Volume 14 | Issue 3 |

 Abstract

This paper proposes an integrated dual module system developed to enhance agricultural resource management as well as economic planning. In this regard, the initial module is primarily focused on smart irrigation systems via IoT technologies, which entail soil moisture sensors, temperature sensors, as well as humidity sensors that monitor environmental conditions in real time. This information regarding environmental conditions is then processed via a microcontroller-based control unit that automates irrigation scheduling via set threshold values. The second module employs Machine Learning methods to predict prices of agricultural commodities. Historical datasets of the agricultural market are processed and analyzed using Machine Learning predictive methods such as Random Forest Regression and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM). Even though Random Forest Regression offers high accuracy in regression tasks, LSTM methods show promise in handling temporal dependencies in time-series patterns of price fluctuations. Experimental studies show that high reliability in predictions will be achieved, thus helping the farmer take decisions to store crops, transport, and sell them at appropriate times to achieve maximum profit. By integrating intelligent irrigation management with data-driven price predictions, the proposed system will enable the implementation of precision agriculture techniques, thus ensuring sustainable water management

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 Keywords

-- IoT, Smart Irrigation, Machine Learning, Commodity Price Prediction, Random Forest

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The judicial system in India is supported by district courts. They are on the spot where the great majority of citizens - persons on either side of criminal charges, civil actions, family law suits, land cases, and labour suits - are in fact brought to face with the law. They are also, and as a result, where the pledge or the failure of the legal help is most palpably experienced. The national-level data on the legal aid delivery though helpful in the aggregate level hides the real picture on the ground which is exploited in a daily basis in the main civil courts and sessions court in the six hundred and odd districts in India. The paper will conduct a narrow evaluation of the legal aid services in the form of the district court setting, wherein the evaluator will examine the institutional processes by which the aid is administered, the demographic composition of the recipients of the aid, the quality of the offered representation, and the result that the affected litigants gain in comparison to the result that the persons who hire private counsel would get. Based on the empirical data that is available, reports by judicial committees, evaluation by the civil society, and an analysis of the current statutory and regulatory framework, the paper determines the main gaps between the system in its design and the system in its reality. It claims that district courts, specifically due to the volume of issues comprising legally and economically vulnerable individuals, must be the center of serious attention to any effort undertaken to enhance the delivery of legal aid in India, and that such reform at the level is necessary to consider quality, accountability, infrastructure, and the social barriers to service access by eligible persons who are legally entitled to receive the service.

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 Keywords

legal aid, district courts, DLSA, access to justice, panel advocates, undertrial prisoners, India

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By applying the intersecting theory of trauma and the study of memory, this paper will argue that Half of a Yellow Sun by Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie is a powerful type of ethical witnessing of the Biafran war. Going beyond traditional historical narration the paper attempts to understand how Adichie portrays war not as a chronological chain of events, but as a discontinuous experiential reality of loss, displacement and psychological cataclysm. Based on trauma theory, the paper examines formal strategies in the novel such as nonlinear structure, silence, and repetitions as the manifestation of the belated and disruptive quality of traumatic memory. It also shows how individual memory, group memory, and narrative reconstruction challenge detected histories and recover the lost experiences through the prism of memory. The main thesis pr'poses that the storytelling in the novel Is an ethical gesture: it testifies to suffering but requires the reader to take part in the ethical aspects of violence and historical displacement. Placing fiction as the location where memory and testimony meet, the paper aims at adding to the body of postcolonial trauma studies by demonstrating how literary accounts transform historical knowledge and establish other archives of war.

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Project Keywords Biafran War Trauma theory Narrative ethics Memory studies Postcolonial literature Ethical witnessing War narratives Testimony

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Abstract Background: This research article provides a longitudinal analysis of India's industrial production landscape over four and a half decades, from 1981 to 2025. The study leverages a unique dataset comprising annual production indices for a vast array of select industrial items, compiled by the Government of India across three base years (1972-73, 2004-05, and 2011-12). Objective: The primary objective is to identify and analyze the long-term trends, structural shifts, and growth trajectories within key industrial sectors--Primary Goods, Capital Goods, Intermediate Goods, Infrastructure/Construction Goods, and Consumer Goods--in the context of India's evolving economic policies. Methodology: The study employs a mixed-method approach. Quantitative analysis includes calculating Compound Annual Growth Rates (CAGR) for different sectors and time periods to quantify performance. Qualitative analysis contextualizes these quantitative trends within major historical and policy milestones, such as the 1991 economic reforms and recent initiatives like "Make in India." Data visualization techniques, including line charts, bar charts, and comparative tables, are used to illustrate trends and facilitate comparative analysis. Findings: The analysis reveals a clear evolution of Indian industry. The post-liberalization era (post-1991) marks a significant inflection point, with most sectors exhibiting accelerated growth. Capital goods and consumer durable industries, in particular, demonstrate a robust response to economic openness and rising domestic demand. The most recent period (2012-2025) shows continued expansion, though with sector-specific variations, including a notable shift in the energy mix and the meteoric rise of electronics manufacturing and telecommunications equipment. Conclusion: Indian industrial production has undergone a profound transformation, moving from a regime of moderate, regulated growth to a period of dynamic expansion driven by liberalization, globalization, and technological advancement. The long-term trend is one of robust growth and increasing diversification, positioning India as a significant global industrial player. However, challenges related to data comparability and sectoral volatility persist.

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 Keywords

Indian Economy, Industrial Production, Index of Industrial Production (IIP), Economic Reforms 1991, Sectoral Analysis, CAGR, Manufacturing, Make in India, Time-Series Analysis, Structural Transformation.

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Fast food consumption has become an integral part of modern dietary habits, particularly among Generation Z. Rapid urbanization; changing lifestyles, aggressive marketing strategies, and increased accessibility have significantly influenced food choices among young consumers. This study examines the patterns, determinants, and effects of fast food consumption among Gen Z in the Erode District of Tamil Nadu. Using a descriptive research design, primary data were collected from 200 respondents aged 18-26 through a structured questionnaire.The study analyses consumption frequency, preference factors, health implications, and awareness levels regarding nutritional consequences. Statistical tools such as percentage analysis, chi-square test, and correlation analysis were employed. The findings reveal a high dependency on fast food among Gen Z, driven mainly by taste, convenience, peer influence, and affordability, with noticeable impacts on physical health and lifestyle habits. The study concludes with suggestions aimed at promoting healthier eating behavior among young consumers.

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Fast Food, Generation Z, Consumer Behavior, Health Impact, Erode District

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The efficacy and clinical importance of Phatak's repertory lie in its ability to streamline the prescribing process, ensuring a more precise similimum by reinforcing the credibility of the symptom totality. Central to this homeopathic approach are modalities--the specific factors that trigger an increase or decrease in symptom severity--which serve as indispensable elements in determining the correct medicinal match. Modalities are modifiers of symptoms and form a significant part of the homeopathic totality. They provide a solid basis for prescription as patients often accurately observe factors that aggravate or ameliorate their condition.

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Homeopathy, Modalities, Phatak's Repertory, Totality, Similimum.

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Economic thoughts, principles and ideologies took their birth during the Vedic period (1200-400 BCE), a millennium before the Greek writings of Plato and Aristotle. Economic thoughts are reflected in many of the ancient Indian texts which spoke about the importance of wealth as a source of happiness and satisfaction, consumption, savings and investment etc. This Paper outlines the significance of economic principles and philosophy of one such Indian text, "The Arthashastra", an ancient classic, written by an indigenous unparalleled thinker, Chanakya who lived during fourth century BCE. Although Adam Smith, the Scottish thinker is said to be the father of modern economics, it was Chanakya who is well known as Kautilya, who advocated the various aspects of political economy, two millennia Prior to Smith. The Study attempts to bring to light the significance of ancient ideologies and principles of Chanakya as discussed in 'Arthashastra' in the modern contemporary age. The paper also presents a comparative analysis of the theoretical framework of classical and Keynesian schools of thought with Kautilya's ideologies.

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Economic thought, Arthashastra, Kautilya, Adam Smith, Keynesian

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Abstract Background: Family planning plays an important role in improving maternal and child health. Vasectomy is a safe, simple, and effective permanent method of male sterilization. However, its acceptance in India remains low due to lack of knowledge, misconceptions, and cultural beliefs. Assessing the knowledge and attitude of husbands regarding vasectomy is essential to promote male participation in family planning. Objectives: 1. To assess the knowledge regarding vasectomy among husbands of postnatal mothers. 2. To assess the attitude towards vasectomy among husbands of postnatal mothers. 3. To find the association between knowledge and attitude with selected demographic variables. 4. To develop a pamphlet based on the findings to improve awareness about vasectomy. Methods: A descriptive research design was adopted for the study. The study was conducted in a selected hospital of Durg District, Chhattisgarh. The sample consisted of husbands of postnatal mothers selected through non-probability convenient sampling technique. A structured knowledge questionnaire and a Likert attitude scale were used to collect data. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the data. Results: The findings revealed that the majority of participants had moderate knowledge regarding vasectomy, while a considerable proportion had inadequate knowledge. Attitude towards vasectomy was found to be moderately favorable among many respondents. A significant association was observed between knowledge level and selected demographic variables such as education and occupation. Conclusion: The study highlights the need for educational interventions to improve knowledge and positive attitude toward vasectomy among husbands. Educational pamphlets and awareness programs can play a significant role in promoting male participation in family planning.

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Keywords: Vasectomy, Knowledge, Attitude, Family Planning, Male Sterilization, Postnatal Mothers.

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Creativity is not limited to artists, writers, novelists, or musicians. It is a fundamental human capacity--the ability to generate ideas, expresses emotions, and approach situations in new ways. Whether through journaling, cooking, problem-solving at work, or redecorating a room, creative acts shape how we experience the world. Increasingly, research in psychology and neuroscience suggests that creativity is closely entangled with mental wellbeing, influencing how we manage stress, build resilience, and cultivate meaning. Increasingly, psychological research shows that creativity is deeply connected to mental wellbeing--not just as a form of self-expression, but as a powerful tool for emotional regulation, resilience, and personal growth. The study reveals the relationship between creativity and mental wellbeing of teacher trainees. An exploratory, analytical and evaluative research approach has been applied. Data was collected from trainee teachers throughout their performance, activities and/or face to face & interview method during their training course.

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Creativity; Mental Well-being; Teacher Trainees; Psychology

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Social media sites serve as important venues for behavioral display and self-expression. The current study uses content analysis to look at and contrast how male and female users behave on social media. The study focuses on how social media posts reflect engagement patterns, emotional tone, visual representation, and the type of content posted. A structured coding sheet was used to assess a chosen number of posts from male and female user accounts using a quantitative content analysis method. The results show significant gender-based variations in interaction behavior, visual presentation, and content preferences. By providing insights into how male and female users visually and textually build their social media behavior, the study advances media and gender studies.

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Content Analysis, Social Media Behavior, Gender Differences, Visual Representation, Digital Media

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