Volume 13 | Issue 12 |

 Abstract

Rajanikanta Bordoloi (1867-1940) holds a distinct place in the literary landscape of Assam as a noveliest whose works mirror of the cultural, social, and historical sensibilities of his time. This study seeks to examine Bordoloi's contribution to Assamese literature with a focus on his work as a novelist. Through a critical analysis of his major novels such as "Miri Jiyori" and "Manomoti", the study highlights how Bordoloi skillfully blended historical narratives with elements of Assamese folklore, culture, and social reform. The paper discusses his narrative style, thematic concerns, and his role in shaping a distinctly Assamese literary identity during the colonial period. Bordoloi's commitment to Assamese nationalism, his portrayal of indigenous communities, and his subtle critique of social hierarchies underscore his position not just as a novelist, but as a cultural reformer. This paper aims to reaffirm Bordoloi's stature as a foundational figure in Assamese prose fiction and assess his enduring legacy in the literary history of Assam.

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 Keywords

Rajanikanta Bordoloi, Folklore, Indigenous, Fiction, Literary, Literary

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Cataracts are a common eye condition that can lead to vision loss if not detected early. Traditional diagnosis methods rely on manual examination by eye specialists, which can be time-consuming and subjective. This study explores the use of RESNET-152, a deep learning-based Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), to detect cataracts from eye images automatically. The model is trained on a dataset of fundus images and can classify eyes as normal or cataract affected. By using deep learning, the system provides a fast, accurate, and reliable method for cataract detection, which can assist doctors in early diagnosis and treatment. Traditional cataract diagnosis relies on manual examination by ophthalmologists, which can be time-consuming and subjective. In this study, we propose an automated cataract detection system using the RESNET-152 convolutional neural network (CNN) for feature extraction and classification. The model is trained on a dataset of fundus images, where it learns to distinguish between normal and cataract-affected eyes with high accuracy. To address these challenges, this study proposes an automated cataract detection system using RESNET-152, a deep learning-based Convolutional Neural Network (CNN). The model is trained on a dataset of fundus images, learning to extract important visual features that differentiate normal and cataract affected eyes. Transfer learning is employed to enhance model efficiency, leveraging pre-trained weights from large-scale image datasets. The deep learning-based approach leverages transfer learning to enhance feature representation, ensuring robust detection even in challenging cases.

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 Keywords

Cataract Detection, RESNET-152, Deep Learning, Convolutional Neural Network, Transfer Learning, Fundus.

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The integration of Geospatial Intelligence (GEOINT) with Autonomous Mobility Systems (AMS) is revolutionizing the way machines perceive, navigate, and interact with physical environments. This review explores recent advancements in applying artificial intelligence (AI) models - such as convolutional neural networks (CNNs), graph neural networks (GNNs), and transformers - to geospatial data for enabling autonomy in vehicles, drones, and intelligent transport systems. We present a theoretical framework, experimental results, comparative model evaluations, and key findings from over a decade of research. Challenges including real-time data fusion, generalization, explainability, and privacy preservation are discussed. The review concludes by outlining future directions such as federated learning, edge AI, 4D spatial modeling, and sustainable mobility planning. As cities become smarter and autonomous platforms more widespread, the convergence of GEOINT and AI will be critical to achieving reliable, context-aware, and environmentally conscious mobility solutions.

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 Keywords

Geospatial Intelligence (GEOINT); Autonomous Mobility Systems (AMS); Deep Learning; Smart Cities; Edge AI; Federated Learning; 4D Spatial Modeling; Trajectory Prediction; Sensor Fusion; Explainable AI.

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The advent of the World Trade organization (WTO) introduced many policy- based international trading system aimed at liberalizing markets, including the farmers rights in agricultural sector. For India- like country agrarian economy- the obligations under the WTO's agreement on Agriculture (AOA) and the agreement on Trade-related Aspects of Intellectual property Rights (TRIPS) have led to significant legal and policy changes. The Study examines how WTO provisions have influenced Indian agricultural law and policy, with a special focus on the farmers' rights. It critically evaluates whether these changes have supported or undetermined the socio-economic and traditional rights of Indian farmers in the view of legal frame work.

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legal, policy, agriculture, socio-economic, traditional rights, farmers rights

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Scientific imagination is often celebrated as the source of innovation, shaping hypotheses, directing experimentation, and enabling breakthroughs that transform human life. However, this paper argues that imagination is also a profoundly ethical force and must be examined as such. Scientific aspirations do not merely predict the future--they actively participate in creating it, generating new powers with potentially far-reaching and irreversible consequences. Because aspirations reflect particular values, interests, and visions of progress, they can perpetuate social inequalities and ecological harm if left unexamined. Drawing from virtue ethics, anticipatory governance, and theories of epistemic justice, this article contends that responsibility must arise at the very moment scientific futures are imagined, not only after technologies are developed or harms emerge. It advances a framework that links imagination, anticipation, and responsibility, and argues for institutional practices--such as ethical foresight, democratized agenda-setting, and education for responsible ambition--that cultivate moral imagination within scientific cultures. Ultimately, the paper calls for a shift in ethical inquiry from the question of whether research methods are permissible to whether the envisioned futures are just, inclusive, and worthy of pursuit. Ethical science must ensure that the worlds it imagines and builds contribute to collective flourishing.

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Imagination in Science, Ethical Responsibility, Scientific Aspirations, Anticipatory Ethics, Epistemic Justice

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The present paper gives a study being carried out on Hero stones, as part of my research work in Venkatagirikota Mandal of Chittoor district, Andhra Pradesh. It illustrates the kind and categories of Hero stones and their historical and thematic representation being depicted as a tradition prevailed during 8th, 9th and 10th century CE. Types and categories are divided according to different thematic view being depicted over locally available slabs which are generally found outskirts of village fields, the tradition survived over centuries over throughout south India but here in a simple form and are still under worship on festive occasion which are remembered with several episodes of local anecdotes, however received respect, protection and conservation.

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Anecdote, Chhatra, Concept, Commemoration, Eternity, Life-time, Sacrifice, Welfare.

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Abstract Varicose veins represent a common chronic venous disorder resulting from venous valve incompetence and venous hypertension. Patients commonly present with dilated tortuous veins, pain, limb heaviness, and cosmetic concerns. Surgical phlebectomy remains a time- tested and effective method for the management of symptomatic superficial varicosities, especially in the presence of incompetent perforator veins. This article presents a detailed case-based review of a 50-year-old male patient with bilateral lower limb varicose veins managed surgically by ligation, stripping, and phlebectomy, emphasizing clinical features, investigations, operative management, and outcome.

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Keywords: Varicose veins, Phlebectomy, Perforator incompetence, Chronic venous insufficiency

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This research explores how motivation and attitudes affect students at universitiesin Saudi Arabia who accept and use AI-based English language learning apps. It indicates the increasing use of artificial intelligence in language education. Employing a quantitative research design and a structured questionnaire, the study involved 45 first-year students, whose motivational orientations, attitudinal tendencies, and levels of acceptance of AI-edited learning tools were assessed. The findings reveal substantial differences in students' motivation levels and attitudes. A specific group of students, who are highly motivated and have positive attitudes, consequently, shows greater acceptance and active use of AI-powered applications. On the other hand, some students have moderate attitudes and are less engaged. The research indicates that social, technological, and institutional backing are necessary conditions for the development of learners' selfconfidence and their willingness to use AI tools. Moreover, it emphasizes the importance of viewing English as a language of culture and science, whose acquisition can be facilitated by contemporary AI-powered platforms. Moreover, the outcomes highlight the need to employ learner-centred instructional methods that account for students’ diverse attitudes and motivations when using AI technologies in the classroom. This study provides the necessary information for teachers and decision-makers to support the effective use of AI applications in English language learning among Saudi graduate students. It is a step toward a deeper understanding of the emotional, cognitive, and technological factors that influence learners' experiences

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Motivation, Attitudes, AI-Based Learning, Graduate Students, Saudi Arabia

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Quality assurance has become a central concern in higher education due to increasing competition, accountability, and stakeholder expectations. In India, the National Assessment and Accreditation Council (NAAC) plays a significant role in evaluating and enhancing the quality of higher educational institutions through a structured accreditation framework. The present study examines the role of NAAC accreditation in improving institutional quality with reference to academic, administrative, and infrastructural dimensions. The study focuses on how NAAC processes influence teaching-learning practices, governance, student support services, research culture, and overall institutional performance. Using a descriptive research design, data were collected from faculty members and administrators of selected higher educational institutions through a structured questionnaire. The findings reveal that NAAC accreditation has a positive impact on quality enhancement by promoting systematic planning, outcome-based education, transparency in administration, and continuous improvement practices. The study concludes that NAAC accreditation serves as an effective mechanism for institutional quality improvement and provides useful insights for policymakers and educational administrators to strengthen quality assurance practices in higher education institutions.

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NAAC, IQAC,QUALITY Accreditation

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The purpose of this essay is to identify the Rasa and Bhava aspects in Mahesh Dattani's drama Dance Like a Man, which depicts the suffering of a young girl who was sexually assaulted by her own uncle. Mahesh Dattani is an Indian English dramatist who has attempted to use his theatrical abilities on an Indian stage to draw attention to the horrifying problem of incest. In relation to Dance Like a Man, this will also emphasise Dattani's contribution to Indian theatre. Theatre is a type of art that occurs in the "now" since it is a stage where live actors perform in front of a live audience. One of the unique delights of the theatre for both the artists and the audience is the live actor-audience interaction. The audience can enjoy the Rasa, a Sanskrit word with multiple connotations that is best grasped in its whole in the Sanskrit phrase Param Asvadniya Tattava, which is essentially the essence of drama, through dramatic performance since it directly appeals to their sensory organs. In Rasadhaya of Natyashastra, Bharatmuni advanced the rasa idea.

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Mahesh Dattani, Rasa Theory, Karuna Rasa

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