Volume 11 | Issue 12 |

 Abstract

This study attempts to examine the effect of school climate on the emotional intelligence of adolescents studying in secondary schools. The hypothesis of the study is that there is no significant effect of school climate on the intrapersonal awareness, interpersonal awareness, intrapersonal management, interpersonal management and emotional intelligence of adolescents studying in secondary schools. The researcher has used survey method in this study. The investigator adopted stratified random sampling technique to select ten secondary schools of district Haridwar. The investigator selected twenty students from each school. In this way, the investigator selected the required two hundred adolescent boys and girls randomly. Emotional intelligence is the dependent variable and school climate is the independent variable involved in the present study. Mean, S.D. and two-way analysis of variance have been used for the statistical analysis. Findings revealed that there was a significant effect of school climate on the intrapersonal awareness, interpersonal awareness, intrapersonal management and interpersonal management of adolescents. Adolescent boys and girls who get good school climate had highest intrapersonal awareness, interpersonal awareness, intrapersonal management and interpersonal management. Significant effect of gender has been found on the emotional intelligence of adolescents. Adolescent girls had better emotional intelligence as compared to adolescent boys. There has been found a significant effect of school climate on the emotional intelligence of adolescents. Adolescent boys and girls who get good school climate had highest emotional intelligence. Interaction of gender and school climate has not been found to create a significant effect on the emotional intelligence of adolescents. Adolescent boys who get good school climate had highest emotional intelligence.

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 Keywords

School Climate, Intrapersonal Awareness, Interpersonal Awareness, Intrapersonal Management, Interpersonal Management and Emotional Intelligence.

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This study investigates the impact of agricultural mechanisation and migrant labour on female work participation in Palakkad district of Kerala an area known for its agrarian economy and high reliance on female labour in paddy cultivation. While mechanisation has enhanced productivity, it has simultaneously displaced many women from traditional agricultural roles due to limited access to technology, training, and ownership. The influx of male migrant workers from other Indian states has further reduced employment opportunities for local women, exacerbating wage disparities and social exclusion. Using a mixed-methods approach, including surveys and interviews with 50 female agricultural workers and relevant stakeholders, the study reveals a sharp decline in female workdays, increasing economic vulnerability, and gendered barriers in accessing mechanised employment. The findings underscore the urgent need for gender-inclusive agricultural policies, skill development programs, and regulated labour practices to mitigate the socio-economic displacement of women in agriculture.

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 Keywords

Female work Participation, Mechanisation, Migrant Workers

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The recognition of handwritten characters, numbers, special characters and mathematical expressions is difficult and challenging task and encourages a several applications, for example, text reader, bank check preparing system and many more. The framework capacities by performing four operations: preprocessing, feature extraction, segmentation and classification. Converts an input image into gray scale image, and then resize the image to standard size, and finally getting binary image of resized image. Segmentation of the preprocessed image by morphological operations like thinning should be done. In this work, for recognition of handwritten characters, number and mathematical symbols using zone based statistical feature extraction technique is proposed. The zone based statistical technique works in two stages. During training stage, the zone based statistical features are extracted from training tests and knowledge base is constructed. During testing stage, the image is prepared to acquire zone based statistical features and recognition of mathematical symbols is done using nearest-neighbour (K-NN) classifier. The strategy is robust and insensitive to variety in style, skew and different corruptions. The recognition exactness of 90% is accomplished.

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 Keywords

Segmentation, Image Processing, Normalization, symbol extraction.

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Juvenile delinquency is a significant social issue that stems from various individual, familial, societal, and economic factors. This paper explores the root causes of juvenile delinquency, including broken family structures, lack of education, peer pressure, poverty, and exposure to violence. Psychological and biological influences also play a crucial role in shaping delinquent behavior. The effects of juvenile delinquency extend beyond the individual, impacting families, communities, and the criminal justice system. Understanding these causes and effects is essential for developing effective intervention strategies, legal frameworks, and rehabilitation programs. By addressing the underlying factors, society can reduce juvenile delinquency and promote the reintegration of young offenders into mainstream society.

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Juvenile Delinquency: Cause and Effect

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Flatcherie disease is caused by Bacillus thuringiensis Var Sotto, pathogen by the ingestion of contaminated food plant leaves by Mulberry silkworm Bombyx mori L. It is often claimed that and Pasteur (1865) proved that "Nosema and Flacherie" is transmitted from generation to generation through the egg and contagious. On reviewing Pasteur's orginal work on "Flacherie" however, one is certainly not impressed with the fact that any evidence exists which proves that bacteria pass through the eggs of silkworms. Some evidence is advanced to show that the disease-producing bacillus is not transmitted from generation to generation through the egg. It is further shown that the bacillus is probably not very resistant to its environment and does not survive for any great length of time on the exterior of the eggs. The disease-producing bacillus was not recovered either from the exterior or from the interior of the eggs. One of the tests with 80 per cent alcohol yielded a growth, but the bacillus in question was not found. The broth tubes in which the eggs were crushed without the previous sterilization of the exterior yielded growths, but subsequent work involving a study of four organisms recovered did not demonstrate the presence of the disease producing bacillus.R. W. GLASER(1924).

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Rate of Horizontal and Vertical Transmission of Bacillus thuringiensis causing Flatcherie disease and its effect on commercial characters of cocoons of Mulberry silkworm Bombyx mori L.

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The purpose of this study was to determine the levels of essential and non-essential metals in sesame seeds (Sesamum indicum L.). Twenty five accessions of sesame seeds were analysed through Atomic Absorption spectrophotometer for the levels of Fe, Zn, Cu, and Pb. Five gm of dried and homogenized samples were digested using 30 mL of HNO3 (70%) and 25 mL of HCl (37%) at 120oC for 5 hours. The efficiency of the procedure was validated by spiking and the percent recovery for all studied metals varied from 80-133%. The mean levels of the metals (mg L-1) were found in the ranges 24.0 to 108, 10.75 to 79.7, 6.0 to 19.3, 0.01 to 0.08 for Fe, Zn, Cu and Pb, respectively. Analysis of variance at 95% confidence level indicated significant variations only for Cu and Zn. Thus, the sesame seeds analysed are safe for human consumption.

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KEY WORDS: Sesamum indicum L., Essential metals, Non-Essential metals

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Conflicts between foreign invaders and indigenous peoples were the early outcome of India's history of external aggressions. A multicultural and multi-religious society emerged in India as a result of the immigrants' efforts at assimilation and tolerance. Nevertheless, vivid recollections of intense conflicts persist. Preceding the British conquest, the Mughal period was characterised by constant warfare between rival province administrations and the expanding Mughal Empire, which devastated local populations, destroyed places of worship, and looted valuables. Coercive or seductive conversions severed the conquered population's weaker and more vulnerable members from their old religious connections. After the Muslim monarchs were deposed by the British, they became impoverished and joined forces with other non-Muslims in the population to fight for the freedom of their adopted nation. This social phenomenon was crucial to the Indian independence movement because it united people of many ethnicities and religions in resistance to British colonization. All religions and faiths are offspring of Mother India, according to the famous couplet "Hindu, Muslim, Sikh, Isai, Bharat Mata Sabki Hai" (Hindu, Muslim, Sikh, and Christians are all children of Mother India). At the behest of the rulers and across the Indian political system, the sectarian virus spread rapidly throughout the British era. When the British initially came to power in India, they clashed with the Muslim nobility. The crumbling Islamic administrations laid the groundwork for the British empire, which began a slow but steady process of removing the Muslim elites from power in India. At the same time, they rallied behind the Hindu elite, who were against modernizing and blocked their people from learning English. In contrast to the Indian National Congress, whose members did not identify with any particular sect, the All-India Muslim League had a more secular agenda. Several prominent Hindu groups, like the Punjab Hindu Sabha and the United Bengal Hindu Movement, chose to organise in reaction to the Muslim League's formation. The establishment of an All-India Hindu Maha Sabha in Allahabad in December 1913 highlighted the organization's dedication to safeguarding the interests of the whole Hindu community and its inclusiveness.

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Hindu, Muslim, All India Muslim League, Modern History

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Carbapenems, Mitsunobu reaction, Deprotection, Disulfides

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The Co-ordination of chemistry in the field of medical science is appreciable in treating metal poisoning by chelation therapy with the help of chelating agents, the co-ordination compounds play an important role in the biological system and the current Chelating agents form soluble stable non-toxic complexes which can readily be excreted elements which are commonly available in nature are non-toxic at normal levels but they are harmful at higher concentrations. The elements like As, Pb, Cd, Hg etc. entered in to ecosystem with rapid progress of our civilization. The living kingdom is exposed to such uncommon elements leading to adverse effect (or) Toxic effect there are certain agents which reduces the toxic effect of chelating agent due to the stable complex form of chelating agents and it shield effects to toxic metal its may also shield the biological effects and reduced the toxicity, chelating agents may expose metal to the biological environment and prevent the metal from being scavenged by biological protective mechanism. There by toxicity may increase. Example: DDC (Diethy ldithio carbamate) which enhances brain deposition of Cd, PB, Ni, Cu, Zn, Hg etc. The DL-Pencillamine is one of the potential chelating agents which are used for detoxification. It's a drug use for treating patients suffering from Wilson's disease it also create urinary excretion of copper metal from the biological system. This article includes the formation of mixed and binary ligand complexes of DL-Pencillamine with N-O- donors and toxic metals.

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FORMATION OF BINARY AND MIXED LIGAND COMPLEXES OF DL- PENCILLAMINE AND ITS TOXIC METALS

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