Volume 8 | Issue 12 |

 Abstract

: Monitoring and analyzing crowd in public places plays an vital role in corona pandemic situation in order to prevent the wild spreading of the virus and to ensure the public safety. For analyzing and estimating the crowd in specific zone through a video/stream produced by a statically fixed camera we used image-processing techniques for this research implementation. Considering the pandemic situation we have used specific techniques in this implementation background subtraction, shadow elimination, segmentation and pixel/texture based image processing methods. With this methodology we get a group wise classified crowd estimations such as low, medium and high crowd. The video source can be inputted by a fixed positioned camera for the best estimation. In this research we only implemented using few logical calculations and image pre-processing techniques in order to develop a cost efficient model and also to ensure the real time processing of a stream for estimating crowd with good accuracy even in low light condition and to produce on time results. This helps in minimizing the human engagement for monitoring and analyzing.

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 Keywords

Background subtraction, Shadow elimination, Gaussian model, Pixel differentiating, Image processing, Intelligent systems

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Gender equity is imperative to the attainment of healthy lives and wellbeing of all, and promoting gender equity in leadership in all sectors is an important part for the development of the country. Women are suffering from the inequality in education, opportunities to work, career development and training due to their gender. They should have to meet same things like as men to grow themselves in the every field. Women are capable to work like men in all the sectors such as academic, politics, manufacturing and so on. It can be say that the impact of gender is influencing to the leadership in every society. Gender are influencing on the leadership in many ways. Whether men and women lead in a different way is still a highly debated issue. However, the major effect of gender on leadership is that women are presumed to be less competent and less worthy to hold leadership positions. This paper is based on the secondary data. The objectives of paper are to ascertain impediments hindering women advancement to leadership positions and gender equality and to examine inequality the extent to which the challenges impinge on female performances and their progresses to leadership. It is emphasizing on the gender equality and female leadership.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Gender Equality, Female Leadership, Sustainable World, Literature Review

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The article reviews some newly developed concepts in reactive dyeing of cotton using sea water. Attempts have been made using sea water as a substitute for dyeing of cotton with reactive dyes of various shades and extents of salt contents. A comparative investigation has been conducted using hot brand reactive dye with normal water, RO water and sea water (with and without salt). In another study, sea water has been used as dyeing medium for dyeing of cotton textiles with reactive dyes. Sea water has been treated with calcium oxide/sodium carbonate to remove sodium and calcium ions. The results indicate that addition of specified concentration of sodium chloride is necessary for increase in dye exhaustion in pre-treated sea water instead of a higher concentration (3 times the other) of sodium chloride as required in the conventional dyeing method.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Cotton, Reactive dyeing, Sea water, Electrolyte load, Fastness rating, Water conservation.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

A consumer is an individual that purchases the goods or services produced by a business. Attracting consumer is the primary goal of most public facing business because it is the customer who creates demand for goods and services. Business often competes through advertisements or lowered prices to attract an ever larger consumer base. Since the consumer are the ultimate end users of any product or services the organizations need to satisfy them on the priority basis because the unsatisfied customer tend to switch brand. The success of the organization majorly depends upon the satisfaction of consumers. In order to satisfy the consumer one has to know about what consumer buy, why they buy it, when they buy it, how they buy, how often they buy and what made them switch to other brands. The present paper focuses on buying patterns of shampoo among the individuals. The study also examines factors specially advertisement, which has a great influence to consumers to buy a particular brand�s shampoo and reason for their switching to other brands. From the research the results revealed that advertisement plays a significant role in buying behavior of a consumer. It was also inferred from the study that consumers switch to other brands after watching endorsement. The present study is conducted on the college girls of Raipur region.

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 Keywords

Consumers� buying behavior, Consumers� switching behavior, Business

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The useful ammonia (NH3) gas sensor based on polyaniline (PANI) film as an active sensing layer. The PANI films prepared on a Glass substrate by a simple in-situ polymerization technique. In FTIR spectroscopy N-H and C- H stretching observed at the 3400 /cm which confirms the functional group of PANI. In UV�Visible absorption spectrum of the synthesized PANI film extended tail at 800nm representing the conducting ES state of Polyaniline. Ammonia (NH3) gas-sensing properties of the films prepared at 0oC conditions were examined at room temperature in the range of 10 to 100ppm.The room temperature functioning of the sensor is critical, which facilitates low-power operation and also enhances the life time of a sensor. The observed variation in resistance of PANI film corresponding to 10 ppm and 100 ppm of NH3 exposure. Furthermore, good reproducibility and long-term stability were also observed over a concentration range from 10 to 100 ppm. These results indicate that the PANI films on glass substrate promising for portable on-site detection.

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Investigating the Sensing Response of Polyaniline for Ammonia Prepared at Lower Room Temperature

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Security is one of the grossing topics in today�s market. There are various techniques used and being made to make the system more secure and easy for a person to use. Surveillance along with security systems are really costly in today�s time. We have designed a reasonable system with few sensors and prediction algorithms to get information about any intruder or security break down. It is an IOT based system and uses a server-based on Django. The system also has two-factor authentication and uses the user�s GPS location to disable the system�s outer most security layer for further authentication and correct identification. This system is designed to work in a closed-loop and even gets feedback whenever unlocked. The system is practically implemented and is being further improved for production purposes. It can be used in multiple places like home, offices, banks, schools, etc.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

IOT, Security, Prediction, STM32

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Pteridophytes possess an important role in folklore medicine although neglected in modern days. These plants have been successfully used in different systems of medicines like Ayurvedic, Unani, Homeopathic and other systems of medicines. In view of literature review on these plants, the present study was focused on the antibacterial activity of Aleutitopteris bicolor, family Sinopteridaceae, in Doon valley, situated in foot hills of the Himalayas. Plant material was collected, dried and grinded out a powdered form which was then subjected to diffusion extraction using seven different solvent in the increasing order of their polarity. Different extract of the plants revealed its antibacterial activity against the studied pathogenic bacterial strains. Out of the seven extracts assayed the ethyl acetate extract was most active against four gram positive and one gram negative bacteria. Therefore, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the extract was determined against the selected bacteria showing zones of inhibition ? 10mm. The MIC for different strains ranges between 125mg/ml to 62.50mg/ml. So, it can be concluded that ethyl acetate extract of Aleuritopteris bicolor possess good antibacterial activity against bacterial strains that cause infection. Aleuritopteris bicolour can be recommended in future for various biological activities such as antibacterial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Aleuritopteris bicolour, antimicrobial activity, Pteridophyte

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Key words: Malgudi-Milieu, Ancestral village, Microcosm, Modernism

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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All Alankarikas accept Guna as an essential quality of poetry, it cannot be said that it developed into a school. The reason most probably is its connection with Riti. There are different opinions as to their number, nature and relationship to other salient features of poetry.It is in the Arthasastra (B.C.1st Century) that we see for the first time some kinds of Gunas. Our epics Ramayana and Mahabharatha are other sources of this concept. Gunas like Laghu, Madhura, Chitra and Udara are seen in both of the epics. In Sanskrit poetics Bharatha is the first to insist that the sahitya�s drama should have some qualities like mrdu, lalita. In the sixteenth chapter of Natyasastra, Bharatha deals with the topics of Lakshanans, Alankaras, Gunas and Dhoshas. Bharatha does not define Guna or indicate its function and difference from Lakshanas and Alankaras. Bhamaha seems to have held that as Gunas and Alankaras are the features of poetic beauty, a distinction between them is unnecessary. He was aware of some theories based on Gunas. Dandin is considered as the founder of Guna Theory. His Kavyadarsa is the first authentic work dealing with Gunas in connection with the Riti otherwise known as Marga. Dandin says that whatever enhances the poetic beauty is its Alankara and in this view gunas are not different from Alankaras . Dandin admits the ten Gunas accepted by Bharatha. According to him there are two types of poetic composition � Marga viz. Vaidharbha and Goudiya. Between the two Vaidarbhamarga is perfect with all the ten Gunas while Gaudiya is characterised by two Gunas, Ojas and Kanthi. Just after the enumeration of ten Gunas, Dandin declares the soul of Vaidarbha marga is ten Gunas. It is because of that Dandin, though a follower of Riti and Alankara School is taken as the founder of Guna School. Kuntaka is a writer of originality in the history of Gunas. He accepts two main sets of Gunas viz. Sadarana and Asadarana. Namisadhu is an important name in the history of Gunas. After discussing three Ritis, he says that these Ritis are not Alankara, but they are Gunas of Sabda. Again in the chapter of Rasa he says that the Sabdalankaras and Arthalankaras are considered as artificial ornaments whereas Rasas are the natural Gunas like Soudarya etc. Anandavardhana, who for the first time made a more scientific definition of Gunas. Jagannathapanditha has a new idea to tell regarding the nature of Guna. To him Gunas are not related to Rasa, the soul of poetry. Atma of Kavya, like our Atma is Nirguna. There can be therefore no gunas at all. Sabdartha, Rachana and Rasa all produce Madurya and other Gunas which are the states of the mind. All of them go to produce that kind of Chittavrthi called Guna which is also equivalent to the Chittavrthi itself.

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 Keywords

Guna, Riti, Laghu, Madhura, Chitra, Udara, Alankaras. Kavyas, Marga, Ojas, Kanthi,Sabda, Artha, Sadarana, Asadarana, Prasada, Lavanya, Abhijathya, Saubhagya, Doshas, Atma, Chittavrthi.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition