Volume 13 | Issue 12 |

 Abstract

This paper tries to explore the traditional knowledge system of the Bodos. The Bodos have been maintaining their traditional knowledge system in their lives since the time immemorial. They are very rich in their traditional knowledge. This knowledge is the part and parcel of their lives. This knowledge helps them in their agriculture, food cuisine, economy, ornaments, and costumes, ecology, and bio-diversity. Most of their traditional knowledge is mingled with the natural resources and experiences the importance of the need of ecological balance. This knowledge signifies their distinct identity in our Indian multi-cultural context.

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 Keywords

People, nature and culture.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Rapid urbanization has pushed construction into high-risk seismic zones, making it crucial to understand how specific soil conditions influence the stability of high-rise structures. This project analyzes the seismic performance of a G+12 reinforced concrete building under varying earthquake intensities as defined by IS 1893:2016. Using STAAD.Pro, the structure was modeled and tested across four distinct scenarios, specifically comparing the transition from Seismic Zone IV to Zone V on both Hard (Type 1) and Medium (Type 2) soils. The study focused on quantifying the increase in lateral displacement, story drift, and base shear to determine at what point a standard frame becomes unsafe. The results indicate that soil type acts as a significant magnifier for seismic forces. Shifting the building from a hard rock base in Zone IV to medium soil in Zone V caused the lateral displacement to surge by over 50%, pushing the story drift beyond the permissible safety limits. The analysis confirms that for a G+12 structure in severe seismic zones, relying solely on a moment-resisting frame is dangerous. To ensure stability and code compliance, the design requires the introduction of shear walls to control the sway, alongside a robust foundation upgrade to handle the drastically increased support reactions.

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 Keywords

Seismic analysis , Earthquake, Soils , G+12

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 Abstract

Outdoor navigation using GPS is reliable in open environments but fails inside buildings where satellite signals are weak or unavailable. This creates difficulties in large infrastructures such as hospitals, malls, airports, and university campuses. To address this, we propose a hybrid indoor-outdoor navigation system that enables a smooth transition between outdoor and indoor navigation. The system uses OpenStreetMap (OSM) for outdoor routing, providing an open-source and cost-effective alternative to proprietary mapping services. For indoor navigation, building floor plans are processed using Optical Character Recognition (OCR) to extract meaningful information such as room names and directions, which are then converted into navigable paths. The system also implements role-based access, allowing owners to add or update locations, while users can search and navigate to desired destinations. By integrating outdoor GPS navigation with OCR-enabled indoor guidance, the proposed approach offers a scalable, user-friendly, and practical solution for real-world navigation challenges.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Indoor navigation, Outdoor navigation, OpenStreetMap, OCR, Hybrid navigation system, Floor plan processing.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

: Emotional intelligence, empathy, clinical competence, nursing students, nursing education

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Ekatm manavbaad : Samgra Darshan

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Ekatm manavbaad : Samgra Darshan

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Nature is the spirit which runs in the veins of human being. In this material world having no solace or balm for human suffering, nature has this power of healing. It takes human being through a therapy for his/her psychological or physical instability. In this contemporary scenario environmental concerns have gained prominence. The perfect instance of these issues can be found in Anita Desai's Voices in the City. Her novel displays how the characters are stuck in unbearable conditions and their cravings for a peaceful environment. She also adds the dimension of feminine sensibility and their struggle for existence in a patriarchal society. The only escape from the monotonous household chores is in the shelter of nature. The theme of this novel revolves around the interconnectedness of the suffocation of woman and nature in the city of Calcutta where happiness has been overshadowed by smog of the city. This paper seeks to present the pathetic atmosphere in which the characters are surviving and how discourse has rendered women as willing slaves. The characters -Nirode, Monisha and Amla are trapped in the physical and psychological barriers that society has created for them which eventually leads to suicide as the ultimate relief.

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 Keywords

Suffering, healing, freedom, humanity, nature.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

This study explores Intelligent Invoice Information Extraction in the context of recent progress in Vision-Language Models (VLMs). Conventional OCRbased pipelines frequently encounter recognition errors, domain-specific limitations, weak generalization, and poor performance when processing invoices with varied layouts. To address these challenges, we present a Hybrid Vision- Language Framework that combines the OCR-free Donut document transformer with the Gemini multimodal large language model. The framework enables structured extraction of key financial fields from invoices of multiple templates. Donut performs the visual encoding and sequence generation without relying on OCR, whereas Gemini provides higher-level reasoning, validation, and semantic refinement of the extracted information. The objective is to achieve high-precision identification of invoice numbers, dates, vendor details, tax components, itemized records, and total amounts. A detailed review of the literature indicates that only a few existing systems utilize hybrid VLM architectures that fuse OCR-free models with multimodal reasoning models for invoice extraction. Extensive empirical evaluations on custom datasets and standard benchmarks demonstrate substantial performance gains over traditional OCR-based and transformer-based baselines. The key contributions of this work include a scalable system architecture, an analysis of hybrid reasoning effectiveness, comprehensive experimental results, and practical insights for organizations aiming to automate financial processing workflows. The findings suggest that hybrid VLM frameworks offer a significant advancement for Intelligent Document Processing (IDP), reducing manual effort while improving generalization to previously unseen invoice formats.

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 Keywords

Donut model, Gemini AI, Invoice Extraction, Document Intelligence, Vision-Language Models

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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This study assesses patient perceptions of service quality in selected public and private hospitals in Raipur using the SERVQUAL model and examines demographic variations across key service quality dimensions. Primary data were collected from 150 OPD patients from two public and two private hospitals. Service quality was measured across Tangibles, Reliability, Responsiveness, Assurance and Empathy. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, independent t-tests, one-way ANOVA and Cronbach's Alpha. Results show that private hospitals scored significantly higher across all SERVQUAL dimensions than public hospitals. Gender differences were not significant, whereas residence (urban vs. rural) influenced all dimensions. Age, education and income also had significant effects on selected service quality domains. The SERVQUAL instrument demonstrated strong internal reliability. Overall, the findings indicate that public hospitals must improve responsiveness, patient communication and infrastructure to reduce service quality gaps and enhance patient satisfaction.

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SERVQUAL, Service Quality, Patient Perception, Public and Private Hospitals, Raipur, Healthcare Quality, Demographic Factors, Patient Satisfaction

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

This review paper presents a comprehensive performance analysis of two fundamental pointer-based data structures, the linked list and the skiplist, through the lens of the modern multi-level CPU cache hierarchy (L1, L2, L3). While traditional algorithmic analysis focuses on asymptotic complexity, contemporary hardware realities indicate that memory access patterns and their interaction with the cache often dominate real-world performance. The discussion begins by establishing essential principles of cache architecture and the principle of locality, followed by a survey of seminal works in cache-conscious data structure design that highlight key optimization strategies such as clustering and layout transformation. The comparative analysis exposes the inherent spatial locality limitations of both standard linked lists and skiplists, stemming from their reliance on discontiguous, heap-allocated nodes. Evidence shows that the skiplist's logarithmic search complexity can be undermined by its irregular memory access patterns, frequently producing a higher rate of cache misses than a linear scan over a linked list. The paper concludes by examining modern cache-optimized skiplist variants that blend pointer-based and array-based designs to mitigate these hardware-level penalties, emphasizing that a cache-aware design philosophy is essential for achieving high performance in memory-intensive applications.

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Data Structures, Skip List, Linked List, CPU Cache, L1 Cache, L2 Cache, L3 Cache, Memory Hierarchy, Perfor- mance Analysis, Cache-Conscious, Spatial Locality, Temporal Locality.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Occupational stress has emerged as a critical concern within higher education institutions, particularly among women employees who navigate complex professional and socio-cultural expectations. This study investigates the nature, sources, and consequences of work-related stress and its effect on work performance among female teaching and non-teaching employees in higher education institutions located in rural and metropolitan settings. Using Wardha district as the rural context and Nagpur district as the metropolitan context, the study adopts a comparative and empirical research design. Primary data were collected through a structured questionnaire covering dimensions such as workload, role ambiguity, institutional support, work-life balance, psychological well-being, and coping mechanisms. Statistical tools including descriptive analysis, independent sample t-tests, and correlation analysis were applied. The findings reveal significant differences in stress levels and performance outcomes between rural and metropolitan institutions, with workload pressure and institutional support emerging as dominant predictors. The study contributes context-specific insights for gender-sensitive human resource policies in higher education.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Occupational Stress, Work Performance, Women Employees, Higher Education, Rural-Urban Comparison

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition