Volume 13 | Issue 12 |

 Abstract

Abstract: In the era of digitalization, the hard cash transaction is fading away day by day due to the drastical introduction and impact of digital modes of payment and Unified Payment Interface System in the Indian Country. The digital payments have influenced the retailers to shift from cash mode of transaction to acceptance and adoption of varieties of digital payments including UPI. Since 2016, the UPI is playing its vital role but pandemic COVID-19 has made the UPI to play a role of hero in the field of digital payments. The UPI has secured a prominent place in the digital payments mode and it has become like a one of the essential factors in our daily life activities. The Indian Government and the NPCI has taken its step ahead in introduction of UPI with regulatory framework for supporting the retailers to adopt UPI in its daily business transactions. This paper is purely theoretical in nature and the study focuses on the adoption of the Unified Interface System by the retailers in India, factors which influences the retailers to adopt the UPI and barriers and issues faced by them in their day-to-day business activities.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

: UPI, Digital Payments, NPCI, Retailers, COVID-19

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Sheetpitta is a Trido?haja Vy?dhi with predominance of Pitta and V?ta Do?a, characterized by kandu, daha, toda, shotha and mandala utpatti, and can be clinically correlated with urticaria. Classical Ayurvedic texts such as Charaka Sa?hit? and A?h???ga H?daya advocate ?hodhana Chikits?, particularly Virechana Karma, for Pitta-dominant disorders involving Rakta Dh?tu. The present case study reports the therapeutic outcome of Virechana Karma in a 47-year-old female diagnosed with Sheetpitta Vy?dhi. The patient was managed with Deepana-Pachana, followed by Snehp?na using Guduchi Siddha Ghrita, Sarv??ga Abhyanga with Dashmool Taila, and Swedana as Purva karma. Virechana Karma was performed using Triv?ut Leha, followed by Sa?sarjana Krama and appropriate dietary regulation. Significant improvement was observed in itching, erythematous wheals, burning sensation, and frequency of recurrence, with sustained relief during follow-up and no adverse effects. This case highlights the effectiveness of classical Virechana Karma in the management of Sheetpitta by addressing the underlying Do?hic pathology rather than providing only symptomatic relief.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Sheetpitta,Urticaria, Virechana Karma, GuduchiSiddha Ghrita,Triv?ut Leha

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The present study investigates the differences in teaching aptitude toward Information and Communication Technology (ICT) among urban and rural school teachers. Recognizing the growing importance of ICT in enhancing teaching-learning processes, the study aims to examine whether geographical context influences teachers' ability and readiness to integrate digital technologies into classroom instruction. A descriptive survey method was employed, and data were collected from urban and rural teachers using a standardized teaching aptitude questionnaire. Descriptive statistics and an independent t-test were applied to analyze the data. The findings reveal a significant difference between urban and rural teachers' teaching aptitude toward ICT, with urban teachers demonstrating higher aptitude levels. The results indicate that contextual factors such as access to infrastructure, professional development opportunities, and institutional support play a crucial role in shaping ICT-related teaching aptitude. The null hypothesis stating no substantial difference between urban and rural teachers was rejected. The study underscores the need for targeted interventions to strengthen ICT integration in rural schools and highlights the importance of equitable educational policies to bridge the digital divide. The findings contribute valuable insights for educators, administrators, and policymakers seeking to promote inclusive and effective ICT-based education.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Keywords: Teaching Aptitude, ICT Integration, Urban Teachers, Rural Teachers, Digital Education, Teaching-Learning Process, Educational Technology, Professional Development, Digital Divide, School Education, ICT Infrastructure, Pedagogical Innovation

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Bow control and fingering accuracy are fundamental technical competencies in Carnatic violin performance, directly influencing tonal clarity, rhythmic precision, and r?ga bh?va. Traditional practice methods, while musically rich, often lack a standardized framework for systematic speed progression and measurable technical optimization. This study proposes a structured practice system for Carnatic violin based on the Nikola 3-6-9 speed principle, integrated with a r?ga-centric and step-wise training model. The proposed system organizes practice into progressive steps--Sarali swarams, Janta swarams, Alankarams, Dh?tu swarams, and upper and lower sth?yi exercises--implemented across four foundational Carnatic r?gas: Mayamalavagowla, Shankarabharanam, Kalyani, and Kharaharapriya. Each practice step is executed using a controlled speed escalation strategy, wherein first speed is practiced three times, second speed six times, and third speed nine times, ensuring gradual motor adaptation and consistency in bowing and fingering movements. An experimental study is designed involving intermediate-level Carnatic violin students, where technical parameters such as bow stability, note articulation accuracy, speed consistency, and tonal uniformity are observed and analyzed over a fixed training period. Comparative evaluation between traditional practice routines and the Nikola 3-6-9 structured approach demonstrates significant improvements in bow coordination, reduced fingering errors, and enhanced control at higher speeds. The findings suggest that the Nikola 3-6-9 structured practice system offers an effective pedagogical model for optimizing technical precision in Carnatic violin training. By combining traditional r?ga-based exercises with a disciplined speed framework, the study contributes a scalable and replicable methodology that can enhance both pedagogy and performance practice in Carnatic string music education. KEYWORDS: Carnatic Violin; Bow Control; Fingering Accuracy; Nikola 3-6-9 Technique; R?ga-Based Practice; Step-Wise Training Model; Speed Optimization; Violin Pedagogy; Technical Skill Development; Carnatic Music Education

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Carnatic Violin; Bow Control; Fingering Accuracy; Nikola 3-6-9 Technique; R?ga-Based Practice; Step-Wise Training Model; Speed Optimization; Violin Pedagogy; Technical Skill Development; Carnatic Music Education

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The survey of Hymenopteran insects was carried out during April 2024 to June 2024 in an around the campus area of G.S.College, Khamgaon Dist. Buldana. The college was established during 1947 and one of the biggest and oldest higher education institution in Western Vidarbha which is spread over 97 acres. The campus has rich diversity of flora and fauna .We employed five collection methods for the study. (viz. pitfall trap, including bee traps with sugar water or pheromones, smoke to calm the bees, photographic techniques for species identification, yellow pan trap, manual collection, light trap and yellow sticky trap etc) . About five distinct species were identified Apis mellifera (commercially significant). Apis indica, Apis dorsata (known for large, aggressive colonies). Apis florea (adapted to arid climates) and Apis indica. Species are documented and identified up to species eve using literature, research articles and online resources. Our finding may help to enhance the understanding of these bee distribution and behaviors, supporting local pollinator conservation efforts in the study area.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Hymenoptera, G.S. College Campus, pollinators, ecological roles.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Childhood is universally recognized as the most important phase of human development, shaping an individual's physical health, emotional stability, moral values, and intellectual capacity. Ideally, it should be a period filled with care, security, learning, and emotional support. However, in contemporary society, a large number of children experience a silent crisis marked by pressure, neglect, inequality, and emotional insecurity. Factors such as excessive academic expectations, child labor, poverty, digital addiction, family instability, and lack of emotional guidance have transformed childhood into a stressful and vulnerable stage of life. This paper explores the hidden struggles faced by children in modern society and examines how these challenges affect not only individual development but also the long-term social and economic health of nations. Addressing this crisis is essential for creating a humane, balanced, and progressive society.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Childhood Crisis, Child Development, Education Pressure, Child Welfare, Emotional Health, Social Responsibility

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

United Nations (UNO) laid down an agenda for 2030 which advocates for achieving (17) sustainable development goals (SDG's) by the year 2030 by all the countries. Among these (17) goals, first goal of SDG is "to end the poverty in all it's forms everywhere in the world by 2030. All SDG's are inter related and inter dependent on each other. The achievement of all other SDG's (16) depends on the achievement of SDG (01) i.e., the removal of poverty. India has also been a signatory to UN's agenda for 2030. Hence India has been committed to reduce it's poverty to zero by 2030. Poverty has been the greatest challenge and global problem that the Governments across the nations are facing in the contemporary world. According to poverty estimates of planning commission in (2011-12), there are still about 22% of people in the country are living below poverty line (BPL). In absolute terms large number of people i.e., 27 crores are BPL in India. In spite of implementation of various poverty alleviation programmes i.e., both self and wage employment programmes by both Central and State Governments in the last 70 years the problem is still rampant. In this scenario Indian knowledge system (IKS) appears to be a ray of hope and offers solutions to the contemporary problems of the society including poverty. Indian knowledge system is a system of knowledge and wisdom that have been transmitted from one generation to other in India. IKS includes the main components of Gnan (knowledge), Vignan (Science) and Jeevan (philosophy). The reservoir of India knowledge and wisdom emnates from the literature of Vedas (4),Upanishads, Upavedas etc and later vedic texts like Bhagavath Gita, Ardhashastra. Poverty is not just an economic problem of income or wealth. But it is a multi-dimensional phenomenon comprising of various like education, health, nutrition, sanitation, housing, safe drinking water etc. Indian knowledge system indeed is a way of life. It is inter disciplinary in nature and its diverse components like Science, Mathematics, Medicine, Astronomy, governance etc., offers integrated holistic approaches to alleviate the poverty both in India and at Global level. This article focuses on the systems and approaches of IKS to reduce the poverty and improve the standards of living and overall quality of life of people in India and world over.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Indian Knowledge System (IKS), Sustainable Development Goals (SDG), Poverty, Poverty Alleviation

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Lagenaria siceraria (bottle gourd), a Cucurbitaceae vine cultivated across tropical regions, is rich in moisture, fiber, vitamins, phytosterols, flavonoids, terpenoids, cucurbitacins, and bioactive polysaccharides. Its traditional uses--across fruit, leaves, seeds, and flowers--include managing diabetes, hypertension, liver disorders, insomnia, urinary issues, constipation, pain, and inflammation. Modern studies demonstrate antioxidant, antihyperlipidemic, antihyperglycemic, cardioprotective, hepatoprotective, immunomodulatory, diuretic, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, anthelmintic, adaptogenic, anticancer, and neuroprotective effects. Its broad pharmacological profile supports its role as a functional nutraceutical and medicinal food, particularly in metabolic and chronic disease prevention. Fermented bottle gourd beverages were prepared from 4 types of sugars (Table Sugar, Rock Sugar, Sugarcane Jaggery and Palm Jaggery). The study aimed to evaluate the influence of these sugar sources on the biochemical, functional, and sensory properties of fermented bottle gourd beverages. Fermentation significantly reduced pH, enhanced stability, and improved the release of phenolic compounds. Among the formulations, the palm jaggery-based beverage exhibited the highest antioxidant activity, maximum total phenolic content, elevated reducing sugars and the greatest ethanol yield, demonstrating superior functional enhancement during fermentation. Sugarcane jaggery also produced nutritionally favorable beverages, whereas refined sugars showed comparatively lower functional attributes. Sensory evaluation revealed strong consumer acceptability for all sugar-based formulations, with palm jaggery scoring highest for its distinctive aroma, color, and balanced taste profile. Overall, the findings highlight palm jaggery as the most effective sugar source for producing a nutritionally enriched, functionally potent, and sensorially appealing fermented bottle gourd beverage. The study underscores the potential of integrating traditional sweeteners with fermentation to develop affordable, value-added nutraceutical beverages with promising applications in the functional food and health industry.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Bottle gourd, beverages, cucurbitacins, sensory evaluation, ethanol, antioxidant activity

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The Exponentiated non-negative Rayleigh Poisson distribution is introduced in this research work by combining A new generalization of Rayleigh distribution; characteristics and applications with The Exponentiated G Poisson model. This study's primary goal is to use the power transformation technique to increase the Exponentiated G. Poisson distribution's flexibility. The new proposed model's probability density function, survival function, and hazard function are shown graphically. We examine this new distribution's characteristics, paying particular attention to its moments, skewness, kurtosis, mode, and quantile function. The probability-weighted moments, order statistics, R'enyi, entropies, and the residual life function have all been covered. We computed the log-likelihood, Bayesian, Akaike, and corrected Akaike information criteria and Hennan-Quinn information criteria of the following distributions: the newly proposed Exponentiated Rayleigh Poisson distribution, the Compound Rayleigh distribution, the Exponentiated Chen distribution, the Exponentiated Exponential distribution, the Exponentiated Inverted Weibull distribution, and the Generalized Rayleigh distribution. We discovered that the newly proposed model has smaller values than the others. For model validation, we have examined the TTT plot, Q-Q plot, Kolmogorov Smirnov test, and P-P plot of the suggested distribution. We contrasted the proposed model's estimated distributed function CDF and empirical distribution CDF with those of five other models. For illustrative purposes, an actual dataset is examined. By using various methods and resources, the new family's significance and adaptability are demonstrated. The paper is concluded with a final conclusion.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

New Generalization of Rayleigh Distribution, Exponentiated G Poisson Model, Probability Weighted Moments (PWM), Order Statistics, Maximum Likely-hood Estimation

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

A novel bis-oxime Schiff base ligand, Bis(2-hydroxyimino-1-phenylpropylidene)-1,2-diaminobenzene, was synthesized through the condensation of 1,2-diaminobenzene with 2-hydroxyimino-1-phenylpropan-1-one under controlled ethanolic conditions. The ligand was subsequently used to prepare Cu(II), Ni(II), and Co(II) complexes via direct metal-ligand reaction in alcoholic medium. The synthesized complexes were thoroughly characterized using elemental analysis, molar conductance, magnetic susceptibility, FT-IR, UV-Visible spectroscopy, and, wherever applicable, ESR measurements. The spectral data confirmed the successful coordination of the ligand through the oxime nitrogen and phenolic oxygen atoms, supporting a tetradentate N?O? donor mode. FT-IR spectra revealed characteristic shifts in ?(C=N), ?(N-O), and ?(O-H) vibrations upon complexation, while electronic spectra indicated the formation of octahedral structures for the Co(II) and Ni(II) complexes and a distorted square planar or square pyramidal geometry for the Cu(II) analogue. Magnetic moment values were consistent with their assigned geometries and oxidation states. The molar conductivity values suggested the non-electrolytic nature of all complexes. Thermal studies indicated that the complexes exhibit multi-step decomposition patterns, confirming the absence of coordinated or lattice water molecules. The overall analytical, spectral, and thermal results support the formation of stable, well-defined metal complexes with the designed bis-oxime Schiff base ligand. The study provides significant insights into the coordination behavior of oxime-based tetradentate ligands and their ability to stabilize transition metal ions in characteristic geometrical environments. A number of metal complexes of the types M?L, M?L?X? [M = Co(II), Ni(II); X = Cl?, Br?, I?] and Cu?LX? (X = Cl?, Br?), where H?L = bis(2-hydroxyimino-1-phenylpropylidene)-1,2-diaminobenzene have been synthesized and characterized.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Copper(II), Nickel(II) and Cobalt(II) complexes, Bis(2-hydroxyimino-1-phenylpropylidene)-1,2-diaminobenzene Spectroscopic characterization; FT-IR; UV-Visible spectroscopy; Magnetic susceptibility; Molar conductance; Geometry determination.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition