Volume 12 | Issue 3 |

 Abstract

The relation between local self-government bodies and state assemblies forms the backbone of democratic governance. Local self government bodies are empowered to manage local affairs, allocate resources, and make decisions that directly impact their respective communities . They underscores the importance of community participation, decentralised governance, and addressing local needs tailored to the specific socio-economic and cultural context of the region. Effective functioning of these local government bodies marks the development of the state. In present days , State governments are not willing to devolve power to the local bodies , which affects or reduces the importance and the role of existing local self government bodies in the country. The objective of my research is to know whether local self government bodies effectively communicate the needs of your community to the state assembly and to find the major challenge that affects the interaction between local government and the State Assembly. Sample frame is 200. Major findings in this research is that local government bodies exist in Tamilnadu where they do not have an effective relation with the state assembly due to no strong bond between the members in local self government bodies and the members of legislative assembly in their constituency. And the major challenge which affects the relation between them are inadequate representation to voice for local issues and political instability. From this research , researcher have concluded that platforms established must be done in an effective manner in all territories within the state to address the local issues to the state assembly. Educating citizens about the role of local self government and their rights , responsibilities and coordination with members in local government can create an effective way to address the local issues to the state assembly.

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Local Governance , State assembly, Representation , local government bodies, Development.

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In India, forensic evidence is essential to the criminal justice system. In order to guarantee justice and equity in criminal proceedings, it offers an impartial and scientific foundation for determining a suspect's guilt or innocence. Establishing the facts of a case and identifying the criminals are two other uses for forensic evidence. This article will go over the function, significance, and difficulties faced by forensic evidence in India's criminal court system. This study aims to clarify the crucial role that forensic evidence plays in criminal investigations and to highlight the significant influence that it has on the administration of justice. After providing a thorough overview of forensic science and its historical development in the Indian context, the paper goes into great length to examine several types of forensic evidence, including digital, biological, physical, and trace evidence. The role of forensic evidence in criminal investigations in India will be covered in this essay.

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Forensic Evidence, Criminal, Investigations, Criminal Justice, Science, Police Agencies, Digital Footprints, Legal Framework.

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The theory of "Rule of Law" is used worldwide. However, the meaning of this theory varies, depending on several factors such as geography and history etc... This article provides a brief overview of how the concept of Rule of Law is understood in the context of state political morality especially in countries like India, which is a developing nation. The research confirms that the concept, which originates from the West, is used and perceived quite differently in the India in context of state political morality. In there is conflict and contradictions between upholding the Rule of Law and adopting Ethical principles. Some of Laws or government actions might be legally permissible but ethically unjust and there is a need to balance the necessity and maintaining the rule of law and ethical standards creates a significant dilemma. Rule of law should be used as an instrument to uphold the state political morality in the present political era and not otherwise. The concept of 'Rule of law' is a building block of our modern democratic society. 'Rule of Law' considered as in today's context that it is neither a ' rule' nor a 'law' rather it is a doctrine of 'State political morality' which maintains a correct balance between the rights and powers between the individuals and the State to make it a free and civil society.

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Rule of Law, State Political Morality, India, free and civil society, Ethical principle's etc.

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Homoeopathy is a holistic method of medical treatment that has been around for over two centuries. It is based on the principle of 'like cures like' and focuses on treating the whole person rather than just the symptoms of a disease. In recent times, with the increasing demand for natural and holistic approaches towards healthcare, homoeopathy has gained more recognition and acceptance. With its growing popularity, this article aims to shed light on the current scenario and future scope of homoeopathy.

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homoeopathy, holistic approach, alternative medicine

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Many e-commerce sellers are small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) that depend on these platforms to expand their customer base and broaden their market reach. Highlighting the competitive advantage of e-commerce firms is advantageous for these small players as it enhances their income possibilities and boosts their competitiveness in the export market. Limiting discounts may hinder the government's endeavours to support local vendors and micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs), impeding their digital accessibility and expansion. According to a survey by Deloitte India this year, it is a fallacy that e-commerce discounts are causing the decline of retail in India. In reality, only approximately 15 per cent of the population in India purchases items through digital markets. Instead of implementing stringent policies, advocating for equitable pricing structures and strict quality requirements would be beneficial. Furthermore, matters about competition should undergo a comprehensive discussion with market regulators such as the CCI to guarantee the implementation of fair and equitable regulations. One can also include international legislation on deep discounting, such as those in the EU and Australia. These rules apply to any need, not only e-commerce or digital markets. Promoting worker and supplier fairness in negotiations with large firms or internet platforms may benefit. When network effects are present, and it is difficult to disassemble large corporations, antitrust rules that protect significant technological companies' intellectual property rights can help combat market dominance. Competition drives market outcomes and affects inclusion in many ways. More than economic growth is at stake. It also affects how corporations allocate profits and how employees receive wages. It can also affect workers' labour market negotiations and firms' supply chain negotiations. It also affects the comparative costs of certain things, disproportionately affecting people experiencing poverty, such as food and communication. Competition can affect income and productivity growth by shaping the economy and incentivizing or discouraging investment and innovation, such as in intellectual property. Competition is essential for long-term, widespread economic growth, which is necessary for inclusive growth. The government must protect consumers, and the industry will put any effort into cooperation. However, worries are growing that specific planned e-commerce law reforms could constrain corporate operations too much and not safeguard consumers sufficiently. In this paper, we will look at the evolving legal landscape of e-commerce via the lenses of consumer protection, data privacy, intellectual property, and jurisdictional concerns w.r.t fair competition and technological advancement.

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Fairness, E-commerce, IP, challenges, Legal Technological and etc.

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One of the key metrics for measuring the progress of society is the Block Human Development Index (BHDI). Here, the relevant blocks demonstrated their performance from 2005-2006 to 2014-2015. By using the Iterative Average Correlation Method (IACM) to assign the correct weights to its underlying dimensions, we have attempted to create the composite Block Human Development Index (BHDI) of the Kharagpur sub-division of West Bengal across the research period. The Health Index (HI), Educational Index (EI), and Standard of Living Index (SLI) dimensions are used to create the BHDI, and IACM was used to determine their relative weights, which are 45.72%, 30.88%, and 23.41%, respectively. GIS tool is employed to determine the geographical variation of BHDI in the Kharagpur sub-division. The highest growth rate is calculated for Dantan-I block (3.78), followed by Narayangar block (3.50) during the study period. The lowest growth rate is calculated for Kharagpur -I block (1.33), followed by Debra block (1.96) in Kharapur sub-division. Results also indicated that the main causes of this variety are income disparity, poor access to healthcare, the school dropout rate, and lack of cultural awareness.

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Human Development Index, Iterative Average Correlation, Spatial disparity, Kharagpur sub-division

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The current study's goal is to examine the Effect of Asana and Pranayama Get familiar with Systolic Blood Pressure among Physical Education Students. From Alagappa University in Karaikudi were chosen as the study's 60 men subjects. They lived in the period between 17 and 25. Three equal groups of twenty each were formed from the subject population. Three days a week for the twelve weeks of the practice period, group I practiced asana along with pranayama, group II practiced asana, and group III practiced pranayama. The data were gathered before and after the twelve-week practice program. The Sphygmomanometer measuring test was used to measure the physiological variable known as Systolic blood Pressure. The data were analyzed using Analyzing covariance (ANCOVA) method. The study's findings demonstrated that practicing asana with pranayama exercises and making alterations to one's pranayama exercises greatly enhanced one's Physiological Factors on Asana and Pranayama Get familiar with Systolic Blood Pressure among Physical Education Students.

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Asana, Pranayama, Systolic Blood Pressure, ANCOVA

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The most common form of human communication, comprising of structured and conventionally used words delivered through speech, writing or gesture are called language. A language is a device that establishes sound- meaning correlation, pairing meaning with signals to enable people to exchange ideas through observable sequences of sounds"[Ronald W. Langacker, language & its structure, 1967]. The sweetness of any language can be understood from the way it is spoken. The language of the Indigenous of Tripura theirs is known as Kokborok. The origin of the word Kokborok is derived from the combination of two words 'Kok' and 'Borok'. Literally, Kokborok means, "Language of the people or community" so the word Kokborok stands for humans language. Kokborok is spoken in the Indian state of Tripura. It belongs to the Tibetan-Burmese wide group of language and more precisely to the Bodo- Garo Subgroup. This Language has several dialects and sub- dialects. At the time various British Political Agents, District Officers, Sub- Division Officers were known as linguists - they called this language as Tipperh, Tipura, Tipra Language. So far, the term Kokborok is known first occured as 'Kok- boro' in 1897/98 in an early primer on the language, Daulat Ahmed 'Kokboroma. In 1900, Thakur Radhamohan Debbarma spelt 'Kokborok' in a published grammar of the Language.

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 Keywords

Sino- Tibetan, Tipperah, Tipura, Kokborok

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This paper critically examines the role of Neo neoliberalism in shaping environmental policy and its implications for sustainability. Neo neoliberalism, characterized by a blend of market-oriented principles and state intervention, has emerged as a dominant approach to addressing environmental challenges within the context of globalization and economic liberalization. Drawing on theoretical frameworks from political economy, environmental governance, and sustainability studies, this paper seeks to unpack the tensions and contradictions inherent in Neo neoliberal approaches to environmental policy. The paper argues that this approach gives rise to a sustainability dilemma, wherein short-term economic interests often take precedence over long-term environmental sustainability goals.

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Sustainability dilemma, Economic growth, Environmental challenges, Market-based instruments, Regulatory frameworks, Short-term economic interests

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