Volume 13 | Issue 12 |

 Abstract

Data Science refers to an inventory of principles, problem definition, algorithm and processes that aim at extracting non-obivious and significant pattern from huge datasets. The terms Data Science, Machine Learning are oftenly utilized.

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 Keywords

Machine Learning, Statistical Modelling, Data Analysis, Predictive Analytics, Data Mining, Data Visualization, Data Wrangling/Munging Data Cleaning, Hypothesis Testing, Regression.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

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Tinospora Cordifolia, Pharmacological Activity, Active components, Nutritional Potential, Anti-inflammatory, Medicinal plant, Gulvel, Anti-oxidant.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

This study presents the synthesis, characterization, and performance evaluation of cardanol-phenol-formaldehyde (CPF) resin as a sustainable alternative to conventional phenol-formaldehyde (PF) resin for plywood manufacturing. Cardanol, a renewable phenolic compound derived from cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL), was utilized as a partial substitute for petroleum-based phenol. CPF resins with varying cardanol substitution levels (10-50%) were synthesized via base-catalyzed polymerization, and their physicochemical properties, bonding performance, and curing behaviour were evaluated. Results demonstrated that up to 30% substitution provides optimal viscosity, solid content, gel time, and bonding strength comparable to commercial PF resins. The study confirms cardanol's potential as a bio-based feedstock for eco-friendly plywood adhesives.

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organic resin , Cardanol Resin

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Cardiac arrest remains a critical medical emergency with high mortality rates, often occurring without warning and outside clinical settings. Traditional healthcare lacks continuous, real-time monitoring and primarily focuses on post-event treatment. So we integrated sensors like ECG, PULSE RATE, TEMPERATURE sensors to a microcontroller esp32 to get real-time cardiac arrest prediction using machine learning algorithms like Random Forest, K-Nearest Neighbour (KNN), Weighted KNN.

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Cardiac arrest, ECG, KNN, ThingSpeak cloud, Remote Healthcare, low cost, Real-time monitoring

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 Abstract

Katherine Mansfield's "The Fly" (1922) remains one of the most psychologically nuanced explorations of grief and mortality in modernist fiction. Beneath its seemingly trivial narrative--a businessman torturing a fly caught in ink--lies a complex allegory of human suffering, repression, and the inevitability of death. This paper interprets the fly as a central symbol through which Mansfield articulates the fragility of life and the persistence of psychological trauma. The boss's manipulation of the fly mirrors his unconscious struggle to confront the loss of his son in World War I, transforming an act of cruelty into an externalization of internal conflict.Drawing on psychoanalytic, existential, and modernist approaches, the study demonstrates how Mansfield translates private grief into universal symbolism. The fly's futile attempts to survive, the boss's mechanical gestures, and the sterile office setting together reveal the desensitization of a post-war generation and the moral void left by modern industrial civilization. Mansfield's minimalist technique--her controlled diction, silences, and irony--renders the story both emotionally restrained and symbolically profound.By situating "The Fly" within the psychological and historical contexts of early twentieth-century trauma, this paper argues that the story's true power lies in its transformation of everyday detail into a meditation on mortality and existential despair. The fly emerges not merely as a victim but as a mirror of human endurance and futility--an image of man's perpetual struggle against decay, time, and the emptiness of remembrance.

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 Keywords

Mansfield, mortality, grief, repression, symbolism, trauma, modernism

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Imagine a system where bank transfers between countries happen in seconds, not days, where contracts execute themselves, and every transaction is locked in a permanent, unchangeable record. This isn't science fiction--it's the promise of blockchain technology for banking. But this powerful new tool is crashing headfirst into our old-world legal systems, creating a messy but fascinating puzzle. On one hand, blockchain could be a game-changer. It cuts out expensive middlemen, makes fraud incredibly difficult, and allows for "smart contracts" that automate deals without lawyers or delays. For banks, this means massive savings, faster services, and stronger security .On the other hand, it raises huge legal questions. How do you apply old rules about customer privacy to a system where data, once written, can never be erased? Who's responsible when a self-executing smart contract has a bug and sends money to the wrong place? Regulators are scrambling to catch up, trying to figure out if digital tokens are property, currency, or something entirely new, as seen in big court cases like the SEC's battle with Ripple .This paper digs into that clash. We look at how banks are starting to use blockchain, the legal headaches it creates--especially around privacy laws like GDPR--and the slow, uncertain journey governments are on to build new rules. The bottom line? The technology is sprinting ahead, but our laws are still learning to walk. Finding the right balance between innovation and protection is the biggest challenge of all.

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 Keywords

Immutable ledger,blockchain technology,GDPR,smart contracts,bitcoins,cryptocurrency

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 Abstract

The worldwide expansion of the Internet of Things (IoT) has been characterized by significant growth, as seen by the widespread use of diverse devices in domains such as housing environments, transportation systems, healthcare facilities and industrial sectors. The introduction and integration of the IoT concept in industrial environments has resulted in significant modifications to the architecture of Industrial Automation and Control Systems (IACS), as well as the widespread interconnectivity of various industrial systems. The outcome of this development is often known as the Industrial IoT(IIoT), which eliminates the obstacle of linking IACS with separate traditional Information and Communication Technology (ICT) platforms. In contemporary times, the IoT has begun to affect upon our individual lives and extend its influence beyond our immediate surroundings, therefore establishing a foundation for imminent cyber-attacks targeting the IoT. The extensive utilization of the IoT has produced a productive ground for potential assaults against IoT systems. Machine learning (ML) algorithms have been used as effective tools for enhancing the security of wireless communication in IIoT-based systems, as well as addressing a range of cyber security issues. Hence, this study presents an improved ensemble model for intrusion detection that utilizes Firefly Algorithm (FA) to classify hostile behaviors in network data within the context of IIoT. The performance of the proposed model was evaluated usingprecision, recall, F1 score,accuracy, F2 score and ROC-AUC metrics on the X-IIoTIDDataset, which is an IIoT-based cyber security dataset. The obtained findings were compared to those of other recent state-of-the-art ML models, and it was observed that our model exhibited superior performance.

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 Keywords

ML, IoT, IIoT, Attack, Security, Optimization, IDS

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

"Children today are always fond of digital technology, and they can handle everything in their own way. They also use digital tools in their studies, and as a result, children's IQ levels have increased significantly in 2025."Digital literacy has become a fundamental competency for young learners navigating an increasingly technology-driven world. This paper examines how digital tools, interactive media, and online learning environments enhance foundational skills such as critical thinking, creativity, communication, and early computational reasoning among primary school children aged 6-12. Grounded in constructivist and socio-digital learning theories, the study analyzes the cognitive, social, and behavioral benefits of integrating digital literacy into early education.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Digital Literacy, Primary Education, 21st-Century Skills, Technology Integration, Digital Pedagogy

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Background : A significant problem is medication non-compliance, particularly among chronically ill and elderly patients. According to studies, almost half of patients do not take their medications as directed, which results in bad therapeutic results and higher medical expenses . One promising remedy for this problem is the use of technology in medication reminder systems . However, older adults' ability to use current systems is limited by their frequent lack of features like voice reminders, multilingual support, and direct connectivity to smartphones or healthcare providers . Objective : Through voice alerts, multilingual support, and Bluetooth connectivity with smartphones for improved monitoring and user-friendliness, this study aims to create and assess a smart medication reminder device that improves patient compliance. Method : In order to provide reminders for medication time, dosage, and schedule, the device combines hardware and software technology. It gathers reminder data and syncs it with a smartphone application that is connected. To help older users and those with low literacy, the system also enables language and tone customization. Result : In comparison to more conventional reminder techniques like SMS alerts, the suggested reminder system increased adherence by guaranteeing timely medication intake, decreasing missed doses, and raising user satisfaction, according to preliminary evaluation and user feedback . Conclusion - Medication reminders with a technological component are essential for lowering therapeutic failures brought on by non-compliance. The created tool provides a practical, easy-to-use, and efficient way to help older patients and those with long-term illnesses take their medications as prescribed.

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 Keywords

Medication Reminder Device, Patient Compliance, Bluetooth Connectivity, Voice Alert, Elderly Care, Technology

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The rapid advancement of innovative technologies has reshaped industries and everyday life, but it has also given rise to new cybersecurity challenges. As organizations integrate cutting-edge technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI), the Internet of Things (IoT), blockchain, and cloud computing, they are faced with an evolving threat landscape that demands more robust and adaptive security strategies. This paper explores the key cybersecurity challenges in the era of these emerging technologies, including increased attack surfaces, the complexity of securing multi-cloud and IoT environments, the growing sophistication of cyberattacks like ransomware and advanced persistent threats (APT), and the shortage of skilled cybersecurity professionals. Additionally, the paper highlights emerging trends and technologies such as Zero Trust architecture, artificial intelligence for threat detection, quantum computing's impact on encryption, and the role of privacyenhancing technologies. By examining these developments, the study aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the current cybersecurity landscape, the innovative technologies reshaping it, and strategies for mitigating risks in an increasingly digital and interconnected world. Through this analysis, organizations can better understand how to balance innovation with security, ensuring a resilient defense against evolving cyber threats.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Cybersecurity, Innovative Technologies, Internet of Things (IoT), Artificial Intelligence (AI), Blockchain, Cloud Computing, Cyber Threats, Ransomware, Advanced Persistent Threats (APT), Zero Trust Architecture, Threat Detection, Quantum Computing, Encryption, Privacy Enhancing Technologies, Cybersecurity Challenges, Emerging Trends, Digital Transformation, Risk Mitigation, Cyber Defense, Security Strategies

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition