Volume 12 | Issue 12 |

 Abstract

Dementia is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that significantly impacts cognitive functions, behavior, and daily living activities. Its multifaceted nature necessitates the use of standardized assessment tools to evaluate its severity and progression. This article explores the various scales used for assessing dementia, focusing on their clinical relevance and application in different contexts. Finally, underscoring the importance of continued efforts in advancing dementia care and improving quality of life for affected individuals.

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 Keywords

Dementia, Cognition, Visual, Spatial, Alzheimer's disease

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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As of 2021, India has over 5,000+ best Nursing colleges in various states of India. These top Nursing colleges in India are divided by ownership where 2,000+ colleges are owned by private institutions, 400+ are owned by the government and 300+ are under semi-government institutions. BSc, GNM, ANM, BSc (Post Basic), UG Diploma, MSc, etc. Government of India, Ministry of Human Resource Development has established NAAC under UGC and NBA under AICTE in 1994 to look into the quality aspects of HEI and undertake accreditation of the HEI. Nursing institutions can go for NAAC accreditation for institution as well as NBA accreditation for individual programmes. Due to implementation of RUSA which shall be funding the HEI, and the mandatory clause imposed by NBA of accreditation for capacity enhancement e.t.c. Moreover, NBA accreditation is a prerequisite for the technical institutions to seek autonomous status from university. This paper studies the commonalities and differences between NBA and NAAC accreditation for Nursing institutions in India.

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Accreditation, NCI, Nursing Institutions HEI, IQAC, NAAC, NBA, Nursing, SSR.

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This article explores the multifaceted roles of cuttlefish, particularly focusing on Sepia officinalis, in enhancing human health. It discusses the biological characteristics of cuttlefish, including their unique anatomy and intelligence, and highlights the significance of their ink, which contains melanin and various bioactive compounds. The ink exhibits antimicrobial and potential anticancer properties, along with effects on hematopoiesis, hypertension, inflammation, and oxidative stress. Additionally, the article examines the role of estrogen and its receptors in cephalopods, detailing their involvement in reproductive processes and the broader implications for understanding endocrine functions in invertebrates. A comparative analysis of symptoms associated with cuttlefish ink and hypoestrogenemia further underscores its potential health benefits. This comprehensive overview emphasizes the importance of further research into cephalopod biology and its applications in medicine, potentially leading to novel therapeutic approaches.

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 Keywords

Sepia - Cuttlefish - Cephalopoda - Cuttlebone - Ink composition - Melanin - Health benefits - Antimicrobial properties - Anticancer effects - Immune enhancement - Anti-inflammatory properties - Oestrogen receptor - Hormonal regulation - Reproductive health - Nutritional value - Tissue expression - Environmental adaptations - Endocrine disruptors - Neuroprotective effects - Photoprotection - Antioxidant activity - Aquatic health impacts - Natural remedies

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Security, be it personal or professional, has become indispensable in this cutting edge and quick paced world. Most common types of security systems are physical security system that involves the use of a variety of means and devices and Commercial security involving the use of sophisticated devices and trained security guards. Slumbering while on duty is given significance as it might unfavourably influence the performance. It might, moreover, be unsafe in situations where a representative's obligation to guard and restrain a dangerous circumstances is ignored. The increasing demand for effective security measures has driven the development of innovative solutions to ensure the reliability and efficiency of security personnel. This project presents a comprehensive monitoring system for security guards using Internet of Things (IoT) and Radio-Frequency Identification (RFID) technologies. The primary objective is to address the prevalent issue of guards falling asleep during duty, thereby enhancing the overall security protocol. Our proposed system integrates RFID tags and readers to track the presence and movements of security guards within the designated premises. IoT sensors and devices are deployed to monitor real-time environmental conditions and detect any unusual activities. The collected data is transmitted to a centralized server, where it is analyzed to provide insights and alerts for prompt action. This system not only ensures that guards remain vigilant but also allows for remote supervision and real-time reporting. By leveraging IoT and RFID technologies, the system aims to offer a robust and scalable solution for security management, ensuring that security personnel adhere to their duties effectively.

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 Keywords

Radio Frequency, Internet of Things, Security, Blynk

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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In this study, a series of novel Synthesis of (2,4-dimethoxy-3-((2-phenylthiazol-5-yl)methoxy)phenyl)(phenyl)methanones(8a-p), were synthesized from condensation of an equimolar quantity of aryl (3- hydroxy-2, 4-dimethoxyphenyl) methanones(4a-d) and 5-(chloromethyl)-2-phenylthiazole(7a-d) in DMF solvent by employing anhydrous potassium carbonate (K2CO3) as a base. The chemical structure of the synthesized novel compounds was characterized by analytical and spectral (FTIR, 1HNMR, 13CNMR and HRMS) techniques. The desired title compounds were screened for qualitative (zone of inhibition) analysis by agar well method, respectively. Among the synthesized compounds in the series, the compounds 8f and 8g were found to show major antibacterial activity at a lower concentration, against Gram-positive bacteria such as Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus and Gram-negative bacteria such as Salmonella typhimurium, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Klebsiella pneumoniae. The rest of the compounds exhibited ample antibacterial activity compared to Chloramphenicol's standard positive controls.

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2,6-dimethoxy phenol, aryl (3-hydroxy2, 4-dimethoxyphenyl) methanones, 5-(chloromethyl)-2-phenylthiazole, (2,4-dimethoxy-3-((2-phenylthiazol-5-yl)methoxy)phenyl)(phenyl)methanones,agar well method, antibacterial activity.

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Contributing predominantly to both acute and chronic disease affecting the liver, drug-induced liver injury leads to higher morbidity and mortality cases. This extensive review paper presents an in-depth analysis about knowledge state on DILI related to its pathophysiology, clinical presentations, diagnostics troubles and treatment strategies. The review of the literature shows that DILI is a complex condition, involving pharmacological, environmental, and genetic variables. The clinical appearance may vary widely from slight increases in liver enzymes to severe liver failure. The time interval between drug intake and the onset of symptoms also varies greatly. This review focuses on the strong need for early DILI diagnosis and treatment to avert liver failure and promote prognosis. We also take into account contemporary diagnostic modalities and treatment strategies, which may include imaging studies, liver biopsies, and biomarkers. This research, therefore, calls for basic scientists, pharmacologists, and clinicians to tackle DILI in a multidisciplinary approach. To enhance better understanding of this complex phenomenon and to encourage further study in this area, this paper attempts to present a comprehensive overview of DILI.

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DILI, Hepatotoxicity, Liver Injury, Toxicity, Drug Induced Liver Injury

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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This paper discusses the challenges associated with measuring customer-perceived reliability for conversational AI assistants and proposes a framework to measure the reliability of such assistants. We first provide an overview of conversational AI assistants and propose a dimensional approach to defining reliability that covers the broad range of use-cases served by these assistants. We analyze existing mechanisms used to measure reliability of assistants and discuss challenges presented by the new wave of assistants powered by Large Language Models (LLMs). The proposed solution framework leverages end-to-end telemetry, feedback collection through real-time sentiment analysis, and offline analysis of interaction logs by generative models to provide a comprehensive view of reliability. This research's framework includes further analysis of data to identify the source of defects and feed information back to the assistant, enabling the assistant to adjust its responses as needed. By building on recent progress in LLMs, this framework tackles issues such as context-awareness, external tool integration and scalability. Finally, this work offers tangible ideas for implementation while considering real world limitations around cost, privacy, and compliance with regulations.

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artificial intelligence, chatbots, conversational AI, customer experience, reliability measurement, voice assistants

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The article provides a thorough overview of the extraction methods, properties, compositions, and industrial applications of lemongrass essential oil. Traditionally, lemongrass (Cymbopogon Citratus) essential oil has been utilized for centuries in medicine to enhance blood circulation, treat fevers and malaria, aid digestion, and boost the immune system. Lemongrass essential oil finds extensive use across various industries, including aromatherapy, food and beverage, pharmaceuticals, fragrance and flavor, agriculture and livestock, cosmetics and soaps, as well as household products. The quality of lemongrass essential oil is significantly influenced by the extraction method and the conditions under which it is obtained. Various extraction techniques can be employed to obtain lemongrass essential oil, such as steam distillation, Soxhlet extraction, ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE), hydrodistillation (HD), microwave-assisted hydrodistillation (MAHD), and supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) using carbon dioxide. The Key physicochemical properties of lemongrass oil include specific gravity, optical rotation, refractive index, citral content, freezing point, moisture content, acid value, ester value, carbonyl value, and phenol content. It is important to note that the chemical composition of lemongrass essential oil can vary based on factors such as geographical location, cultivation methods, plant age, photoperiod, harvest time, cultivars, and extraction techniques. To address the limitations of traditional distillation methods, environmentally friendly extraction technologies like supercritical fluid extraction (SFE), steam distillation extraction (SDE) and microwave-assisted hydrodistillation (MAHD) should be considered for industrial-scale production of lemongrass oil.

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 Keywords

Extraction, lemongrass, isolation, Essential oil

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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This study compares the clinical performance of the Laryngeal Mask Airway ProSeal (LMA ProSeal) and the Classic Laryngeal Mask Airway (Classic LMA) in patients undergoing minor surgical procedures. Both devices are widely used for airway management in anesthesia, but differences in design and function may influence patient safety, efficacy, and ease of use. The primary endpoints evaluated were ease of insertion, airway sealing pressure, and perioperative complications. The study's findings suggest that while both devices are effective, the LMA ProSeal offers superior airway sealing and reduced postoperative complications, particularly for procedures requiring higher airway pressures.

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LMA, ProSeal LMA, Classic LMA, endotracheal tube

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Entrepreneurship is a key driver of economic growth and development, as it leverages a nation's resources for wealth creation and innovation. Business incubation plays a crucial role in supporting this process by providing necessary resources, guidance, and assistance to budding entrepreneurs. This study examines the role of Tamilnadu Startup in promoting entrepreneurship within the state of Tamilnadu, highlighting the various strategies employed by the business incubation center to nurture new ventures.The analysis reveals notable disparities between the support practices advertised by the incubator and the actual services delivered to the startups. While Tamilnadu Startup offers a diverse range of facilities and assistance, many entrepreneurs expressed dissatisfaction with the quality and effectiveness of these services. Key challenges identified include inadequate funding, technical limitations, and insufficient institutional support, which have hindered the success of startups and entrepreneurs in the region. This gap between expectations and delivery suggests a need for improved strategies to enhance the impact of business incubation in Tamilnadu.

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 Keywords

Incubation,Entrepreneur,Incubate,Beneficiaries

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition