Volume 11 | Issue 12 |

 Abstract

2023, Time changed, people's working outlooks changed. They do not want to put in hours of work which can be done effortlessly by using new technologies. This new technology is AI i.e. Artificial Intelligence. Artificial Intelligence (AI) has arisen as a transformative strength in various industries, including architecture. This topic emphasizes the transformation occurring in architecture due to AI-driven design processes. It will also highlight the impact of operating AI technologies in architectural design approaches, examining how these innovations influence creativity, efficiency, sustainability, and its potential challenges.

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 Keywords

Artificial Intelligence, Architecture, AI-driven design, Innovations, Challenges

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Background: Biologics, derived from living organisms, are pivotal in treating life-threatening conditions such as cancer and autoimmune diseases. This article aims to provide a comprehensive overview of biologics and biosimilars, emphasizing their types, molecular characterizations, and recent analytical advancements. Main Body of the Abstract: This review addresses: Introduction to Biologics: Covering their diverse nature and applications in treating various illnesses. Types of Biologics: Expanding on monoclonal antibodies, recombinant DNA technology products, biological response modifiers and their therapeutic significance Introduction to Biosimilars: Discussing the challenges in replicating these drugs due to inherent variability and complex manufacturing processes Molecular Characterization of Biosimilars: Exploring primary and higher-order structures, glycosylation, product-related variants, and process-related variants as key areas of analysis Recent Analytical Advances: Highlighting advancements in techniques such as liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS), two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2D-PAGE), and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for host cell protein (HCP) analysis. Short Conclusion: Recent analytical advancements address limitations in HCP detection and identification, contributing significantly to ensuring the quality, safety, and efficacy of biologics in the pharmaceutical industry.

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 Keywords

Biosimilars, Molecular Characterization, Host Cell Proteins (HCPs), ELISA, 2D-PAGE, LC-MS, MWCO, AAE, LC-MS/MS, Data-independent Acquisition (DIA)

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As semiconductor technology advances, the escalating demand for efficient power consumption in electronic devices, especially mobile gadgets, has become paramount. In pursuit of low-power circuits, this study explores various techniques, including the proposed Advance Leakage Method, to mitigate power loss, emphasizing the critical issue of leakage power, which can contribute up to 50% of overall power consumption. The study examines the dissipation of power due to leakage in VLSI circuits. A comprehensive analysis of leakage reduction methods, such as the Stack Technique, LECTOR Technique, Source Biasing Approach, Stack ONOFIC Approach, and the Proposed Approach, is presented. The study employs CMOS inverter models, revealing a significant reduction in leakage power by 50%, demonstrating the efficacy of the proposed method. The results, including power consumption and propagation time for various circuits and techniques, are tabulated and discussed, providing valuable insights for future low-power VLSI circuit designs.

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Power reduction, VLSI, leakage, CMOS, leakage current, transistor

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Bala Graha is a broad-spectrum term & collection of symptoms defined in Ayurveda codes books, where in the etiology is unknown. The word Grahi is mentioned in Atarva Veda. Mahabharata first time explained morphology of Graha Rogas, whereas Ayurveda texts explain the clinical features along with management, though the number of Balagraha varies from text to text. The advancement of technology and diagnostics in the subject of paediatric's in the recent years have made more clear understanding of these conditions, still many challenging disorders are present whose causes are unknown, termed as of idiopathic origin. One of the major management approaches is Daivavyapashraya Chikitsa for disorders of unknown etiological factors especially Graha Rogas. One such specific Graha Roga is Skanda among the Bala Grahas, whose detailed description is available in all the major texts. The clinical features of Skanda Graha closely resembles with Polio virus infection such as painful joints, rigid muscles, stiffness of the body. The details and concept regarding this will be discussed and presented in full paper

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Bala Graha, Skanda Graha, Daivavyapashraya Chikitsa, Polio virus infection.

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The pathetic feeling owing to a large number of students failing in English at two Bihar Board examinations is a cause of great concern. Although the situation is changing gradually because of emerging consciousness across the state for better learning and quality education the outcome still is far behind the expectation. The academic solution may rest in understanding and analyzing approaches, methods of dissemination and teaching. The article, an outcome of deep research and empirical observation, centres around the concern of the state which replicates the methods and issues of multilingual learning amid different cultural and social contexts.

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Learning of English, approaches of learning, bilingual and multilingual learning, cultural and social contexts

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India's higher education system is the world's third largest in terms of students, next to China and the United States. In future, India will be one of the largest education hubs. India's Higher Education sector has witnessed a tremendous increase in the number of Universities/University level Institutions & Colleges since independence. The higher education in India is, generally, seemed to be bleak since post-independence and raises several questions still unanswered. The unplanned expansion of higher education opportunities, spiralling trend of the educated unemployed, commercialization of education, the imbalance of quantity with quality, ignorance equity and excellence, are some of the pertinent cases in point that pose continuous threats to higher education of India. In this light, the new reforms in education to come must address all the above concerns in higher education and involve innovative modalities of how to classify and reclassify information, how to look at problems from new and different directions and at last how to bring about new future society to meet the challenges to come. Hence, the emerging Indian society needs to make the system of their higher education must innovative and futuristic to face the changing demands of the modern Indian Society. This paper includes the key challenges that India is currently facing in higher education and also includes some initiatives taken by the government to meet those challenges.

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Higher Education, India, Present Scenario, Future prospects, Challenges, Government Initiatives

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A study was conducted to evaluate the impact of metals like lead and chromium on morphological parameters, amount of chlorophyll and protein content of Spinacia oleracea. The absorbance and accumulation of these two metals in the edible part (leaves) of the plant was also studied. Pot experiments were carried out to treat the plants with various concentrations of both the metals and their impact on different parameters were investigated and compared with the control. It was found that all the morphological parameters, the three types of chlorophyll (a, b and total) as well as the total proteins get reduced in the plants treated with lead and chromium in comparison to control. The effect of chromium in increasing concentrations on the morphological parameters was found to be more adverse than lead, while the adverse impact of increasing lead concentrations were more on the chlorophyll and protein contents. However the metals (Pb and Cr) did not accumulate in the leaves in significant amounts.

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Absorbance, Accumulation, Morphological parameters, Chlorophyll, Protein.

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Now a days increase in population increases the demand of concrete for construction purpose and Aggregates are the important constituents in concrete. Re-use of demolition waste avoids the problem of waste disposal and is also helpful in reducing the gap between demand and supply of fresh aggregates. This research deals with partial replacement of natural coarse aggregates (NCA) with recycled coarse aggregates (RCA) of age group 15, 25 & 35 years in different proportions like 20%, 30%, 40%. For this, M20 grade of concrete is adopted. Curing of specimens were done for 7days and 28 days to attain the maximum strengths. Partial replacement of fine aggregate with Silica Fume at 5%, 10%, 15% were done to gain more strength. After casting the specimens of RCA with Silica Fume replacement, curing was done and the specimens were tested for compressive and tensile strengths. Obtained results of compressive and tensile strengths of RCA concrete mix were compared with conventional concrete. In this direction, an experimental investigation of compressive and tensile strength was undertaken to use RCA as a partial replacement in concrete. It was observed that the concrete with recycled aggregates of 15,25, & 35 years age group achieved maximum compressive strength and Split tensile strength at 40% Replacement of NCA with 15yrs RCA, at 15 % replacement of NCA with 15yrs RCA and replacement of Fine aggregate with Silica Fume, at 30 % for Replacement of NCA with 25yrs RCA, at 15% for Replacement of NCA with 25yrs RCA and replacement of Fine aggregate with Silica Fume, at 20 % for Replacement of NCA with 35yrs RCA.

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Natural Coarse Aggregate, Recycled Coarse Aggregate, Silica Fume, Concrete

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Herbal medicine has grown in importance on a global scale for both medical and financial reasons. Because herbal remedies don't have the common side effects of allopathic medicines, patient compliance is rising.The objective of this study was to develop and formulate an antimicrobial gel using turmeric and eucalyptus in order to assess the chemical and physical properties of formulations. A gel is a jelly-like semisolid preparation that is applied topically to a variety of body surfaces. The goal of the study was to formulate and evaluate the antimicrobial herbal gel from the local medicinal plants. The oil of the selected plants was taken in different ratios at random to formulate gel. The topical formulation was developed and tested for physical parameter, drug content, uniformity, and spreadibility (SP). Using the agar diffusion method, the gels' antimicrobial activity against a variety of microbial agents was assessed. The herbal gels demonstrated the superior antibacterial activity of formulations with turmeric and eucalyptus oil.

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Antimicrobial activity,Herbal Gel, Eucalyptus oil and turmeric,Evaluation.

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Device-to-device (D2D) communication is a promising paradigm to meet the requirement of ultra-dense, low-latency and high-rate in the fifth-generation networks. However, energy consumption is a critical issue for the D2D communication, especially for D2D relay networks. To make the best use of D2D communication, the problem of optimizing energy efficiency (EE) must be addressed. Here propose a joint power allocation and relay selection (JPARS) scheme for the improvement of energy efficiency in relay-aided D2D communications underlaying cellular network. A mixed integer nonlinear fractional programming (MINLP) problem of the total EE for D2D pairs is formulated. While ensuring the quality of service (QoS) of cellular users and D2D links, here solve the power allocation problem by Dinkelbach method and Lagrange dual decomposition. After that, Q-learning, one of the reinforcement learning algorithms, is employed to solve the relay selection problem. Finally, we provide in-depth theoretical analysis of the proposed scheme in terms of complexity and signaling overhead. Simulation results verify that the proposed scheme not only overcomes the bottleneck effect, but also nearly reaches the theoretical maximum in terms of the total EE of D2D pairs.

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 Keywords

relay,d2d communication

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