

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Health profile, treatment seeking behaviour, urban, rural, women.

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Dushta Vrana is a chronic non-healing wound described in Ayurvedic surgical literature and can be correlated with chronic ulcers in modern surgery. These wounds are characterized by delayed healing, infection, foul smell, discharge, discoloration, and unhealthy granulation tissue. Management of chronic wounds remains a challenge in contemporary medicine due to poor vascularity, infection, and metabolic disorders such as diabetes mellitus. Ayurveda describes a comprehensive approach for wound care including Shodhana (cleansing), Ropana (healing), and parasurgical procedures. Jalaukavacharana (leech therapy) is a form of Raktamokshana that is especially indicated in conditions associated with vitiated Rakta and Pitta Dosha. Medicinal leech saliva contains several biologically active substances such as hirudin, calin, bdellins, and hyaluronidase which possess anticoagulant, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antimicrobial properties. These substances improve microcirculation and promote wound healing. The present review discusses the Ayurvedic concept of Dushta Vrana and highlights the therapeutic role of Jalaukavacharana in chronic wound management.

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Dushta Vrana, Chronic Ulcer, Jalaukakavacharana, Wound Healing, Ayurveda

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Abstract Women entrepreneurship is steadily more acknowledged as a powerful driver of inclusive economic growth, yet minority women entrepreneurs in backward districts like Keonjhar, Odisha, continue to face structural barriers in accessing finance and digital resources. This empirical study investigates how access to finance and digital inclusion influence the enterprise performance of minority women entrepreneurs in Keonjhar district. The study is based on primary data collected through structured questionnaires and field interactions with minority women engaged in micro and small enterprises across selected blocks of the district. This research examines the relationship between formal credit access, participation in government financial schemes, digital literacy, use of UPI and mobile banking, and business performance indicators such as profitability, sales growth, market reach, and sustainability. The findings reveal that limited collateral security, procedural complexities in banking institutions, and low financial awareness restrict access to formal finance. However, digital inclusion--particularly the adoption of digital payment systems, social media marketing, and online banking--significantly enhances operational efficiency, financial transparency, and customer connectivity. Entrepreneurs who actively utilize digital platforms report higher income stability and business expansion. The study highlights that financial access and digital empowerment together act as catalysts for enterprise growth. It recommends targeted policy interventions, including simplified credit mechanisms, gender-sensitive financial products, and structured digital literacy programs to strengthen minority women-led enterprises. The research underscores the transformative potential of financial and digital inclusion in promoting sustainable entrepreneurship and socio-economic development in rural India.

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Keywords: Financial Inclusion, Entrepreneurs, Sustainability, Empowerment, Stability, Transformative

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