Volume 11 | Issue 12 |

 Abstract

The term ''Biodiversity,'' short for ''Biological diversity,'' has gained widespread attention during the last two decade. It's risen to prominence on the international political stage. The concern for biodiversity has arisen from to streams of developments - the increasing loss of biodiversity and habitats on the one hand and the rapidly growing recognition of the economic importance of biodiversity. The Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) was adopted in 1992 at the Rio Earth Summit. India is signatory to this convention, it has three primary objectives: conservation of biodiversity, the sustainable use of its components, and the fair and equitable sharing of benefits arising from the use of genetic resources. To promote the objective the convention the Indian Government enacted The Biological Diversity Act 2002. The Act aims to provide conserve biodiversity established three tier systems of authorities, National Biodiversity Authorities, State Biodiversity Boards and local Biodiversity Management Committees. In this paper on Author make some attempt analyses the role of the Karnataka State Biodiversity Board in the conservation and management of the state's rich biodiversity.

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Karnataka Biodiversity Board, conservation of biodiversity, State Biodiversity Boards, Biological Diversity Act.

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In this paper, we provide the analysis of the natural transformation for certain distribution spaces in terms of the fractional integral and differential operators of the transform. There are two parts to this composition. The first is a brief introduction to fractional operators and the less researched and well-known natural transform. The basis for the research study is the understanding that the fractional integral and the Laplace and Sumudu transforms may be expressed as one of the appropriate representations of the Abel integral problem.

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Derivatives, Natural transformation, Integrals, Equation

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

यह अध्ययन सरकारी और निजी बी.एड कॉलेज शिक्षकों की शिक्षण प्रभावशीलता और शिक्षण पेशे में समायोजन का पता लगाने के लिए किया गया था। शोधकर्ताओं ने यादृच्छिक रूप से 150 बी.एड कॉलेज शिक्षकों का एक नमूना चुना। कर्नाटक राज्य के धारवाड़ जिले से कक्षा 9 और 10 के 75 निजी तौर पर प्रबंधित बी.एड शिक्षकों और 75 सरकारी तौर पर प्रबंधित बी.एड कॉलेज शिक्षकों का चयन किया गया। यह अध्ययन दर्शाता है कि सरकारी और निजी बी.एड कॉलेज शिक्षकों की शिक्षण प्रभावशीलता में महत्वपूर्ण अंतर है।

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समायोजन, शिक्षण प्रभावशीलता।

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India is a country where sports play a vital role in one's life. The country has served as a hot spot for various emerging sports. Apart from this, India has been the centre of Sporting systems over the past two decades. Over the past two decades or so, there has been a significant shift in India concerning the commercialization of sports. This is the result of economic liberalization and media expansion along with corporate funding and the beginning of professional leagues. This Research paper aims to analyze the role of media, sponsorships, and private investments by various houses on the sports of India and why sports is being commercialized. Trends concerning revenue generation, viewership, market growth, and other factors are analyzed and represented graphically. Apart from these, the research also focuses on the athletes, fans, and the impact of sports commercialization on the sports ecosystem as a whole. These financial shifts and enhancements to varying degrees of competition and ethics indicate that there is a rising financial concern in sports, even though commercialization appears to be beneficial to some domains within the sports structure.

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India is a country where sports play a vital role in one's life. The country has served as a hot spot for various emerging sports. Apart from this, India has been the centre of Sporting systems over the past two decades. Over the past two decades or so, there has been a significant shift in India concerning the commercialization of sports. This is the result of economic liberalization and media expansion along with corporate funding and the beginning of professional leagues. This Research p

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The New Education Policy 2020 (NEP 2020) is a comprehensive transformation initiative in the Indian education system, aimed at providing quality, inclusive, flexible and skill-based education.This research evaluates the implementation and impact of this policy at the grassroots level.The study found that the policy has introduced innovations such as pre-primary education, teaching in mother tongue, flexible curriculum, and digital learning, which have shown signs of improvement in the quality of education in rural areas.However, factors such as lack of infrastructure, lack of technical resources, unavailability of trained teachers and lack of awareness are hindering the effective implementation of the policy. Despite this, NEP 2020 has generated new thinking and interest towards education in villages and small towns. This research suggests that if the policy is implemented according to local needs and government and social support is increased, it can change the scenario of education in India from the grassroots level.

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Evaluation of the new education policy at the grass root level

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Women empowerment refers to the process of enhancing the social, political, educational, economic, and cultural status of women. In India, the Panchayati Raj system, a system of local self-governance, plays a central role in decentralizing power and promoting inclusive governance. The 73rd Constitutional Amendment (1992) mandated the reservation of one-third of the seats for women in Panchayati (local governing bodies), which has helped increase womens participation in decision-making processes. In Haryana, the Panchayati Raj Institutions (PRIs) serve as an effective tool for promoting women's empowerment at the grassroots level. This study explores how women's involvement in PRIs in Haryana has contributed to their empowerment.

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Study on Women Empowerment through Panchayati Raj Institutions in Haryana

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This study explores the changing position of women in Indian society from the ancient period to the present day. It traces the historical evolution of women's roles through various stages--beginning with the primitive and Vedic periods, followed by the epic and medieval eras, British colonial rule, and post-independence India. The paper examines how religious beliefs, cultural practices, social structures, and political developments have influenced the status and rights of women over time. While early texts and traditions show women as respected and even revered figures, later periods saw a decline in their status due to patriarchal norms and restrictive customs. The colonial era brought both challenges and reform movements that addressed women's education, rights, and social conditions. Post-independence, the Indian Constitution guaranteed gender equality and empowered women legally, socially, and politically. Despite significant progress in education, employment, and political participation, Indian women still face issues such as gender-based violence, economic inequality, and social discrimination. The paper concludes that although challenges remain, ongoing legal reforms, awareness campaigns, and social movements continue to push toward a more equitable and inclusive society for women.

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Gender, Reform, Literature, Property, Equality, Status

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Abstract: The Char areas of Assam, formed by the shifting sandbars of the Brahmaputra River, are among the most economically and socially marginalized regions in the state. This paper explores the multifaceted nature of poverty in these regions and its profound impact on the lives of the Char people, who are predominantly engaged in subsistence agriculture and unskilled labor. Recurrent flooding, erosion, and geographic isolation severely restrict access to basic infrastructure, education, healthcare, and livelihood opportunities, thereby perpetuating a cycle of deprivation. The study highlights how poverty not only affects economic well-being but also exacerbates social exclusion, particularly among women and children. Issues such as displacement, illiteracy, child labor, early marriage, and political disenfranchisement are prevalent and interconnected. Although various government schemes aim to alleviate rural poverty, inadequate implementation and lack of targeted interventions in the Char areas have limited their effectiveness. The paper calls for a comprehensive, context-specific policy approach that addresses both the structural causes of poverty and the unique vulnerabilities of the Char population. Empowering local communities through inclusive development, social protection, and better governance is essential for sustainable change.

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Keyword: Literacy, Poverty, Erosion, Immnigrant, BPL, Flood etc

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The Kale River Basin in the Eastern Himalayas presents a dynamic hydrological system shaped by intense monsoonal rainfall, diverse land use patterns, and complex topography. This study investigates the interrelationship between rainfall, land use, surface runoff, and channel discharge over three hydrological years (2020-2023) using field-based experiments, remote sensing, and geospatial analysis. Results indicate a strong correlation between rainfall variability and both surface runoff and river discharge, with barren and agricultural lands showing the highest runoff sensitivity. Forested areas, while contributing significantly to total runoff, showed a moderate response, indicating their role in buffering hydrological extremes. Surface runoff and channel discharge accounted for an average of 78.2% and 70.6% of the total water volume, respectively, highlighting rapid conversion of rainfall into flow with limited groundwater recharge. The increasing discharge trend corresponds with rising rainfall and changing land use, highlighting the integrated watershed management. This study emphasizes the need for sustainable land-use practices, forest conservation, and enhanced water retention strategies to mitigate flood risks and ensure long-term hydrological resilience in the ecologically fragile Eastern Himalayan region.

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Kale River Basin, hydrological dynamics, surface runoff, channel discharge, rainfall variability, landuse, Eastern Himalayas, watershed management, LULC, sustainable water resources.

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Gandhi was not a conscious theoretician. His entire life symbolizes a relentless search for Truth. Truth and Non-violence are the two pillars on which is entire philosophy rests. In his constant fight against injustice and untruth, it was difficult for him to compartmentalize the social, political economic and ethical issues. Gandhi firmly believed that, "the whole gamut of man's activities today constitute an indivisible whole. You can not divide social, economic, political and purely religious aspects into water tight compartments".1

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The Constitutive Concept of Gandhian Swaraj

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